health situation in the americas basic indicators...

N

2012health situation in the americas

Basic Indicators

Off ice of the Assistant DirectorHealth Surveillance and Disease Prevention and ControlHealth Information and Analysis

World Health OrganizationRegional Office of the

Age-adjusted mortality ratefrom external causes per 100,000 pop(10-49 years), 2008

14.9 - 42.842.9 - 54.554.6 - 74.074.1 - 136.2no data

110th ANNIVERSARY

On a yearly basis since 1995 the Regional Core Health Data Initiative of the Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) presents the most recent information on health indicators in the Region of the Americas.

On the 110th anniversary of PAHO/WHO, this publication highlights the mortality due to external causes (EC); those causes of death different from natural causes and recognized as avoidable such as suicides, homicides and accidents. From the data reported by the countries, it is estimated that over 5.5 million people died from EC in the Region between 1999 and 2009. Three and a half million deaths (64%) occurred among the young and adult population (10-49 years old) with an average of 319,000 deaths per year; 84% of the deaths happened among males, five times more deaths among men than women. The most frequent causes were homicides (33%) and land transport accidents (26%).

On the cover, we have included a map that shows the distribution of mortality from all EC of the countries in the Region in 2008. Furthermore, based on the importance of the mortality profile from EC, we have included a time series analysis from homicides and land transport accidents by sex for eight subregions.

It is important to recognize the efforts that several countries are conducting by implementing prevention programs on violence and injury, including the strengthening of information systems to quantify the events. Given the complexity of determinants and the role of different social sectors, it is fundamental that PAHO Member States continue their work within the commitments that have been acquired through instruments such as the PAHO Resolution CD 48/20 “Preventing Violence and Injuries and Promoting Safety: A Call for Action in the Region", 2008, and the "Plan of Action for Road Safety", 2011.

The information presented in this brochure has been compiled, processed and reviewed by PAHO/WHO technical staff in collaboration with staff from the ministries of health and the planning and statistics offices in the Americas.

For more information, including basic indicators and their definitions, please visit the website of the PAHO/WHO Regional Health Observatory at www.paho.org/rho

Mirta Roses PeriagoDirector

For this publication: Latin America includes Mexico, the Central American Isthmus, the Latin Caribbean, the Andean Area, Brazil, and the Southern Cone. ”Latin America and the Caribbean” comprise Latin America and non-Latin Caribbean. Brazil and Mexico are being shown separately due to their population size.

preface

Mirta Roses PeriagoDirector

demographic indicators1

totalpopulation(thousands)

2012

2crude

birth rate(1,000 pop)

2012

3annual births

average(thousands)

2012

5annual pop

growth(%)

2012

4annual deaths

average(thousands)

2012

6total

fertility rate(child/woman)

2012

7urban

population(%)

2012

8dependency

ratio(100 pop)

2012

9T

total

9F

female

9Mlife expectancy at

birth (years)2012

male

953,686

350,53569

34,675315,791

603,151

595,972

116,147

44,012324

4,7946,264

15,1387,9125,9553,625

36,54711,24910,183

243465

10,256408

3,743

132,28910,24847,55114,86529,73429,891

198,361

68,61641,11917,423

6,6833,391

7,1791589

108351288

53146

73109758

2,7615

51162104

39534

1,3514631

105

16.2

13.511.411.313.7

17.8

17.8

18.5

24.824.015.320.031.525.822.819.1

17.89.6

20.924.013.225.711.612.9

19.925.818.919.819.619.8

15.0

16.616.814.023.714.5

16.212.916.212.815.212.212.213.615.616.817.417.911.613.914.414.413.117.814.317.410.710.9

15,547.2

4,745.20.8

392.84,350.7

10,802.0

10,685.3

2,158.3

1,103.17.9

73.8125.5483.7206.0136.7

69.5

652.1107.6213.9

5.96.2

265.64.7

48.2

2,647.8266.3902.8296.1585.2597.4

2,978.3

1,146.2692.1245.3159.6

49.2

116.20.21.41.45.33.50.62.01.11.8

13.249.6

0.10.72.31.50.59.5

19.30.80.31.1

6,517.1

2,915.70.5

267.52,646.7

3,601.4

3,549.7

557.6

228.91.2

20.941.381.537.827.818.4

272.885.160.8

0.93.4

90.23.3

29.2

733.073.3

264.575.8

163.3156.1

1,270.8

486.6318.2100.4

36.731.4

51.70.10.50.92.02.40.31.20.60.94.4

19.80.00.41.20.70.23.9

11.10.10.20.8

1.0

0.90.60.90.9

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.82.01.40.62.52.01.41.5

0.70

1.22.50.41.30.3

0

1.31.61.31.31.11.5

0.8

0.90.90.91.70.3

0.52.11.31.41.10.42.20.70.20.50.20.40.50.80.4

-0.31.50.90.33.22.4

-0.5

2.1

2.02.01.72.1

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.92.71.82.23.83.02.52.4

2.31.52.53.12.13.21.81.8

2.43.22.32.42.42.4

1.8

2.12.21.82.92.0

2.01.82.01.81.91.71.92.12.12.22.22.31.31.81.81.92.12.31.61.71.21.8

51.6

50.149.945.150.7

52.4

52.4

53.5

67.060.844.460.682.466.961.254.3

54.441.858.359.253.465.551.651.3

54.466.951.556.354.953.3

46.8

52.854.445.261.456.2

49.546.647.542.240.940.441.050.549.051.755.855.948.142.847.347.434.252.338.636.333.355.0

76.4

79.080.881.278.8

74.8

74.8

77.2

73.776.379.572.571.573.674.476.4

73.179.373.876.779.962.580.679.3

73.967.174.075.974.374.7

74.0

76.776.179.372.877.3

73.081.075.775.975.974.580.877.676.273.370.373.473.474.877.074.477.470.970.479.378.079.5

73.5

76.477.678.976.2

71.8

71.8

74.8

70.574.977.167.768.071.371.473.9

70.877.471.273.476.161.177.375.4

70.964.870.473.071.771.8

70.7

73.372.476.270.873.7

70.278.473.772.972.772.378.175.473.270.867.270.975.272.574.372.575.267.866.976.576.776.4

79.2

81.584.183.581.3

77.9

77.9

79.6

76.977.882.077.175.175.977.579.1

75.381.376.680.583.663.983.783.2

77.069.477.778.976.977.7

77.4

80.179.982.474.980.7

75.983.677.879.078.976.883.580.079.376.173.576.071.677.379.976.479.874.273.882.179.282.7

80.5

82.4100.0

80.882.6

79.4

79.6

78.4

57.544.665.165.350.252.757.975.8

70.975.270.276.698.454.689.099.0

78.667.275.668.077.693.7

84.9

88.892.689.362.492.7

44.8100.0

29.947.084.544.9

100.0…

67.339.528.552.214.432.116.949.7…

70.114.094.140.895.6

BI 1-9: countries under 300,000 pop: US Census Bureau, otherwise: UN Population Division estimates. Both agencies are continuously reviewing population projections taking into account the latest census.BI 2-9: lineal interpolation of UN data.

