Health Promotion – The diet and disease connection

Lizann Powers Hammond

Shirley Broughton

Goals for today:

Health Promotion -Consumer perspective Health Promotion Framework Diet and Chronic Disease what’s new?

Heart Disease Diabetes Cancer

Sorting through the evidence

Communicating Science Based Evidence

The New Nutrition Conversation is all about talking with consumers rather than at them to find out what they are thinking and why when it comes to nutrition.

International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

FOOD

Are consumers losing their appetite for…

NUTRITION

International Food and Nutrition Information Council IFIC.org

Food Labels

PopularMagazines

Media Images

Friendsand

Family Gov’tGuidelines

FoodAds

FadDiet

Gurus

MedicalExperts

TV and Radio News

WebSites

Consumer

Many people find it difficult to separate

valid recommendations

from fad diet advice.

Nutrition information is often seen as contradictory,

even from equally valid

sources.

Consumers are bombarded with nutrition information from a variety of sources.

SOURCE: IFIC Foundation, 2004

Consumers Say

85% say that diet and nutrition are important to them personally.

Only 25% say they have made significant changes to achieve a healthful diet.

Source: ADA trends survey, 2002

Consumers get most of their nutrition information from TV, newspapers, magazines.

Consumers value the information form health professionals the most.

Source: ADA Trends survey, 2002

Consumers Say

Consumers Say…

About achieving a healthy nutritious diet…

38% “I’m already doing it.”

30% “I know I should, But…”

32% “Don’t bother me.” ADA Trends Survey 2002

Consumers Say

57% agree “Based on the information I’ve heard, I believe there are some foods I should never eat.”

54% believe “taking vitamin supplements is necessary to ensure good health”

33% believe “herbal dietary supplements are safe because they are natural”

ADA Trends Survey 2002

Missing Ingredient

Tips – Where is the ACTION is!

Don’t just tell us what to do, tell us HOW to do it!

Consumers

Consumers need how-to information

about nutrition information that is …

SIMPLEPOSITIVEPRACTICALCONSISTENT

Consumers Definition of Health

Healthy is…. Active Energetic Confident Smiling Good complexion

Addressing the obesity debate: Consumers point of view IFIC 2003

Good Posture Bright and wide eyed Works out/ is fit Positive Attitude Well Rested

Consumers Definition of Health

More broadly, consumers also describe health holistically, involving components of mental, emotional, and physical health. They state all of these elements must work together in contributing to good health.

The Health Promotion Framework

Elements of Health Promotion

Physical – Fitness and nutrition. Medical self-care. Control of substance abuse.

Emotional - Care for emotional health. 

Stress management, calming. Social – Community, families, friends. Intellectual – Education, achievement, career

development. Spiritual – Love, hope, charity.

Medical Model

Problem/Condition

Diagnosis

Treatment

Alleviation of Condition

Perspectives on Obesity

Medical Model

Weight is the problem.

Treatments focuses on weight loss.

Medical interventions are available to change body weight.

Weight Loss Methods

Diet Exercise Prescription drugs Behavior modification Diet pills Herbal remedies

Liposuction Bariatric surgery Acupuncture Lotions/creams Hypnosis Stimulants

The Magic Cure?

The medical model is the western cultural norm.

The search for a simple “magic cure” fits with the medical model.

Perspectives on Obesity

Health Promotion Model

Body weight above normal suggests a person is out of balance.

Seek to discover underlying issues and restore balance to life.

Exploration of Weight Issues

PhysicalDiet and activity patterns, substance use?

EmotionalStress levels, stress eating, emotional eating? ACE?

Social

Connection to others? Intellectual

Mental stimulation, Happiness with life?

Spiritual

Connection to world and nature?

Broadening the Focus

Medical Model

How can we get people to lose weight?

Health Promotion Model

How can we promote a holistic approach to health and well-being?

The Life Balance Wheel

Disease Prevention

Medical Model

Identify risk factors. Intervention targets

risk factors. Often fear based,

desire to avoid disease state.

Disease Prevention

Health Promotion Model

Examine life balance and holistic well-being.

Focus in on maximizing health not just absence of disease.

Addressing Chronic Disease

Medical Model

You have an illness, symptoms are treated.

Health Promotion

You can be well and optimize health through lifestyle, even with a disease.

Diet and Disease Update

Heart Disease

Diabetes

Cancer

Top 10 Killers Heart disease Cancer Stroke Chronic lower respiratory diseases Accidents (unintentional injuries) Diabetes Alzheimer's disease Influenza/Pneumonia Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis Septicemia

Diet and Heart DiseaseWhere we have been…

Saturated Fat

Cholesterol

Vegetable oils

Diet and Heart DiseaseWhat’s New….

Trans fats

Fish Oil

Diet and Heart DiseaseWhat’s in the News….

Nuts / Flaxseed - Omega 3 vs Omega 6

Plant Sterols

Tropical Oils

Diet and DiabetesWhere we have been…

Amount of Carbohydrate

Balanced diet

Diet and DiabetesWhat’s new…

Maintain healthy weight

Physical activity

30 minutes a day

Dietary Fiber

Diet and DiabetesWhat’s in the news…

Glycemic Index / Glycemic Load

High Fructose Corn Syrup

Cinnamon

Chromium

Diet and CancerWhere we have been…

Low in fat, alcohol and salt.

High in whole grains, fruits and vegetables.

Diet and CancerWhat’s New…

Phytochemicals

Antioxidants

Cruciferous vegetables

Omega-3 fatty acids

Diet and Cancer:What’s in the news…

Supplements

Juicers

Sugar substitutes

Green tea

Soy products

Energy Drinks

Contain significant amounts of caffeine and other legal stimulants.

Additional ingredients imply “health” benefits.

Take home message:

Type and Quality of Carbohydrates: Make half of your grains whole Eat more fruits and vegetables

Type and Quality of Fats: Replace saturated fats with vegetable oils Eat 2 fish meals / week Lean meats Low fat dairy

Focus on Lifestyle

Eating behaviors: Eat plenty of fruits & vegetables daily. Enjoy whole grain foods. Choose lean meats and/or protein sources. Select low-fat dairy products. Drink adequate fluids. Keep portion sizes reasonable. Pick healthful snacks. Listen to hunger and satiety signals.

Take home messages

Science is Evolutionary Not Revolutionary

Simple, Positive, Practical, Consistent nutrition and health messages

Thank you!

Resources

American Diabetes Association: Clinical Practice Recommendations 2007

Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations 2006: Scientific Statement from the AHA

American Journal of Public Health International Food Information Council American Dietetic Association Food and

Nutrition Trends Survey