help save the world with bamboo by dr. segundino u. foronda, ph.d. forester, inventor & forest...
TRANSCRIPT
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Help Save the World with
BambooBy
Dr. Segundino U. Foronda, Ph.D. Forester, Inventor & Forest Products Specialist
E-mail: [email protected]
Democracy M. Icawalo INBAR Alumnus & Bamboo Advocate
E-mail: [email protected]
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What is Climate Change?
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• Climate Change refers to any change in climate over time whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity or changing levels of Green House Gases (GHGs).
• It describes the short and long term effects on the earth’s climate as a result of human activities such as fossil fuel combustion and vegetation clearing and burning.
• It is also now referred to as GLOBAL WARMING.
CLIMATE CHANGE
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Causes of Climate Change
• Wanton utilization of fossil fuels
• Deforestation
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Effects of Climate Change
• Pollution of water, air and soil
• Polar ice caps melting
• Negative economic consequences
• Increased extreme weather conditions
• Spread of diseases
• Landscape changes
• Adverse effects on agriculture and food supply
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Solutions1. Re-greening with trees and bamboo
Bamboo is more recommended, however, considering its natural characteristics as follows:
- Bamboo absorbs 35% more carbon dioxide compared to trees. It also emits 35% more oxygen. Even in finished products form, it
will not release its C02 contents for decades.
- It is much more sustainable and easier to plant. Even when burned, it will just grow back unlike trees.
- Its maximum maturity period is only 5 years while the minimum time for trees to mature
on the average is 10 years.
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2 . Use of clean & sustainable fuel substitutes
Fossil Fuels vs. Bio-oil & Bio-coal Non-renewable - Renewable Grey CO2 - Green CO2 Dirty - Clean Not cheap - Cheaper than
fossil fuels
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Bio-oilWhat is bio-oil (BO)?
• Not oil in traditional sense
• Liquid biomass, molecular composition resembles the feedstock
• Clean burning, carbon dioxide neutral fuel
• Aka: pyrolysis oil, bio-crude oil
• Can be co-fired in furnaces, boilers, gas turbines, and diesel engines
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Bio-oil
Green substitute to conventional fossil fuels in
power generation for now.
( Soon, for transportation fuels! )
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Benefits of Bio-oil• Reduce dependence on fossil fuel• Establish land cover• Reduce GHG emissions• Create jobs• Motivate economic activity in the countryside• Save foreign exchange• Cheaper than fossil fuel
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Cost of Bio-oil“Even more importantly, bio-oil is priced at
$25 - $35 a barrel…” (Zeman, 2007)
Equiv crude oil: US$ 45.45 – 63.64 a barrel
CDM benefits when factored will increase bio-oil’s competitiveness!
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Bio-oil ProcessingFast Pyrolysis
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Products of Fast PyrolysisBio-oil
- Liquid biomass
- Can be stored, pumped and transported
Non-condensable gas
- Re-circulated into the pyrolysis process
Char
- Black powder- Incompletely
combusted biomass
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FeedstockAny lignocellulosic or cellulosic material
Forestry, agricultural and processing residues
• Wood, sawdust, bark, forest slash, waste paper
• Rice straw & husk, corn stalks & cobs, bamboo
• Cellulosic residues from bio-diesel/ bio-ethanol
production, e.g., coco shell & husk, bagasse, etc.
• Poultry litter, animal dung
No competition with food supply!
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Bio-fuel Crops Compared
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• Indigenous plant species• Easier to establish than tree species• High regenerative capacity, even when burned• High capacity to withstand extreme
environmental conditions• Fast growing and high-biomass yield• Short maturity period• Co-products:
- Bamboo shoots
- High quality pole segments
Bamboo – Most Favorable Feedstock
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Bamboo BO Plant Capacity
1000 ha plantation = 100TPD BO Facility
Daily BO output = 70-75 TPD
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Moving Forward
Invest in Bamboo Bio-oil Production
and make money!
Reduce dependence on fossil fuels
Reduce GHG emissions
Protect the environment
Create jobs
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Bio-coalWhat is bio-coal?• Torrefied biomass• Aka: e-coal, green coal• No smoke/ odor, clean• HHV = 22-26 MJ/kg• Easy to mill, friable• Hydrophobic• Decay resistant
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Benefits of Bio-coal• Stores and handles like fossil coal• Requires no retrofitting for coal-fired plants• Consistent and uniform fuel efficiency • Generates electricity as efficiently as fossil coal • Enables immediate GHG emissions reduction• Fossil coal will emit (+/-) 300% more carbon dioxide
compared to bio-coal• Cost of bio-coal is only (+/-) 40% of the cost of
fossil coal
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Bio-coal ProcessingTorrefaction • 200-300 °C • zero oxygen• (+/-) 30 minutes
Densification• milling/ grinding• pelletizing
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Feedstock Bamboo
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We need to move
from this
to this!
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Remember, we need to save our world for our children.
Help save the world with bamboo!!!