"health messenger" junior no. 3 - drugs, tobacco, alcohol · being a teenager isn't...

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 16:57

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Being a teenager isn't the easiest of time,but it is one of the most challenging. It isan age when you are aware of manythings. You crave for information andexperience and you never seem tobe full. Human beings will alwayswant to try and discover newthings, to broaden ourhorizons.

EDITORIAL

We would like to discuss with you a particulartopic: drugs, alcohol and tobacco. The pur-pose of this issue is not to tell what youshould or shouldn't do; but to provide you withaccurate pieces of information, which shouldallow you to make your own decisions.To be free means to be able to decide foryourself. Yet this can only be achieved whenyou posses sufficient information to do so. The Health Messenger team hopes that thisissue will help you understand better the reali-ties you are facing as young women andmen.

Chief Editor Mar Doh

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 16:58

In our human history, an unbelievable thing hap-pened in the middle of 17th century: the discoveryof electricity! Thank to this invention, we can usefan and watch television.

Since thousand of years, people knew that the amber, a natural materi-al, pulled on some materials but no one could understand why.In 1600, Dr. William Gilbert realized that when the amber was

rubbed to be hot, there was a magnetic force which couldattract objects nearby. Magnetism is an invisible force whichcan pull toward or push away. Dr. Gilbert understood then that

magnetism was related to electricity.

A hundred years later,Benjamin Franklin, a printerfrom the United States, had agenius intuition. He realizedthat the lightning, the visibleflash of light in the sky thatyou can see during storms,was also a magnetic force. In1752, on a stormy night inPhiladelphia, he raised a kitewith a metal key tied to hishand. When there was a flashof lightning, he could feel the electric shock

Electricity is about atoms. They are all aroundus, yet we do not see them: they are invisi-ble tiny matter. Atoms have two main parts:a center of nucleus and electrons that goaround the nucleus. The nucleus has apositive charge of electricity and the elec-trons a negative one. Electric charge comeswhen electrons move away from an atom.

go through his body. Thus, heproved that the lightning was anatural electric discharge.

After him, many other scien-tists experimented with elec-tricity. Alessandro Volta learnthow to make electricity withbatteries, in early 1800. Afterhim, Thomas Edison inventedthe electric light bulb. Fromthat time on, most of the new

inventions function thanks to electricity!

Benjamin Franklin, a genius with no fear

Where does electricity come from?

A gift of the nature

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 16:58

I am sure you know about the giantpanda. But do you know what makehim so special? The giant panda isunique for many reasons. He looks dif-ferent from any other bear. He haswhite fur, black patches around hiseyes, as if he was wearing glasses. Hisears and legs are also black. Across hisshoulder, he has a black band. You willalways recognize a panda when yousee one!

Panda's lifePanda enjoys a peaceful life. It is a gentleanimal. It does not hurt any human orbeast. The young panda is very curiousand playful. When it grows up, it becomesa bit calm and solitary.

Bamboo: The Panda's delicatessenIf you want to become friend with a giantpanda, make sure to give him bamboos.Panda likes bamboos so much. It spendsat least 12 hours each day eating 84pounds of bamboos. The reason hespends so much time eating is that bam-boo is very low in nutrients. Panda graspsbamboo stalks with five fingers and thenuse its teeth to peel off the tough outer lay-ers to reveal the soft inner tissue. Strongjawbones and cheek muscles help pandacrush and chew the thick stalks with theirflattened back teeth. Bamboo leaves arealso panda's special menus; panda stripsthem off the stalks, wads them up andswallows them. Apart from bamboo, he caneat grasses, bulbs, fruits, some insects andeven rodents and carrions.

Panda in Chinese TraditionThe panda lives in western China, ourneighboring country. He is considered as anational treasure. For Chinese people, thepanda is a highly symbolic animal. It isbelieved that the panda has medicinal cur-ative powers. Its ful was thought to repelplague and prevent tumors. Its urine issupposed to dissolve impurities. Moreover,the Chinese poet Bai Juyi credited thepanda with mystical powers that are capa-ble of warding off natural disasters andexorcising evil spirits. All these beliefsbrought a high consumption of pandas.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:00

Panda in Conservation CenterPanda's greatest predator is the humanbeing. There are less than 1000 giantpandas surviving in the wild. Because ofillegal hunting and trafficking, the giantpanda might disappear from the earth. Toprevent the extinction of the specie, about100 pandas are kept in captivity or con-servation center. Although dozens of pan-das have been bred through artificialinsemination* , captive breeding hasbeen largely unsuccessful. Panda cubsare born small and fragile and utterlydependent on their mother. Many nationshave done research to improve the giantpanda's status, but the specie remains

vulnerable to humans.