The Americas

North AmericaBermuda

CanadaUnited States of America

Latin America & the Caribbean

Latin America

Mexico

Central American IsthmusBelize

Costa RicaEl SalvadorGuatemalaHondurasNicaragua

Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba

Dominican RepublicFrench Guiana

GuadeloupeHaiti

MartiniquePuerto Rico

Andean AreaBolivia (Plurinational State of)

ColombiaEcuador

PeruVenezuela (Boliviarian Republic of)

Brazil

Southern ConeArgentina

ChileParaguayUruguay

Non-Latin CaribbeanAnguilla

Antigua & BarbudaAruba

BahamasBarbados

Cayman IslandsCuraçao

DominicaGrenadaGuyanaJamaica

MontserratSaint Kitts & Nevis

Saint LuciaSaint Vincent & the Grenadines

Sint Maarten (Dutch part)Suriname

Trinidad & TobagoTurks & Caicos Islands

Virgin Islands (UK)Virgin Islands (US)

mortality indicators

BI 11: (1) 95% confidence intervall.BI 12-13: (a) value 2010; (b) value 2011.BI 10, 12-13: country reported data to PAHO/WHO.

3.6

1.53.30.91.6

5.0

5.0

2.1

6.50.90.9

15.67.1…2.13.5

2.50.84.39.49.4…

11.30.7

2.8…2.29.4…0.6

7.0

7.38.42.6

11.98.4

3.21.51.14.61.72.73.3…1.72.11.4…5.00.69.73.5…8.31.98.2

10.03.0

10maternal mortality ratio

(100,000 lb)

ratio maternal year deaths

13under-five mortality

(1,000 lb)

rate

14 15registered deaths

< 5 due to

ADD ARI (%) (%) year

12 infant mortality rate (1,000 lb)

rate infant year deaths

16ill-defined

and unknown causes of death

(%)c2009

17mortality

under-registration(%)

c2009

67.1

9.0-

9.0…

69.4

69.1

51.5

116.455.323.083.7

158.274.0……

73.840.6

106.316.4………

11.0

80.3…

72.992.693.073.0

67.5

44.743.818.3

100.86.4

100.9…

--

130.958.0

-…

--

…113.3

-150.2

44.857.3…

123.0…

--

…

20092008

2010

20102011201020082010

201120112009

2009

2009201020112009

2010

2010201020102011

201020112009200920102011

20112011

20102011201120082011

2009

20112011

6,069

34-

34…

6,035

5,962

992

6104

1783

344162……

29154

2311

………

5

1,589…510203442434

1,998

482331

46102

3

731--72-

…--

…48

-111

…12

…--

…

62

20…

12 (9-16)21 (18-23)

81

80

50 (44-56)

10153 (33-88)40 (31-50)

81 (55-120)120 (110-140)100 (64-160)

95 (54-170)92 (75-110)

21173 (60-87)

150 (100-210)……

350 (210-610)…

20 (13-31)

98190 (130-290)

92 (80-100)110 (62-180)

67 (42-110)92 (78-110)

56 (36-85)

6777 (67-87)25 (21-29)

99 (60-160)29 (21-39)

112………

47 (28-75)51 (19-140)

………

24 (15-38)280 (180-430)110 (77-170)

……

35 (22-54)48 (30-78)

…130 (89-190)

46 (26-84)………

13.6

7.42.05.87.5

17.3

17.3

16.8

…22.710.4…………

17.8

…6.0…

13.3………8.8

19.3……

20.721.016.9

18.9

12.313.8

8.7…9.5

21.2…

28.0…

22.614.3

6.3…

30.917.3…

22.0-

15.017.023.5…

23.3…

-……

2.1

1.1-

0.31.2

2.7

2.8

2.5

8.06.01.35.6

12.0…4.99.8

1.71.42.22.41.8…

-1.5

3.2…3.12.52.64.3

2.3

1.31.30.33.81.5

2.2------

…--

8.9…

----

…1.81.3

---

4.9

1.6-

1.51.6

6.9

6.9

6.7

16.77.73.0

14.627.1…

10.07.1

4.46.03.84.9

-…4.01.5

8.8…7.7

10.712.8

5.6

5.4

4.23.94.15.46.7

4.0---

11.64.8

-…

--

5.9…

--

4.42.8…4.42.8

---

12.4

6.31.35.16.4

15.6

15.5

14.1

18.920.1

9.1……

24.3…

13.4

17.74.9

26.910.9

8.7…9.38.0

17.3…

20.1…

16.014.4

16.2

11.511.9

7.416.9

8.9

18.9…

20.6…

19.813.4

5.1…

29.910.9…

20.0-

12.014.322.3…

20.3…

-6.0…

201020082009

2010

20112011

2011

2010

2011201120092009

20092009

2009200920112009

2010

2010201020082010

20112009201020102011

20112010

20082011201120082011

2009

201120112009

148,722

28,3241

1,91126,412

120,398

119,034

27,236

7,162145666……

5,441…910

6,962653

5,8426644

……357

18,157…

9,580……

8,577

48,277

11,2408,9611,862

…417

1,364…20

5100

464

…2820

…850

-8

3239

…199…

-2

11

200820092009

2010

2009201020092009

20102009

2010201020092009

20092009

2009201020102009

2010

2010200920102009

201020092010200820082007

201020102009

2010201020082010

20092008200920092009

7.1

1.76.73.01.6

10.4

10.4

0.5

19.019.014.824.712.7…

34.914.4

20.6-

50.98.37.2…9.93.8

23.7…

21.917.442.311.1

6.4

6.44.71.3

33.11.4

10.2-

3.326.510.2

1.529.8…7.51.8

20.3…

----

…10.0

8.234.4

7.61.2

The Americas




Latin America

Mexico



Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba


GuadeloupeHaiti



ColombiaEcuador


Brazil





BahamasBarbados








11maternal

mortality ratio estimated (1) (100,000 lb)

2010

a

b

b

a

b

b


BI 18 - 28: (a) value 2008; (b) value 2009; (c) value 2007.

18Tc 18Ta 18Mc 18Ma 18Fc 18Fageneral mortality rate (all causes)

(1,000 pop) (2010)

total male female corrected adjusted corrected adjusted corrected adjusted

19Tc 19Ta 19Mc 19Ma 19Fc 19Famortality rate from communicable diseases

(100,000 pop) (2010)


