heikki hyötyniemi january 15, 2003 hut / control engineering post-graduate course on complex...
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Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 1
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
AS-74.330Post-Graduate Course on Control Engineering
Spring 2003:
Complex Systems
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 2
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
AS-74.330
Post-graduate course of the HUT Control Engineering Laboratory
Changing themes, can be taken many times All material/presentations in English 6 credits out of 25-30 (major) or 10-15 (minor)
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 3
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
This is HOT!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 4
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Complex systems?
Starting point (here): Simple basic system structure, complexity resulting from massive iteration
Keyword is EMERGENCE of ORDER: When a large number of lower-level constructs are
combined, new patterns of functionality or structures (hopefully) pop up
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 5
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
System System complexcomplexBehavior Behavior chaoticchaotic
Result Result fractalfractal
System System complexcomplexBehavior Behavior chaoticchaotic
Result Result fractalfractal
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 6
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Claims
”All natural processes are best explained in terms of cellular automata”
”All natural systems are cellular automata” ”The same ideas solve the problems in biology,
sociology, ...” ”Old mathematics (physics, biology, ethics, etc.)
must be forgotten”
WHAT ...?!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 7
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Form vs. function?
Interesting emergent forms?
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 8
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Course objective
Try to see the big picture.
Be prepared to contribute to ”science in the making”.
1. Possibilities and threats
2. Basic paradigms and approaches
3. Concrete environments for emergence
4. Example applications.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 9
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Course pages
http://www.control.hut.fi/kurssit/AS-74.330/index.htmlhttp://www.control.hut.fi/kurssit/AS-74.330/index.html
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 10
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Read the news!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 11
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Use Internet!
Links accessible through course pages:
Complex systems research General bookmarks Related journals Research institutions
Information on LaTeX Search machines
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 12
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Publication
The texts will be collected together and they will be published in the Control Engineering Laboratory publication series
Texts will be written using LaTeX, following the formatting guidelines ... an exercise in scientific writing!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 13
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session outline
1. Exercises to be returned before session start
2. Preliminary versions of the Chapter handed out (can be copied in the Lab if in time)
3. Some two-hour presentations, slides with PowerPoint, if possible
4. Discussion
5. Feedback forms returned.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 14
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 2
January 22. New Kind of ScienceReino VirrankoskiMaterial (for example!) from Stephen Wolfram: "A New Kind of Science" and Steven Johnson: "Emergence - The Connected Lives of Ants, Brains, Cities, and Software". The goal is to informally give insight in the huge promises ...
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 15
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 3
January 29. ... or End of Science?Heikki PistoMaterial from John Horgan: "End of Science". This shows the highly controversial nature of the claims concerning complex systems - and it also criticizes the "ironic science" in general!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 16
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 4
February 5. Architecture of Complex SystemsEugene M. BurmakinMaterial from Herbert A. Simon: "Sciences of the Artificial". The role of hierarchies as general structures spanning any complex systems is presented, and motivations for this fact is given; ideas of "empty world" and "almost decomposability" are coined.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 17
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 5
February 12. Towards DecentralizationMatti SaastamoinenMaterial from Stuart J. Russell, Peter Norvig: "Artificial Intelligence - Modern Approach", etc. Agents and their interactions as a framework for mastering complexity in current AI paradigms is presented, resulting in extreme decentralization of processing and control.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 18
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 6
February 19. Networks of AgentsJani KaartinenMaterial from Albert-Lazslo Barabasi: "Linked". How everything is networked rather than hierarchically organized.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 19
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 7
February 26. Cellular AutomataJuan LiMaterial (again) from Stephen Wolfram: "A New Kind of Science". How all higher-level organization has to be abandoned?
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 20
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 8
March 5. Chaos TheoryBoris KrassiMaterial from Robert Devaney: "An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems", etc. Role of nonlinearity. Introduction to ideas of deterministic chaos, bifurcations, fractals, strange attractors, and "Feigenbaumian universality" ...
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 21
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 9
March 12. Research Based on SimulationsLasse ErikssonMaterial from Per Bak, Kan Chen: "Self-Organized Criticality", John Doyle: WWW Homepages, etc. Further innovations about phase transitions, edge of chaos, highly optimized tolerance, ...
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 22
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 10
March 19. Self-Similarity and Power LawsTiina KomulainenMaterial from the Web. How the "Zipf law" seems to govern all naturally evolved systems, and how such qualitative studies can be utilized in artificial systems.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 23
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 11
March 26. Turing's Lure, Gödel's CurseAbouda AbdullaMaterial from Elwyn Berlekamp, John Conway, Richard Guy: "Winning Ways" (Vol. 2, Chapter 25), etc. How it can be theoretically shown that simple nonlinearities can produce mindboggling complexity - and how this universal might actually collapses everything!
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 24
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 12
April 2. Control of Large-Scale SystemsJari HätönenMaterial by Lauri Hakkala, etc. How the problem of complexity used to be attacked applying hierarchic control, applying optimal control theory before anybody spoke of robustness.
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 25
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 13
April 9. Qualitative ApproachesPetteri KangasMaterial from John Sterman: "Business Dynamics - Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World". Forgetting about details and numbers, it can be easier to motivate the ideas of System Dynamics to those who are controlling the complex systems ...
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 26
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Session 14
April 16. Towards a Systemic View of Complexity?Yuba Raj AdhikariMaterial from the Web. How emergent patterns could be controlled? How to make something interesting emerge? How to see emergent processes in a perspective? What kind of "holistic" mathematical tools might be available when analyzing complex automation systems?
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 27
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Goal: Homogeneity
Presentations (oral/textual) should not be too superficial, and not too mathematical
Try to see wider perspectives, historical developments and connections, etc.
Give representative examples!
(It goes without saying: Quality is another central goal)
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 28
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
YOU make it roll!
1. WHO are you?
2. WHERE do you come from?
3. WHY are you taking this course?
4. WHAT do you already know about the subject?
Post-Graduate Course on Complex
SystemsSession 1 / Slide 29
Heikki Hyötyniemi January 15, 2003HUT / Control Engineering
Heikki Hyötyniemi
Chairman of the Finnish Artificial Intelligence Society (FAIS) 1999 – 2002
About 100 scientific publications
Professor since Nov. 1, 2001 on Complex Systems