heart and circulatory problems
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BFA PPTTRANSCRIPT
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Heart and Circulatory Problems
Shock
Internal Bleeding
Anaphylactic Shock
Angina Pectoris
Heart Attack
Fainting
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Shock
• Casualty may appear to be confused, weak and dizzy and may eventually deteriorate into unconsciousness.
• Pale cold and clammy skin• Fast, weak pulse• Fast Shallow breathing• Dizziness and weakness• Confusion• Unconsciousness
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Shock
• Warmth• Air• Rest• Mental rest• Treatment• Help
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Types of shock
• Hypovolemic /established shock – too much loss of blood
• Anaphylactic shock- foreign substance injected into bloodstream (venom)
• Neurogenic shock – damage to the nervous system that sends impulses to muscles
• Septic shock – bacterial infection causes a potentially lethal drop in blood pressure
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Internal Bleeding
• Internal bleeding can happen in any part of the body
• Stomach, liver and spleen and intestines are particularly vulnerable because they are rich in blood supply.
• Signs and symptoms of shock• Bruising• Swelling• Bleeding from body orifices
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Internal Bleeding
• Treat for shock• Keep the casualty warm• Treat any external bleeding or bleeding
from orifices• Seek for help
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Anaphylactic shock
• Can be caused by anything.• Most common triggers are:• Nuts• Seafood• Insect stings and bites• Drugs • Difficulty breathing• Pale skin and blue lips• Blotches on skin• Rapid pulse• Breathing and heartbeat stopping
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Anaphylactic shock
• Call an ambulance immediately• Help to administer adrenaline injection if
casualty is a known sufferer.• Reassure• If becomes unconscious, place in recovery
position. • Prepare for CPR if necessary.
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Angina Pectoris
• An angina attack is a frightening, severe, crushing chest pain that acts as a warning to the casualty to calm down or rest
• Evidence of recent exertion• Gripping chest pain• Pain spreading to the jaw or down the left
arm• Shortness of breath• Pale skin with possible blue tinges• Rapid, weak pulse
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Angina Pectoris
• Sit the casualty down and reassure her• GTN (glycerol trinitrate) • Call the ambulance
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Heart Attack
• Signs and symptoms generally the same as Angina.
• May suffer a heart attack from an attack of angina.
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Heart Attack
• Move the casualty into a semi-sitting position.
• Reassure the casualty • Help casualty to administer aspirin (let the
casualty consume it himself)• Call for ambulance as soon as possible.