hellenic developing and constructing lyeum cosmic...
TRANSCRIPT
HELYCONHellenic
Lyeum
Cosmic
Observatories
Network
Developing and Constructing
An Extensive Air Shower Detector
Antonis Leisos
Hep2006-Ioannina
Hellenic Open University
University of Patras
University of Athens
National technical University
NRCPS “Demokritos”
Cosmic Ray Energy Spectrum
The Concept
• primary mass
• energy
• age, Xmax
• space angle
• shower core
Single Station
GPSScintillator-PMTScintillator-PMT
Scintillator-PMT
DAQ
~20 m
1 m2
Single Station Set-Up
Triangulation
Shower Direction
Multi Station Set upGPS Synchronisation
The HELYCON Scintillation Module
Scintillator 2
Scintillator 3
GPS timestamp
Station Server
Prototype Construction
10 x 12 cm tiles
80 tiles ~ 0.96 m2
12 WLS fibers per row
Single PMT read out
Scintillators & WLS fibers
WLS fibers: Bicron (BCF-91A)
Light attenuation length: 330cm
Scintillators :
Protvino (Russia) Emission spectrum:420 nm Decay time 2 ns
PMT Testing
Photonis XP-1912Standard, 10-stage, 19 mm(3/4") round tube
Detector Testing
DAQ
GPS Input
USB PortTrigger Ouput4 PMT Signal Inputs
25ps accuracy TDC
DAQ•Handles 4-channels
•Adjustable PMT Thresholds
•Relative Arrival times < 1ns
•Estimates Pulse sizes (TOT) and Shapes
•Synchronization with GPS ~ 25ns
•Digital Interface to PC
•Slow Controls & Environmental Monitoring
HPTDC
• 32 channels (LR) – 8 Channels (HR)
•25ps (HR) to 800 ps (LR) accuracy
•Self Calibrating
GPS
(Motorola M12+Timing Oncore)
• 25 ns UTC accuracy can be better (up to 5ns)
Software ToolsCORSICA
(Extensive Air ShowerSimulation)
GEANT4(Scintillation, WLS & PMT response)
Software Tools
DAQSIM(DAQ Simulation)
HOUANA(Analysis &
Track Reconstruction)
Time (ns)
Height (mV)
Zentih (degrees)
Monte Carlo Studies• Reconstruction of Shower Direction
• Reconstruction of the Shower Core
Properties
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
Distance from core (m)
Particles/m2
Monte Carlo StudiesNeeded corrections
curvature
thickness
ns after 1st particle
Core distance>500m
Monte Carlo Studies
Time Delay (ns)
Distance from core (mm)
Time Spread (ns)
Distance from core (mm)
Some Corrections (thickness)
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
Monte Carlo Studies
Θrec-Θtrue Pull
Single Station Performance
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
Monte Carlo Studies
Distance from core (m)
Reconstruction efficiency
Distance from core (m)
Resolution (degrees)
Single Station Performance
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
SQC (σθ=6.4) SQC (σθ=6.4)
Monte Carlo StudiesExamples of a 3-Station Performance
(Crude Analysis)
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
Threshold Charge (pes)
Resolution per reconstructed track (degrees)
HELYCON Online Control & Data Analysis Package
control
real time monitor
shower reconstruction
data analysis
real data & data summary storage
graphics & presenter
Time SchedulePrototype detector full test
(PMT and Scintillator)
May 2006
Production & test of 15 detectors
July 2006 (2 detectors per week)
Electronics Testing May-June 2006 (the prototype is currently tested)
DAQ Test + Detectors July-September 2006
Online Software-Analysis Tools-Reconstruction Strategy Development
-September 2006
3 station Run Autumn 2006
HELYCON in Patras
1019 eV
1017 eV
1015 eV
2 km
Eurocosmics
The General Idea…
•Angular offset
•Efficiency
•Resolution
•Position
The Example of Amanda-Spase
30 stations (4 scint. 0.2 m2 in a triangular grid, 30m spacing)
B10 resolution 3.8 degrees
~4km
~20km
Very High Energy
Very High Zenith AngleExtreme low rate
Floating stations
(Sea Technology?)
The Concept
We propose a minimum of 3 stations with at least 3 m2 scintillator
detectors each
Monte Carlo StudiesExamples of a Multi-Station
Performance
(Crude Analysis)
Vertical Proton Showers (106-107 GeV)
Station Configuration
Not need for position holding
Resolution in determining a possible Angular Offset (degrees)-10 day operation
Number of stations