7.2

7.97.17.28.0

6.8

6.8

5.8

6.05.64.67.86.0…5.45.8

8.08.77.13.56.4…6.68.9

6.1…6.45.86.15.8

7.5

7.58.25.95.99.9

7.65.64.97.46.38.74.0…8.38.36.8…9.07.97.38.5…6.19.31.74.27.7

49.4

39.656.432.740.4

55.5

55.4

30.2

64.376.019.773.286.9…

34.960.8

55.353.655.425.735.1…

36.666.8

59.1…

39.051.9

120.433.8

62.1

67.785.532.855.155.1

59.26.8

44.439.262.993.821.4…

46.764.075.2…

39.124.050.199.8…

55.652.122.034.623.4

46.1

24.234.017.424.9

59.5

59.5

34.1

77.6105.6

21.480.1

110.2…

42.167.2

46.235.060.932.521.8…

18.346.5

72.0…

46.458.7

149.642.0

66.9

54.664.828.369.936.0

64.18.0

46.532.865.870.819.9…

33.964.9

102.9…

41.520.946.896.3…

63.155.134.837.215.8

52.8

39.667.531.540.5

60.9

60.9

35.3

73.389.623.283.198.3…

41.472.9

61.357.961.731.936.1…

39.478.2

66.6…

46.457.4

130.239.6

67.5

68.384.535.561.656.0

66.914.058.938.376.087.517.5…

40.969.890.1…

-28.160.3

107.9…

65.257.524.142.933.9

53.4

28.548.920.129.4

68.0

67.9

42.4

76.3129.6

26.698.8

131.8…

50.983.6

39.742.569.445.826.6…

23.561.9

79.4…

58.168.5

173.951.4

78.4

68.081.236.481.045.1

81.916.265.738.684.584.417.7…

36.478.8

134.6…

-29.457.6

116.2…

80.570.140.053.024.6

46.2

39.846.034.040.4

50.1

50.1

25.2

55.662.716.064.376.1…

28.548.4

49.349.248.819.534.3…

34.256.3

51.7…

31.946.4

110.627.9

56.9

66.986.330.248.454.1

51.8-

31.240.050.499.825.1…

52.658.160.1…

78.320.040.491.5…

45.947.119.826.814.2

38.3

20.623.715.121.2

49.2

49.2

26.9

64.182.416.565.392.3…

33.951.5

38.028.452.421.917.9…

15.433.9

59.1…

36.049.5

127.533.2

56.6

44.352.821.559.128.9

50.4-

29.829.350.361.220.8…

29.051.276.7…

182.712.138.178.8…

49.344.928.924.1

9.0

7.2

5.85.34.75.9

8.0

8.0

7.2

8.48.85.59.59.3…8.07.1

7.16.48.35.74.9…4.36.9

8.0…8.57.08.07.6

8.7

7.47.96.18.07.7

10.05.45.86.97.98.64.0…7.69.1

12.1…9.18.37.19.3…8.0

12.62.54.76.3

6.1

7.75.57.07.8

5.2

5.2

4.4

4.33.93.55.34.2…4.04.4

6.37.55.12.25.0…5.36.6

4.4…4.74.44.93.6

5.6

6.67.44.94.98.6

5.83.33.84.84.98.32.5…7.87.15.2…6.75.85.67.2…4.66.51.32.85.0

4.7

3.92.83.34.0

5.2

5.2

4.9

5.56.13.75.66.2…5.54.9

4.94.65.83.32.7…2.43.8

5.2…5.54.85.74.5

5.6

4.74.83.86.24.4

5.83.13.93.45.15.42.1…5.26.47.6…

17.05.04.66.3…5.16.31.83.03.1

6.7

7.96.27.17.9

6.0

6.0

5.1

5.14.84.16.55.1…4.75.1

7.18.16.12.95.7…5.97.7

5.3…5.55.15.54.7

6.5

7.07.85.45.49.3

6.74.44.36.05.68.53.3…8.17.76.1…7.86.96.47.9…5.47.91.53.56.3

5.9

4.83.94.04.9

6.5

6.5

6.0

6.97.44.97.47.6…6.66.0

6.05.57.04.43.7…3.25.2

6.5…6.95.96.86.0

7.1

5.86.14.87.15.8

7.64.14.74.86.36.73.0…6.47.79.6…8.96.65.87.8…6.48.82.13.74.5

The Americas




Latin America

Mexico



Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba


GuadeloupeHaiti



ColombiaEcuador


Brazil





BahamasBarbados








abb

b

bb

b

bb

bb

b

b

b

b

b

aac

b

a

babbb


land transport accidents

20Tc 20Ta 20Mc 20Ma 20Fc 20Famortality rate from malignant neoplasms

(100,000 pop) (2010)


21Tc 21Ta 21Mc 21Ma 21Fc 21Famortality rate from external causes

(100,000 pop) (2010)


25sex ratiohomicide

(male to female)2010

22 23 24 corrected mortality rate (2010) (100,000 pop) (100,000 male pop)

