heart disease. arteries that supply blood with fresh oxygen and nutrients are the coronary...
TRANSCRIPT
Heart Disease
Heart Disease
Arteries that supply blood with fresh oxygen and nutrients are the coronary arteries.
Heart or coronary artery disease is when the coronary arteries become narrowed and/or blocked.
Heart Disease Is the gradual blockage of the coronary arteries
of the heart. Also called Coronary Artery Disease.
When the heart is starved of oxygen, it causes pain in the heart called angina.
If a coronary artery becomes completely blocked, the area of the heart that the artery supplied will die. This is called a Heart Attack.
Heart Disease
Risk Factors for Heart Disease
Non-Changeable Risk Factors
1. Heredity, Genetics, Family History(born with the genes and predisposition)
2. Aging(plaque build up occurs over time, starting at about age 20; the older you are = higher risk)
3. Gender(being male = greater risk)
Risk Factors for Heart Disease
Changeable Risk Factors
1. High Blood Pressure/Hypertension
• High BP puts a strain on the heart. Coronary arteries could rupture.
• High BP is treatable with diet, exercise and medications.
Changeable Risk Factors Continued
2. Smoking • Smoking increases BP (b/c nicotine constricts blood
vessels and thickens blood). • Thick blood adds strain on the heart and doesn’t flow
through narrow or partly blocked arteries very well.• Oxygen levels are reduced b/c the carbon monoxide
in cigarettes displaces the oxygen. • If coronary arteries are already narrowed or partly
blocked, heart may not get the amount of oxygen that it needs.
• People can quit smoking if they really want to.
Changeable Risk Factors Continued
3. Diet high in salt• Salt thickens the blood• People can choose to lower their salt intake
4. Diet high in Cholesterol• Too much cholesterol will accumulate and
stick to the insides of blood vessels, causing them to narrow and become hard and less elastic.
• People can modify their diets if they want to
Changeable Risk Factors Continued
5. Obesity• A person who is 30 lbs overweight has double the
risk factors and 4 years less to live.• People can try to lose weight
6. High Stress• Causing narrowing of the arteries due to constriction,
which in turn increases blood pressure. • Stress also increases heart rate.• Both put an added strain on the heart.• People can find ways to reduce stress in their lives
Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease
Diagnosis of Heart Disease
Cardiac Catheterization
Involves passing a thin plastic tube through a vein in the leg or arm.
A dye is injected through the tube.
The dye travels to the heart and eventually passes through the coronary arteries.
Diagnosis of Heart Disease
X-rays and TV monitors are used to view the coronary arteries.
Narrowing and blockages can be seen and will help direct the surgeon to the exact nature of the blocked or narrowed coronary arteries.
Catheterization simulation
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiac_catheterization
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Diagnosis of Heart Disease As well as the Cardiac Catheterization,
blood tests (e.x. cholesterol levels or enzyme levels associated with heart attacks) CAT scans, MRI’s and EKG’s can also help in the
diagnosis.
Treatment of Heart Disease
Angina A drug called Nitroglycerine is used to
increase blood flow to the coronary arteries.
Heart Attacks (and strokes) Drugs called clot busters (e.x. TPA) can be
used to thin the blood and break up blood clots that may be blocking coronary arteries.
Treatment of Heart Disease
If Coronary Arteries are narrowed or blocked by cholesterol deposits (Atherosclerosis), two basic techniques are used to improve blood flow through them:
Angioplasty Bypass Surgery
Treatment of Heart Disease
i. Balloon Angioplasty
Inserting a catheter with a deflated balloon into a vessel in the groin or wrist and gently pushing it upwards until it reaches the affected coronary artery.
Balloon Angioplasty
The balloon is gently inflated and then deflated several times, squishing the plaques flatter against the artery wall, thus unblocking the artery
Treatment of Heart Disease
ii. Laser Angioplasty A laser melts and
vaporizes the fatty deposits to clear the artery.
Treatment of Heart Disease
iii. Coronary Bypass SurgeryA vein from the leg isremoved and then usedto detour around thecoronary artery that is
blocked. If more than one detour is built during the same surgery it is called a double, triple, quadruple, or quintuple bypass.
StrokeAffects blood vessels that supply blood to the brain.
Strokes and Heart Attacks basically have the same cause…
Warning Signs of a Stroke
– learn them –
death due to strokes is preventable…
6 minutes
- NEVER IGNORE THEM -
http://answerstv.com/AnswersTV/Channel.aspx?ChannelID=7005fa6d-6b27-4d29-94bb-cb3db599ea03&StartPoint=Folder227&PlayItem=305&AP=true
Symptoms of Heart Attack
6 minutes
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V8tMHHHxeAU