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HEMPHazard and Effects

Management Program

Objective:Objective:

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After this session you will be able to:

• Understand How to Manage Hazards and their Effects

• Understand your role and responsibility in the HEMP process

• Have clear understanding of how Hazards and Effects Management (HEMP) fits into the HSE Control Framework

• Understand the 6 Practical Steps for completing a HEMP review

• Have enough knowledge to discuss HEMP and ask the right questions

After this session you will be able to:

• Understand How to Manage Hazards and their Effects

• Understand your role and responsibility in the HEMP process

• Have clear understanding of how Hazards and Effects Management (HEMP) fits into the HSE Control Framework

• Understand the 6 Practical Steps for completing a HEMP review

• Have enough knowledge to discuss HEMP and ask the right questions

HEMPHazard and Effects Management Program

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• The HEMP is at the heart of our HSE Management Systems. It’s where the planning turns into action. 

• HSE Risk Management relies primarily on HEMP and it’s associated tools. 

What is a HEMP?• All our activities have the potential to harm people and the environment or

cause damage to assets, financial loss, and to adversely impact on reputation.

• To manage these risks, we use a Hazard and Effects Management Process

(HEMP)

• A HEMP is a structured approach to identifying and managing the hazards and

potential effects of these activities.

• The overall objective is to reduce risks to As Low As Reasonably Practicable

(ALARP).

• A HEMP evaluation can be detailed e.g. an HSE Case for a high-risk activity such

as Road Transport

• ... or a relatively short e.g. For a single task in a mechanical workshop such as

changing a tyre.

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HEMPHazard and Effects Management Program

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HEMP Application Steps:HEMP Application Steps:

Identify (the hazard, and hazardous events)Identify (the hazard, and hazardous events)

Assess (the Risks)Assess (the Risks)

Control (the threats that might release the hazard that leads to the Control (the threats that might release the hazard that leads to the hazardous event)hazardous event)

Recover (from the hazardous event, if possible before incurring an Recover (from the hazardous event, if possible before incurring an unwanted consequence)unwanted consequence)

How to Manage Hazards and their Effects

The 6 HEMP Steps

Implementing a HEMP

Identify Hazards

Assess Risk

Develop Controls

Risk ALARP?

Plan Recovery

N

Y

Record Process

Moving Heavy Equipment

Working at Height

Flammable Hydrocarbons

Raised Objects

HAZARD - An agent that has the potential to cause harm to People, damage to Assets, business loss and Impact on the Environment or Reputation

Hazards are systematically identified using a standard hazard checklist

Rotating Machinery

Moving Vehicles

Chemicals

Step1Hazard Identification

1. The potential to harm people or the

environment, cause damage to or loss of

assets, or adversely impact reputation.

2. Consider the hazards arising during the

entire lifecycle of an asset or activity;

• Planning, mobilisation & set-up

• Routine conditions

• Abnormal conditions (e.g. weather

extremes & use of back-ups)

• Reasonably foreseeable incidents

and/or emergency situations

• Demobilisation

• Past activities

As a start, consider these hazards:

• Flammable and explosive substances

• Chemicals and toxic substances

• Land Transport

• Working at heights above 2m

• Confined spaces

• Slips, trips and falls

• Machinery with moving parts

• Extreme temperatures

• Electricity

• Objects under induced stress

• Lifting and moving equipment

• Security

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Step1Hazard Identification

CONSEQUENCES (Effects) - the impacts on People, Assets, Environment and Reputation if a Hazard is Released

2 – ASSESS the Risk2 – ASSESS the RiskIdentification Of Consequences And Assessment Of Risks

Legal Legal ActioActio

nn

Fire

ToxiToxic c

Gas Gas ClouClou

dd

Lost Time

Injury

DeatDeathh

Discharges and Emissions

ExplosioExplosionn

ComplComplaintsaints

Fall in Fall in Share PriceShare Price

2 – ASSESS the RiskUse the Matrix to:

• Assess the risks of the

identified hazards by

assessing the

likelihood of the effect

occurring and its

consequence.

• Categorise each risk as

Low, Medium, or High.

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2 – ASSESS the Risk

• Risk is the likelihood that a specific consequence will occur within a specified period

• Risk is therefore a function of the severity of a consequence and the likelihood of the consequence

• In using the PDO RAM, we consider the worst credible consequence to People, Assets, Environment and Reputation

• Likelihood is HISTORICAL (has it happened before in The location? The organisation? The industry?)