129.3

187.1154.3211.2184.5

93.8

93.8

60.8

65.151.190.580.150.9…

56.480.1

142.8198.0

86.647.9

125.7…

168.1135.2

86.6…

91.874.699.771.1

101.0

138.0143.0133.5

78.2219.3

97.7115.1

80.6137.7106.4179.2

64.3…

178.5145.6

52.6…

19.5110.2109.0113.2

…65.6

106.919.576.1

103.1

109.8

119.694.5

124.7119.1

103.7

103.7

73.7

93.793.8

103.797.590.2…

88.197.5

116.6137.6106.0

87.083.3…

92.891.1

112.9…

120.792.2

128.095.6

110.7

118.1118.5120.0112.4144.0

106.8112.4

89.6104.3123.9146.1

56.4…

143.2144.8

85.1…

33.2108.8101.4113.1

…80.6

121.432.181.666.0

135.8

198.5156.5224.4195.6

97.3

97.2

60.4

62.959.896.469.447.8…

54.083.5

162.0226.3

93.559.4

152.6…

196.8159.0

84.3…

88.072.496.572.2

106.8

148.1154.6140.2

76.8256.6

105.6181.7100.7143.0107.3203.4

78.9…

234.2161.7

46.2…

39.0116.5124.4147.6

…69.8

116.214.578.6

119.5

127.4

142.4110.3146.5142.0

118.1

118.0

79.5

97.0113.6120.4

91.890.3…

91.1109.2

139.1167.0117.8126.2112.1

…123.3118.0

121.5…

130.696.4

134.7106.8

129.1

147.4149.0145.0119.4197.7

140.2181.4120.8129.4156.9202.7

71.0…

212.0171.7

95.4…

60.0129.3123.8164.0

…96.7

174.427.992.580.2

123.0

176.1152.3198.3173.7

90.4

90.4

61.2

67.342.684.589.954.0…

58.876.7

123.7169.4

79.636.4

101.7…

143.0113.2

88.9…

95.576.8

103.070.1

95.2

128.3131.8127.0

79.5184.6

89.952.562.3

132.9105.5156.5

50.3…

121.9129.2

58.7…

-104.0

93.177.9…

61.398.224.773.888.5

97.2

102.985.5

108.3102.3

93.7

93.7

70.2

91.977.190.1

102.091.1…

87.188.1

97.9113.2

95.161.262.4…

71.871.2

107.1…

114.489.5

123.887.3

96.7

100.998.3

103.0108.1107.7

88.455.865.890.0

107.5115.7

42.5…

92.9122.9

81.9…

-92.581.576.0…

69.095.837.974.956.7

69.0

57.340.146.458.5

76.5

76.5

60.5

83.873.048.5

130.190.7…

60.760.7

73.463.691.854.653.1…

30.961.1

101.3…

105.684.5…

102.9

82.7

49.645.748.171.860.7

76.913.537.460.260.228.947.1…

75.539.086.3…

39.180.235.150.9…

79.1102.8

29.331.193.7

66.3

49.040.635.150.5

77.5

77.4

62.9

96.285.149.1

136.4113.9

…67.962.9

67.747.197.266.247.2…

24.656.7

103.3…

107.988.6…

103.4

82.1

47.743.645.575.752.7

77.912.739.052.059.826.044.8…

72.139.6

102.0…

49.379.731.750.4…

83.596.730.129.1

101.8

107.9

78.564.460.080.5

127.0

127.0

100.7

141.6122.8

76.1226.3156.3

…98.9

102.6

108.176.9

147.580.684.6…

43.9106.0

175.6…

185.8136.2

…179.3

137.1

76.370.075.9

107.890.2

124.528.058.9

108.8101.8

48.170.1…

117.157.0

131.1…

78.0132.5

48.783.3…

118.5173.6

43.457.2

167.3

106.9

70.665.949.572.9

130.5

130.5

106.3

168.6145.1

77.6247.9205.1

…112.2106.7

105.362.6

157.499.982.3…

39.2102.1

180.2…

191.7145.0

…179.6

136.8

75.869.374.2

114.284.5

128.826.562.398.4

103.344.468.7…

114.659.3

159.6…

111.4129.9

49.582.6…

128.5165.1

47.552.1

200.3

31.0

36.817.233.137.2

27.3

27.3

21.3

28.024.620.142.928.3…

23.318.3

38.850.235.328.424.8…

19.519.5

27.9…

27.832.5…

25.9

30.0

23.822.420.935.233.2

30.8-

17.816.420.510.925.1…

33.220.640.8…

-28.022.115.6…

39.436.014.8

6.728.3

27.3

27.915.220.928.7

26.9

26.9

21.8

31.026.619.943.234.0…

26.218.9

30.431.137.034.417.3…

12.514.7

29.0…

28.833.3…

27.1

29.7

20.919.418.236.723.4

30.6-

18.813.420.0

8.722.5…

27.219.347.0…

-28.914.914.2…

40.834.214.1

8.422.9

8.3

11.91.5

11.512.0

6.0

6.0

4.3

6.54.96.7

10.23.6…

10.45.5

9.213.8

4.66.28.5…6.48.8

5.5…6.67.9…2.6

5.6

8.97.3

12.75.6

15.4

12.4--

6.71.20.4

-…2.7

-20.8…

-4.0

-4.8…

25.215.0

2.4-

8.4

16.5

11.725.2

7.312.2

19.7

19.7

14.4

10.716.713.124.5

2.1…

14.313.0

18.68.5

33.211.112.4…7.2

11.4

22.8…

19.528.4…

25.4

25.1

14.011.813.029.514.4

15.313.5

2.318.214.1

1.125.7…9.65.6

15.8…

-16.0

-4.8…

21.420.4

9.86.9

15.0

33.1

8.0-

2.58.6

49.5

49.5

39.1

67.549.118.3

143.477.3…

23.642.5

23.96.7

36.116.0

7.4…4.2

48.0

82.4…

109.236.8…

63.3

54.1

9.97.69.6

25.28.6

39.1--

8.142.330.6

4.4…

38.1-

14.3…

-48.2

3.822.7…

10.779.3

9.6-

95.6

7.4

3.7-

3.23.8

9.8

9.8

9.8

8.87.67.98.28.6…

10.110.1

7.52.79.74.56.0…3.0

17.0

13.1…

11.310.7…

17.1

9.8

6.96.18.48.45.2

7.1--

…10.3

6.40.7…6.9

-3.8…

-…3.1

11.7…4.09.7…

-27.0

male homicidesuicide

mortality indicators 26Tc 26Ta 26Mc 26Ma 26Fc 26Fa

mortality rate from diabetes mellitus(100,000 pop) (2010)


28Tc 28Ta 28Mc 28Ma 28Fc 28Famortality rate from cerebrovascular diseases

(100,000 pop) (2010)


27Tc 27Ta 27Mc 27Ma 27Fc 27Famortality rate from ischemic heart diseases

(100,000 pop) (2010)


