health, wellness and illness
DESCRIPTION
HEALTH, WELLNESS AND ILLNESS. What Is Health?. What Is Health?. Definition of Health?. WHO, 1947. “Health is state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity”. Dunn, 1967. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
HEALTH, WELLNESS AND ILLNESS
WHAT IS HEALTH?
WHAT IS HEALTH?Definition of Health?
WHO, 1947
“Health is state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity”
Dunn, 1967
“Health is an integrated method of functioning which is oriented toward maximizing the potential of which the individual is capable. It requires that the individual maintain a continuum of balance and purposeful direction with the environment where he/she is functioning ”
MODEL of HEALTH
1. Medical Model
2. Environmental Model
MEDICAL MODEL
- about measure of health by gathering numerical data (vital statistic)
- ie: prevalence of diseases, incidence of diseases- In medical model diseases
measured in term of morbidity and mortality
Terminology
- Health- Medical model- Vital statistic- Prevalence- Incidence- Morbidity- Mortality
ENVIRONMENTAL MODEL
-About analyses of ecosystems and environmental risks to human health- In this model health is define in terms of the quality of a person’s (human factors) adaptation to environmental as conditions change
HEALTH
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
HUMAN FACTORS
TERMINOLOGY
- Environmental Factors
- Human Factors
WELLNESS
- emphasizes individual responsibility for wellbeing through the practice of health-promoting like style behaviors- Holistic model of health- In this model define health in term of whole person- Encompasses the physiological, mental, emotional, social, spiritual, environmental and communities- State of optimum health
THE WELLNESS CONTINUUM
NEUTRAL POINT
HIGH LEVEL OF
WELLNESS DEATH
Signs
Symptoms
DisabilityAwareness
Education
Growth
DIMENSION OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS
- Wellness is dynamic and continuous
- All dimensions are integrated and functioning together
SIX DIMENSIONS OF HEALTH AND WELLNESS
- Emotional- Intellectual- Spiritual- Occupational- Social- Physical
DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Health determinants:
1
1.Socio economic conditions
2.Biological
3.Environmental
4.Behavioral
5.Culture environment
6.Psychological
SOCIO ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Socio economic determinants health:
1. Education
2. Income
3. Employment
4. Housing
5. Health care services
6. Food security
7. Social support network
8. Early life
9. Aboriginal status
10. Social exclusion
11. Gender
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socio economic conditions:
1. Micro economic conditions
2. Macro economic conditions
i. Individual level
ii. Community level
i. National economy
ii. Global economy
Example
Spread of infectious diseases
Globalisation of communicable diseases: HIV/AIDS, Hepatistis C, bird flu, SARS, H1 N1 etc
Emerging of new disease and re-emerging of disease
Diseases related with life style
Medical care – development of health tourism – patient able to access to cheaper medical care
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Socio economic determinants of health – AT INDIVIDUAL AND COMMUNITY LEVEL
Economic development lead to
Increase production
Distribution effect
Consumption
o increase resources
o equity in health
o public consumption
o private consumption
ILLNESS & DISEASES
“The new theory is that most of today’s human illness, the infectious ones aside, are multifactor in nature, caused by two great arrays of causative mechanism: the influence of things in the environment; and one’s personal lifestyle. For medicine to become effective in dealing with such diseases, it has become common belief that the environment will have to be changed, and personal ways of living also have to be transformed, and radically.” - Thomas, 1978
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORSHUMAN
FACTORS
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
HUMAN FACTORS
THE WELLNESS CONTINUUM
NEUTRAL POINT
HIGH LEVEL OF
WELLNESS DEATH
Signs
Symptoms
DisabilityAwareness
Education
Growth
Diseases Condition
INDIVIDUAL & ILLNESS
Healthy Individuals
Early Disease
Established Disease
Complications & Death
Exposure to Risk
Incidence & Prevalence of Disease, Complications and Mortality
Provision, Distribution, operations, and utilisation of health services across the population
Primary Prevention
Screening, Early Detection and Intervention (e.g. Good Clinical Control )
Health Systems Improvement: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Access, Equity...
HEALTH, ILLNESS AND POPULATION
HEALTHY
CONTINUUM OF ILLNESS
SUB CLINICAL
NO SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
CLINICAL
WITH SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
ILLNESS
CAUSATION OF DISEASES
MULTIFACTORAL CAUSATION OF DISEASES:
- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
- LIFE STYLE FACTORS
- BIOLOGICAL FACTORS