• Risk rating (ranking) is the resulting position on the RAM

RISK = Consequences X Likelihood

Increasing Increasing Likelihood Likelihood

of of Top EventTop Event

Increasing RiskIncreasing Risk

Identification Of Consequences And Assessment Of Risks

2 – ASSESS the 2 – ASSESS the RiskRisk

Increasing Consequence

Severity

3- CONTROL the risk

• Following assessment of risks, HEMP requires that controls be applied in order to reduce risks to ALARP.

• Controls should focus on risk elimination and reduction before recovery measures.

• Controls should include preventative and mitigation measures involving active, passive and/or operational systems.

• Examples of operational systems to be considered include:

• Training programs

• Monitoring programs

• Procedures & work instructions

• Management plans

• Emergency response plans

• Audit and inspection programs.

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4 – Is the Risk ‘ALARP’?

“As low as reasonably practicable”.

Risks are ALARP when the time,

effort, difficulty and cost of further

risk reduction measures have been

assessed as being unreasonable in

regard to the additional risk

reduction.

ALARP has NOT been achieved if, a

small increase in cost and effort,

could greatly reduce a risk.

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Acceptable level of risk

6 1 2 3 4 5

Level of risk remaining after control option is applied

Cost & effort of implementing each control option

Control Options

Ris

k

$$ & Effort

5 – RECOVERING if the controls fail

Once the controls required to reduce the risk to ALARP have been identified, an additional examination of the hazard control measures should be made

This will to identify how recovery from a hazard can be accomplished if all of the controls fail.

Note they will be recorded as another control

• Physical equipment (e.g. roll-bars, seat belts, airbags).

• Action plans for emergency response (e.g. call-out duty roster).

• Curative measures (e.g. medical facilities, first aid training).

• Compensative measures (e.g. financial payments).

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Plan Recovery Plan Recovery Identification of Barriers (the Control and Recovery Measures)

• CONTROLS prevent the threat from releasing the hazard to cause the Top

Event.

• RECOVERY MEASURES mitigate the Top Event or the worst credible

consequences.

TTHHRREEAATT

HHAAZZAARRDD

TOP TOP EVENTEVENT

CONSEQUENCE

RECOVERY

CCOONNTTRROOLLSS

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Load Load PlanPlan

Examples of Controls, Recovery MeasuresExamples of Controls, Recovery Measures

• CONTROLSCONTROLS prevent the threat from releasing the hazard to cause the Top Event.

• RECOVERY MEASURESRECOVERY MEASURES mitigate the Top Event or the worst credible consequences.

Design Design StandardsStandards

Emergency Emergency Response Response

PlansPlans

Blast Resistan

t Modules

Access Access ControlControl

Antilock Antilock Braking Braking SystemSystem

Community Community Relations Relations PlanningPlanning

6 – RECORD6 – RECORD• The final step of HEMP is formally

recording the process.

• This is typically done by recording the findings in a HEMP Register

• Please note this is a live document.

• It must be reviewed and changed regularly

• It must be used onsite by the people planning the jobs

A HEMP register should include:

• A description of the hazard.

• Probable threats

• Possible consequences

• Escalation factors increasing the likelihood or severity of an incident.

• asks undertaken to provide or maintain controls or recovery measures (HSE-Critical Tasks).

• Positions responsible for HSE-Critical Tasks (HSE-Critical Positions).

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Exercise1.Imagine you are the

owner of the Nairobi Zoo, and you have the opportunity to acquire a lion for your zoo.

2.Up until now you have only had sheep and rabbits in your zoo.

3.Identify the Hazard, Top event and Consequence, RAM your Consequence

4.What can go wrong and how can you prevent this from happening?

5.What happens if the Lion Gets out? What do you do?

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Hazard Threat BarriersTop

EventRecoveryMeasures Consequences

Lion HumanError;

Improper design

etc.

Loss ofControl;

Lion Gets out

Zoo Emergency Response

Plan

Accident, Injuries,Fatalities

Lion at the Zoo

Materials

of Const.;

Zoo Keeper Rounds etc.

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Identify Hazards

Assess Risk

Develop Controls

Risk ALARP?

Plan Recovery

N

Y

Record Process

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