30.9

22.232.620.622.4

36.3

36.0

71.7

29.042.616.531.529.1…

37.625.1

31.823.825.8

9.329.3…

25.874.7

21.8…

17.631.914.430.9

30.8

21.519.919.237.720.8

65.247.438.530.624.688.9

-…

53.692.746.3…

293.176.252.062.4…

29.2106.7

2.424.242.2

32.2

13.717.111.114.0

43.5

43.3

89.6

46.378.819.139.253.9…

63.831.4

26.916.231.817.916.7…

12.449.1

29.7…

24.240.419.143.5

34.3

19.915.717.057.312.5

75.844.242.724.229.868.0

-…

38.791.879.5…

307.677.245.462.5…

36.4124.3

4.327.027.1

29.5

23.021.521.723.1

33.5

33.5

69.6

24.131.215.123.425.3…

31.220.0

29.418.025.0

5.326.4…

25.380.1

20.1…

14.528.514.630.1

26.8

20.820.119.129.619.9

63.128.041.838.319.073.6

-…

35.479.043.3…

233.984.350.051.1…

29.5111.2

-14.327.9

33.4

16.514.813.816.8

43.8

43.5

93.0

41.261.618.832.549.1…

56.626.7

26.913.331.4

9.918.6…

14.960.3

29.6…

22.338.420.845.2

33.0

22.019.319.847.414.9

89.928.552.136.026.472.9

-…

31.489.786.5…

208.293.048.756.8…

41.1163.2

-17.821.1

32.3

21.443.119.521.6

38.9

38.7

73.7

33.753.617.938.932.7…

43.930.3

34.229.726.513.331.8…

26.269.8

23.5…

20.535.414.231.7

34.7

22.119.619.346.021.5

67.265.735.623.729.9

103.2-

…72.0

106.849.1…

352.564.053.974.0…

28.9102.4

4.933.654.9

42.5

41.941.641.941.9

42.9

42.8

27.8

25.429.525.920.619.0…

30.251.4

69.887.065.215.147.2…

50.538.8

31.8…

37.025.923.135.1

55.6

49.547.147.949.785.8

61.727.122.252.644.753.310.7…

67.377.979.3…

19.596.263.374.8…

67.362.6

-10.439.4

38.4

22.622.220.422.8

48.1

47.9

33.8

38.057.129.423.435.2…

50.564.1

58.855.479.328.927.6…

24.823.0

43.5…

51.232.229.750.7

61.3

41.735.941.275.947.1

78.326.325.241.754.141.3

9.9…

47.976.7

147.0…

19.883.154.074.3…

85.774.2

-9.5

23.7

39.3

34.452.234.934.3

42.4

42.3

26.8

24.530.526.418.118.7…

28.648.9

69.083.566.916.848.1…

59.836.1

30.4…

33.024.924.035.6

56.2

48.346.747.248.175.1

63.328.024.658.448.449.621.9…

62.680.878.0…

-84.368.058.7…

65.668.1

-14.343.8

42.0

23.335.821.223.5

53.5

53.2

36.4

40.261.933.423.037.4…

52.966.5

63.459.584.135.234.5…

36.925.4

46.0…

51.633.533.256.0

69.7

49.744.849.079.054.3

98.527.330.757.469.649.722.9…

54.890.9

173.0…

-87.762.567.6…

96.4106.9

-15.228.6

45.6

49.231.648.849.2

43.4

43.3

28.9

26.328.425.422.919.4…

31.753.9

70.490.463.313.346.3…

42.441.2

33.1…

40.927.022.134.6

55.0

50.647.548.651.495.7

60.026.320.047.341.056.7

-…

72.074.980.1…

39.2108.0

58.889.5…

69.157.3

-6.7

35.4

35.3

21.713.719.521.9

43.7

43.5

31.7

36.252.225.923.733.6…

48.461.8

54.451.674.323.221.8…

15.620.9

41.1…

50.530.826.445.7

54.5

35.529.235.272.941.9

65.125.120.832.743.035.7

-…

42.366.1

128.1…

110.480.646.276.7…

77.855.6

-4.8

19.9

72.7

111.174.793.3

113.0

49.2

49.0

53.0

37.934.246.650.722.8…

50.047.9

102.0136.3

84.20.9

16.5…

15.076.6

46.1…

65.912.919.756.6

47.0

39.239.533.741.058.9

67.426.351.223.749.243.721.0…

63.769.368.1…

156.748.036.8

116.8…

31.699.9

4.913.481.4

82.9

123.795.0

106.6125.6

57.5

57.3

60.7

41.436.755.353.025.1…

51.255.5

114.3147.7

96.45.3

23.1…

22.790.8

53.8…

72.915.823.472.5

56.1

48.148.043.050.272.3

79.927.154.946.949.556.442.8…

50.877.079.0…

195.450.137.6

100.8…

44.6121.2

9.831.1

105.0

67.5

69.355.455.370.8

66.4

66.1

74.0

60.668.463.661.646.9…

86.369.3

94.894.9

117.610.315.2…

11.956.8

74.7…

101.719.731.0

102.7

62.0

41.337.137.875.943.0

96.525.261.335.960.944.837.7…

38.176.3

137.1…

229.146.631.496.0…

54.5141.6

13.731.865.1

92.9

136.7116.6120.1138.5

66.1

65.9

68.7

45.239.263.855.427.7…

52.563.0

126.6159.0108.5

9.730.5…

31.6106.1

61.6…

80.118.727.088.3

65.5

57.456.852.659.286.6

92.828.058.972.549.770.065.7…

38.184.589.6…

233.952.238.585.2…

57.5143.7

14.550.0

131.5

88.1

94.083.675.596.0

84.5

84.1

93.1

72.276.980.472.555.8…

98.384.2

114.1114.3136.4

21.023.1…

20.077.8

94.2…

125.925.339.1

133.7

79.5

59.054.753.994.165.6

133.425.273.566.970.669.363.7…

34.293.2

177.0…

216.654.437.198.1…

77.1209.6

20.451.286.4

50.3

49.136.338.150.3

51.0

50.9

57.6

50.860.748.153.239.5…

76.055.3

76.977.199.0

2.18.7…5.8

40.1

58.2…

82.314.623.874.9

47.2

27.423.724.658.726.4

70.126.649.815.752.628.317.1…

39.160.8

105.9…

337.342.325.890.9…

35.297.0

7.214.446.6

31.1

11.318.2

8.811.6

43.2

43.0

86.6

50.695.719.244.158.1…

69.835.4

26.918.832.023.814.9…

10.640.1

29.5…

25.641.917.541.7

35.0

18.413.114.766.210.8

67.856.136.516.131.664.2

-…

44.893.174.7…

955.261.842.368.6…

32.0101.3

7.237.130.7

31malaria

risk areaspop (%)

2010

32malaria

API(1,000 pop)

2010

34denguereported

cases

2011

33malariareported

cases

2010

35aids

incidence rate(100,000 pop)

2010

37proportion of

low birthweight(<2,500 g) (%)

2009-11, lay

36sex ratio

aids cases(male to female)2010

29 30tuberculosis

incidence rate(100,000 pop)

2010total 1 SS+

BI 29: 1 new and relapse cases.BI 31-36: (a) value 2009; (b) refers to Amazonas Region; (c) 2;0; (d) 1:0; (e) value 2011; (*) imported cases.BI 33: refers to moderate and high risk except SLV, HTI, ARG, GUY (total population at risk).

morbidity indicators

23.0

3.61.53.93.6

34.2

34.4

17.3

29.446.510.527.523.137.842.342.5

55.27.3

39.9……

142.3…2.1

48.184.024.733.4

106.921.9

38.2

18.818.013.935.320.7

19.46.86.95.79.02.18.03.5

11.03.7

94.44.7

-4.05.6

14.47.9

37.016.313.9

3.4…

12.6

1.21.51.11.2

19.2

19.3

11.1

17.531.1

5.715.714.724.224.920.1

31.54.1

21.7……

82.5…1.0

28.356.515.223.359.411.2

19.5

10.19.86.7

20.410.9

10.7-

6.93.85.52.14.03.5

11.03.7

43.12.8

-4.05.67.77.9

24.810.1

6.93.4…

9.0

----

14.2

14.2

0.3

12.011.0

1.024.415.014.8

1.34.4

29.6-

4.385.5

-99.3

--

12.914.914.5

3.18.6

18.6

25.8

0.60.5

-3.5

-

10.9---------

92.6------

14.9----

b

5.2

----

8.2

8.2

3.7

3.81.51.8

03.18.17.11.8

3.4-

3.58.1

-8.5

--

11.89.3

17.32.6

12.18.4

13.1

0.20.4

-0.1

-

4.0---------

32.8------

6.9----

b

678,634

1,691……

1,691

676,943

653,441

1,226

18,281150114

247,1989,685

692418

88,2617

2,4821,599

884,153

75

212,22713,769

117,6371,888

33,77845,155

333,339

10772

327

5

23,502-1

…121

…1-

22,93512

-1121

544………

-

*

*, a

*

**

*

*

*

***

*

*

****

1,086,234

81-7

1,086,226

1,075,491

67,918

62,4351,093

13,85420,836

2,5858,297

11,8883,882

9,039…

2,342667101…275

5,654

128,90826,68133,207

7,65929,81031,551

764,032

43,159213

142,945

-

10,73597

3,423213751

21,731

4087

1,285500

447

75847

172369

1,2431433

…

10.1

10.18.80.7

11.1

10.0

10.0

5.1

14.362.9

3.8…

18.48.3…

20.2

…6.8………………

4.12.33.19.13.8…

17.6

3.73.04.25.07.5

18.2…

--

76.420.7

8.0…2.7

17.619.4…

19.512.216.231.7……5.2

29.3-

…

aa

a

e

a

a

a

2.9

3.1…4.33.0

2.8

2.8

4.3

1.91.84.4…1.31.4…2.6

…5.0………………

2.71.82.72.53.2…

1.7

3.52.86.02.32.6

1.6………1.32.50.3…

-1.71.5…

-2.01.72.0……1.7………

aa

a

e

a

a

c

d

8.5

8.08.26.18.2

8.7

8.6

8.5

10.98.37.08.7

11.415.0

8.38.8

7.55.37.2

12.39.4…

12.912.4

8.8…9.08.46.9

10.6

8.4

6.97.25.8…8.3

12.617.0

6.07.7

12.111.0

9.6…

11.010.010.213.9…

12.510.1……

14.0…8.75.09.5

The Americas




Latin America

Mexico



Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba


GuadeloupeHaiti



ColombiaEcuador

PeruVenezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Brazil





BahamasBarbados








ofghtt(%%)

ayy

Cholera, 2011cases

1191

20,851340,311

14296

361,313

countryBHS*BRA*CAN*CHL*DOM***HTIMEXUSA**VEN*

total* imported** 40 imported, 1 unknown*** 45 imported

deaths0000

3562,869

000

3,225

Source:

PAHO/WHO

Technical Projects.

As of 15 June 2012

So Sourcurcee:

Yellow Fever, 2011country

BOLPER

total

cases2

13

15

deaths26

8

Yellow Fever 2011

Measles, 2011 country

ARGBRACANCHLCOLDOMECUFRGGDLJAMMEXMTQPANUSA

total

cases3

43759

662

2635

131334

222

1,333

cases imported orrelated to importation

41hospitalbeds per

1,000 pop

2009-11, lay

38 39 40human resources per 10,000 pop

physicians nurses dentists c2009 c2009 c2009

42A

public 2011

42B

private2011

under 1 year of age 1 year of age

BI 42 - 48: (a) value 2008; (b) value 2010; (c ) value 2009; (d) value 2011; (e) value June 2010-July 2011BI 42: (1) institutional expenditure; (2) functional expenditure; (3) includes 'obras sociales' (ARG), EPS (COL), ISAPRES (CHL), ARS (DOM), IAMC (URY); (4) includes private health insurance.BI 45-48: (f) children aged 19-35 months; (g) < 2 years of age; (h) polio 2, as per country schedule; (j) <1 year; (*) reported coverage > 100%.

20.7

25.7…

23.326.0

17.2

17.3

22.0

11.87.0

18.620.1

9.93.0…

13.4

41.066.314.917.526.4…

26.2…

13.34.9

16.516.9

9.3…

15.1

16.7…

15.813.029.0

10.68.5………

13.027.0…

17.07.66.9

10.4……8.06.0…8.9

13.3………

4.3

4.7…5.84.6

3.9

3.9

1.7

3.40.48.78.11.70.3…2.8

6.010.3

1.92.04.3…4.3…

1.40.7…2.31.2…

5.5

6.2…6.0…7.0

2.22.0……2.22.46.5…2.92.10.42.8……1.61.9…1.02.2………

64

6254

…62

66

66

37

62…827254

…..

52

617873

……32

……

……61

…74

…

87

5043

…7977

…87

……………………4372

……………48

…………

48

MMR1

47

BCG

49contraceptiveuse (women,all methods)

(%)2008-11, lay

45

DPT3+Hib

46

Polio3

immunization coverage (%) , 2011national health expenditure as a % of GDP

43

antenatal(at least4 visits)

44

at birth year

health care bytrained personnel (%)

201120102009

2010

2011201120092010

20102010

2011200920102008

20092009

20112010201020102011

2010

2010201020102011

201020102009201020112011

20112011200920102011201120102011

2010

201120112008

94

92879892

94

94

98

9298839087

100100

97

77100

88……58

……

908488949686

100

9295917795

9197

100…909383

…99

1009888

100100

91100…85929197

…

ge, f

**

*

j

*

b

*

*

*

96

nananana

96

96

99

9398789189

100100100

9299

100…na82na

…

909083

1009195

100

95100

917699

99100

nananana75

…100

na97

100100

99100100

nanana98

100na

**

*

j

*

*

*

b

*

*

*

94

94969994

93

93

97

9195828986

100100

91

85100

84……79

……

868285

1009178

100

9193937595

93100

99…979188

…100

959393

10099

100969586918892

…

ge, f

**

h

j

*

*

b

*

95.5

99.499.0

100.099.3

93.7

93.7

97.4

67.694.7

100.084.952.3…

74.092.7

98.299.996.999.199.3…

99.9100.0

90.672.495.070.394.798.1

99.0

98.899.499.894.999.0

93.3100.0100.0100.0

99.0100.0100.0

…100.0100.0

95.890.1

100.0100.0

98.598.8…

93.0…

92.0100.0

99.3

90.8

97.499.0…

97.4

87.3

87.3

85.8

78.9…

87.075.3……

70.094.1

98.9100.0

…85.8………

98.0

75.558.588.6…

92.247.0

99.0

75.2……

70.391.0

86.5100.0100.0

…86.089.092.5………

95.7…

100.0…

99.0……

67.0…

92.0…

95.2

bd

d

d

c

c

6.93.35.6

3.1

1.33.16.74.93.24.52.7

…4.6……3.7……

1.61.54.12.32.4

4.1

3.23.43.15.2

2.70.6…3.24.3……2.63.02.12.71.02.52.70.9…0.42.7………

a4b

4

444444

4

4

4

44

b

c

4

b

7.67.99.9

3.0

1.04.33.72.03.64.63.9

10.52.8…2.1………

2.13.53.92.7…

3.1

6.25.04.34.5

4.23.1…2.94.61.7…3.42.92.12.5

11.12.22.63.5……3.22.41.61.4

a, 22b, 2

2

b, 122222b, 2

c, 11, 3

b

2c, 2, 322

2

b, 2, 32, 31c, 2, 3

c, 11

12b, 1

11b, 1b, 21111

2b11

2.4

3.05.33.23.0

2.1

2.1

1.7

1.01.11.21.00.70.71.12.4

3.55.11.72.85.8…4.13.0

1.31.11.41.61.50.9

2.3

3.54.52.01.33.0

2.42.12.12.83.16.62.7…3.83.52.01.85.84.81.62.7…3.12.10.71.8…

94

95989595

93

93

97

9095858985

100100

87

87100

84……85

……

868285

1009178

100

9193947695

92100

99…959175

…98949392

10098

100969286908792

…

ge, f

**

*

j

*

b

resources, access & coverage indicators

43.1

85.8…

93.085.0

13.9

13.9

25.4

8.510.119.1

5.19.02.0…

12.3

51.894.7

2.948.761.2…

81.7…

8.05.58.06.59.5…

7.1

12.7…

15.19.08.0

16.024.2……

27.542.059.0…

51.043.910.1

8.0……

19.024.0…

16.320.4………

The Americas




Latin America

Mexico



Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba


GuadeloupeHaiti



ColombiaEcuador


Brazil





BahamasBarbados








L

B

V

51calories

availability (Kcal/pc/day)

2009

53annual GDP

growth(%)

2010-11

50Mliterate population

(15+years old) (%)2010

male

52A

currentvalue

52B

pppvalue

gross national income (US$ per capita), 2011

54highest 20%/ lowest 20% income ratio

2008-11, lay

56T

total

55T

total

55R

rural

55U

urban

56U

urban

56R

rural

population (%) using improved50T

total

50F

female

drinking watersources, 2010

sanitationfacilities, 2010

91.3

…………

91.3

91.3

93.1

83.2…

96.284.575.284.8…

94.1

81.199.889.5……

48.7…

90.4

93.691.293.491.9…

95.5

90.3

97.697.898.693.998.1

……

99.096.8…………………

86.6……………

94.798.8………

91.9

…………

91.9

92.0

94.4

85.9…

95.987.180.684.8…

94.7

82.399.889.4……

53.4…

89.8

94.295.893.393.3…

95.7

90.2

97.797.898.694.897.6

……

98.496.9…………………

81.6……………

95.499.2………

90.8

…………

90.8

90.8

91.9

80.9…

96.482.370.384.7…

93.5

80.099.889.7……

44.6…

91.0

92.986.893.590.5…

95.4

90.4

97.597.898.592.998.5

……

99.496.7…………………

91.4……………

94.098.4………

3,203

3,6592,7163,3993,688

2,935

2,937

3,146

2,5122,6802,8862,5742,2442,6942,5172,606

2,5983,2582,491

……

1,979……

2,6572,1722,7172,2672,5633,014

3,173

2,8712,9182,9082,5182,808

2,760…

2,373…

2,7503,021

……

3,1472,4562,7182,807

…2,5462,7102,914

…2,5482,751

………

23,154

48,164…

45,56048,450

8,582

8,597

9,240

3,5083,6907,6603,4802,8701,9701,1707,910

5,1925,4605,240

……700…

16,560

6,7492,0406,1104,1405,500

11,920

10,720

9,8309,740

12,2802,970

11,860

8,511…

12,060…

21,97012,660

……

7,0907,2202,9004,980

…12,480

6,6806,100

…7,640

15,040………

25,309

47,994…

39,83048,890

11,753

11,773

15,120

6,2386,070

11,9506,6904,8003,8402,840

14,740

5,325…

9,490……

1,190……

9,9154,9209,6408,310

10,16012,620

11,500

15,68617,25016,160

5,31014,740

12,752…

15,670…

29,85018,850

……

12,46010,530

3,4607,770

…14,490

9,08010,560

…7,710

24,940………

…

…………

16.7

16.7

11.4

20.2…

14.514.3…

29.7…

17.1

……

11.3……………

17.827.920.112.513.5…

20.6

12.411.313.517.310.4

…………………………………………………………

3.3

1.8-1.92.51.7

4.3

4.3

3.9

4.12.04.21.53.93.44.7

10.6

3.32.14.5……5.6…

-2.1

5.65.15.94.86.94.2

2.7

7.58.96.04.05.7

0.9…

-4.2…1.6

-5.3……1.11.14.41.3…

-0.10.7

-…4.1

-1.4………

a

c

cb

c

c

96

99…100

99

94

94

96

9098978892878593

839486

……69

……

9088929485

…

98

94…9686

100

94……100…100

96………9493

1009996

……9294

10098

…

99

100…100100

98

98

97

9798

1009498959897

909687

…9885

100…

9696999691

…

100

98989999

100

98…95

10098

10096

…96979898

1009998

……9798

10098

…

86

95…9994

82

81

91

8299917687796883

718984

……51

……

7371728965

…

85

71…7566

100

91……100…100…………9388

1009995

……8193

10098

…

87

100…100100

79

79

85

7790958778775269

649183

……17

……

7227779271

…

79

90…9671

100

85………100100

96……978480969665

……8392

…100…

91

100…100100

84

84

87

8393958987856375

749487

…952495

…

7935829681

…

85

97…9890

100

86…98

…100100

96……968878969671

……909298

100…

73

99…9999

60

59

79

6887968370693751

488175

……10

……

5310638437

…

44

60…834099

85………100100………97828296966396

…6692

…100…

BI 50-56: (a) value 2008; (b) value 2009; (c ) value 2010; (d) value 2009-2010, (e) value 2008-2009.

socioeconomic indicators

The Americas




Latin America

Mexico



Panama

Latin CaribbeanCuba


GuadeloupeHaiti



ColombiaEcuador


Brazil





BahamasBarbados





SurinameSint Maarten (Dutch part)



a

b

b

b

b

d

d

d

e

c

c

a

b

b

b

b

a

b

b

b

b

cb

c

c

bbbbbb

Mortality data from homicides1 and land transport accidents2 among those in ages 10 to 49 years during 1999 to 2009 in the Americas were used for analysis. Within this population, nearly 1,153,800 and 925,700 people died from homicide and land transport accidents, respectively.

Throughout the Region, the age-adjusted mortality rates3 from homicides remained relatively stable, varying from 21.0 per 100,000 pop in 1999 to 22.2 per 100,000 pop in 2009. However, significant subregional differences were observed during the study period (Figure 1). The highest rates were found in the Andean subregion, Brazil and Central America, with mean values of 56.4, 35.8, and 28.6 per 100,000 pop, respectively. In the Andean subregion, rates experienced a decrease starting in 2002 influenced by the rates in Colombia. In contrast, Central America had an increase that started in 2003, heavily influenced by El Salvador’s data. Noteworthy, rates in Mexico have risen sharply since 2008. On the other hand, North America and the Southern Cone had the lowest and very similar rates of 8.0 and 7.9 per 100,000 pop, respectively. The relative risk of dying by subregion was estimated4 using the Southern Cone homicide mortality rate as baseline. The likelihood of dying in the Andean subregion was 5.4 times greater with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of 4.6 to 6.5, in Brazil of 4.7 (95% CI, 3.9-5.6) and in Central America 4.0 (95% CI, 3.3-4.8). Compared to women, men had an average mortality risk 9.4 times higher in the Region (95% CI, 8.0-11.1). The age groups 20 to 29, 30 to 39, and 40 to 49 years had mortality rates with average values of 37.5, 25.0, and 16.1 per 100,000 pop respectively, with a statistically significant higher risk than the group of 10 to 19 years (13.6 per 100,000 pop).

The highest age-adjusted mortality rates from land transport accidents (Figure 2) were observed in Brazil and the Andean subregion with mean values of 20.0 per 100,000 pop; in contrast, the lowest rates were found in the Latin Caribbean and the Southern Cone with mean values of 11.6 and 12.0 per 100,000 pop, respectively. Men showed higher death rates than women, with a risk 4.2 times higher (95% CI, 3.9-4.5). Mortality rates in the age groups 10 to 19, 20 to 29, 30 to 39, and 40 to 49 years had mean values of 11.9, 24.1, 19.6, and 19.3 per 100,000, respectively.

Mortality from land transport accidents and homicides might be associated5 with economic, educational, political, social, and cultural factors. Also, they overburden the health care systems and pose a high cost on society, in addition to the suffering of the victims and their families6. In several countries of the Region the proportion of population in productive ages regarding the number of the youngest and the oldest are increasing, favoring their economic growth. The negative potential impact of these deaths over this “demographic bonus” is an important call to countries for action given the preventability of these outcomes.

preventable deaths: violenceand accidents in the americas

Notes and references:Homicide = ICD-10: codes X85-Y09Land Transport Accidents = ICD-10: codes V01-V89Mortality rates may be underestimated due to data quality problems such as the proportion of deaths that have not been registered and the proportion of violent deaths and accidental deaths of unknown intention.Based on Negative Binominal Regression Model that allows the estimation while accounting for the variation within the subregions.Briceño-Leon R. Villaveces A., Concha-Eastman A.: Understanding the uneven distribution of the incidence of homicide in Latin America. International Journal of Epidemiology 2008; 37:751-757.Pan American Health Organization. “Informe sobre el estado de seguridad vial en las Américas”. Washington DC, 2009. Spanish only. Accessed 31 August, 2012.(http://www.bvsde.paho.org/texcom/cd045364/SeguridadVialAmericas.pdf)

1

2

3

4

5

6

legend:

150

100

50

0

150

100

50

0

Andean Area

Mexico Non-Latin Caribbean

Central America

North America Southern Cone

2000 2004 2008

Latin CaribbeanBrazil

2000 2004 2008 2000 2004 2008 2000 2004 2008

Andean Area

Mexico Non-Latin Caribbean

Central America

North America Southern Cone

2000 2004 2008

Latin CaribbeanBrazil

2000 2004 2008 2000 2004 2008 2000 2004 2008

45

30

15

0

45

30

15

0

female male total

Figure 1: Age-adjusted mortality rate from homicide (10-49 years), 1999-2009, by subregions

Figure 2: Age-adjusted mortality rate from land transport accidents (10-49 years), 1999-2009, by subregions

R

ate pe

r 100

,000 p

op

Rate

per 1

00,00

0 pop

technical notes & sources

Technical notes:Maternal mortality ratio, infant mortality rate, and under 5 mortality (BI 10, 12, 13) are reported by countries; an increase may reflect an improvement in data coverage and quality.Certified deaths due to ill-defined and unknown conditions (BI 16) refer to death certificates issued in a given year for which the underlying cause of death was symptoms, signs, and other ill-defined and unknown conditions (ICD-10: R00-R99). Mortality under-registration (BI 17) is determined by subtracting from 1 the total deaths registered in a country-period divided by the correspond-ing total estimated deaths, obtained after applying the UN estimated crude death rates to the corresponding population estimates by the UN. Corrected mortality rates (BI 18–BI 28) are computed based on registered mortality data, applying a correction algorithm for mortality under-registration and a redistribution algorithm for deaths from ill-defined causes. The methodology used is presented in Health Statistics from the Americas, 2006 edition (http://www.paho.org/HSA2006). Observed rates are presented for two groups of countries. For countries with high quality data (proportion of under-registration and ill-defined causes of death under 10%) and for countries without inputs for correction. Age-adjusted mortality rates are computed by direct standardization to the WHO World Standard Population (http://www.who.int/healthinfo/paper31.pdf).Malaria risk areas population (BI 31) shows the proportion of the total population in a country living in high and moderate malaria transmission risk areas. Moderate risk: API between 1 to 10/1,000 pop; high risk: API > 10/1,000 pop. National Health Expenditure (BI 42AB): Public expenditure (BI 42A) corresponds to general government expenditure in the function ‘health’ (Division 07) of the Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG); Private expenditure (BI 42B) is based on the weight of ‘health’ in the Consumer Price Index (CPI) of the country. For more information, visit: www.paho.org/Spanish/DPM/SHD/HP/nhexp-metodos.htm.Antenatal care visits by trained personnel (BI 43) refer to ‘four or more visits’.

Two new countries are included, Curaçao and Sint Maarten (Dutch part); the Netherlands Antilles have been removed.

The regional and subregional aggregates for rates, ratios and proportions are weighted averages, and sums for absolute numbers.

Information presented in this publication supersedes that of previous editions and is under ongoing review. Users are advised not to compare data series between different editions. Data sources were defined to ensure comparability; therefore, statistics in this publication presented here can differ from national statistics.

Map:Data from PAHO/WHO Regional Mortality Information System, 2012 and HSD/HA analysis. External causes of death (ICD-10:V01-Y89).

Suggested citation:Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO), Health Information and Analysis Project (HSD/HA). Health Situation in the Americas: Basic Indicators 2012. Washington, DC, United States of America, 2012.

Data sources:PAHO/WHO Country Representatives and National Authorities. Data provided by Member States through basic indicators online data entry tool. Washington DC, 2012. As of 15 June 2012. (BI 10, 12, 13, 37-41, 43, 44, 49)PAHO/WHO Technical Projects. Data provided through basic indicators online data entry tool. Washington DC, 2012. As of 15 June 2012. (BI 29-36, 38-40, 42 AB, 45-48)United Nations Population Division. World Population Prospects: The 2010 Revision, New York; 2011. (BI 1-6, 8, 9)U.S. Bureau of the Census. International Data Base. June 2012 release (http://www.census.gov/ipc/www/idb/). (BI 1-6, 8, 9)World Health Organization (WHO). World Health Statistics 2012. Geneva, 2012. (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications). (BI 11)United Nations Population Division. World Urbanization Prospects: The 2011Revision, New York; 2012. (BI 7)PAHO/WHO. Regional Mortality Information System; Washington DC; 2012. As of 15 June 2012. (BI 14-28)UNESCO. Institute for Statistics (UIS). Data Centre, UIS Estimates. Accessed 13 June 2012. (http://www.stats.uis.unesco.org). (BI 50)Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), FAOSTAT, Rome 2012. Accessed 10 July 2012. (http://apps.fao.org). (BI 51)The World Bank. World Development Indicators 2012. Washington, D.C. Accessed 26 July 2012 (www.data.worldbank.org/data-catalog).(BI 52-54)WHO/UNICEF. Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation. Accessed 21 June 2012.(http://www.wssinfo.org/datamining/tables.html). (BI 55-56)

Symbols and abbreviations:(-) magnitude zero; (0) magnitude less than half the measurement unit; (...) data not available; (c) circa; (pop) population; (lb) live births; (lay) latest available year; (ppp) purchasing power parity; (GDP) gross domestic product; (ADD) acute diarrheal diseases: CIE-10: A00-A09; (ARI) acute respiratory infections: CIE-10: J00-J22; (SS+) sputum smear positive; (API) annual parasite index; (aids) acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; (DPT3-Hib3) diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-Haemophilus influenzae type b, third dose; (Polio 3) oral polio vaccine or inactivated polio vaccine, third dose; (BCG) anti-tuberculosis vaccine (bacille Calmette-Guerin); (MMR1) measles, mumps and rubella, first dose; (n/a) not applicable; (BI) basic indicator.

Country territory codes according to ISO 3166-1:Aruba (ABW), Anguilla (AIA), Argentina (ARG), Antigua and Barbuda (ATG), Bahamas (BHS), Belize (BLZ), Bermuda (BMU), Bolivia (BOL), Brazil (BRA), Barbados (BRB), Canada (CAN), Chile (CHL), Colombia (COL), Costa Rica (CRI), Cuba (CUB), Curaçao (CUW), Cayman Islands (CYM), Dominica (DMA), Dominican Republic (DOM), Ecuador (ECU), Guadeloupe (GLP), Grenada (GRD), Guatemala (GTM), French Guiana (GUF), Guyana (GUY), Honduras (HND), Haiti (HTI), Jamaica (JAM), Saint Kitts & Nevis (KNA), Saint Lucia (LCA), Mexico (MEX), Montserrat (MSR), Martinique (MTQ), Nicaragua (NIC), Panama (PAN), Peru (PER), Puerto Rico (PRI), Paraguay (PRY), El Salvador (SLV), Suriname (SUR), Sint Maarten (SXM), Turks and Caicos Islands (TCA), Trinidad & Tobago (TTO), Uruguay (URY), United States of America (USA), Saint Vincent & the Grenadines (VCT), Venezuela (VEN), Virgin Islands UK (VGB) and Virgin Islands US (VIR).

PAHO/HSD/HA/12.01

For further information, visit the PAHO/WHO Regional Health Observatory web at www.paho.org/rho© Pan American Health Organization, 2012 All rights reserved

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