(*) Artificial insemination:Biological technique whichallows making babies withoutsexual intercourse.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:02

After visiting Mandalay, our

Pigeon Kho Kho continues his

tour to the Kachin state. He

meets Ko Bran Sai who lives

in Myikyina city, capital of

Kachin state. Ko Bran Sai is

a kachin tourist guide. He

knows many things about

his town. Thanks to him,

Kho Kho can explain every-

thing about Myitkyina to his

friend Po Kwa Doh, living in

Maela camp. Ko Bran Sai

tells to Kho Kho as follows:

"Hi, my name is Ko Bran

Sai. I live in Myitkyina,

which is situated 487

miles from Mandalay and

26 miles from 'Myit Sone',

the confluence of MaiKha

and MaliKha streams.

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Myit Sone is the source ofAyeyarwaddy, the mostimportant river for transporta-tion in Myanmar.

Myitkyina is the largest city of kachin statewith 150,000 inhabitants. Apart from kachinpeople, Ba Mar, Shan, Li Shi, Chinese andIndian people live there. Myitkyina's peopleare very friendly and kind. They alwaysgreet each other with smiles. For their liv-ing, they manage shops for selling goods.Some others go to Hpa Kant district inorder to find jades. The work in the minesis very hard. A few people became veryrich. Most didn't, but they always kept hopethat some day they would.

Myitkyina city has famous places to visit. Inthe Myitkyina main market, you can buyjades. After, you can have a rest in thebeautiful public park. Not far away fromMyitkyina city, you can visit Myanmar'shighest snow-capped mountain, KhakaboRazi. It is the highest mountain in SouthEast Asia which culminates at 5881meters. My friend Kho Kho, don't forgetyour trek shoes if you want to visit it!"

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:03

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Have you ever heard of traditionalKaren poetry? Karen people haveused poetry since a very long time.It is called Tah. In ancient time, itwas thecommon

mode ofexpression.

Karen peoplewould speakusing Tah.

Nowadays, Tah poetry isused quite differently. It isa structured way ofexpressing different kindsof feelings according todifferent kinds of situa-tions. There are 26Karen poetry patterns,depending on the topic ofthe poem. For instance, a kind of poetrynamed "young man and lady poetry" is atype of poetry about love declarations.There is also the "teaching poetry" whichprovides advices to the members of thecommunity about how to behave. Moreover, the Karens have "song poetry". It is alyrical poem composed to be sung andaccompanied by Karen instruments.

How to write Karen poetry?Karen poetry obeys a certainmethodology. To composesimple verse poetry, you mustwrite four sentences. Eachsentence must consist ofseven words. The poem isdivided into two parts. Thefirst two sentences are thefirst part and the rest two arethe second part. It's not socomplicated, but caution: the last word inthe two sentences of each part must havethe same rhythm or sound! For instance,when you write the first part of four-sen-tence verse poetry, the last word in the firstsentence has a ah sound. Therefore thelast word in the second sentence musthave the ah sound as well

Hereis an example of

Karen love poetry "youngman and lady poetry" written

by Thra Htoo Hla E.You can acknowl-edge the last wordevery two lines hasthe same rhythm orsound.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:03

Paw Gay Eh16 yrs7th GradeMae Taw High School

Naw Hnin Wai

15 yrs7th Grade

Mae Taw High School

Saw Ywa Hay Thar

16 yrs

7th Grade

Mae Taw High School

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:04

Mg Theory, 17 yrs

8th Grade

No. 2 High School Umpiem Camp

Naw Say Hla Wah, 19 yrs

8th GradeNo. 2 High School Umpiem Camp

Mg Shane Mg Mg, 14 yrs8th GradeNo. 2 High School Umpiem Camp.

Naw Snow, 16 yrs8th GradeNo.2 High School Umpiem Camp

Whatdo you think of alcohol?It is a bad thing for our health. Sometimes, we

drink to warm our bodies. If you drink too

much, it is dangerous for your health. It will

give you liver cancer and you can start vomit-

ing blood. People drink it because they feel

depressed and they have family problem.

When they drink very often, they becomealcoholic. When they are drunk, they shout

and curse to others and finally it can leadto fighting. In my opinion, it is better not to

drink. If you drink, it can destroy your lifeand your family.

What do you think of cigarette?

Cigarette is not a good thing. It has a bad

smell and makes the environment have a

bad smell. It is dangerous for our health as it

can give us lung cancer. Some people put

some drugs like ganja to smoke it. When you

smoke it very often, it makes you addicted.

You can't stop smoking. Besides this, it will

cost us some money to buy it. Some say they

feel depressed and unhappy, so they smoke

cigarettes. Smoking cigarettes makes them

happy. In my opinion, cigarette is a drug and it

is better not to try or test it. Otherwise, it will

give you a health problem.

What do you think of drug?

It is a dangerous thing. We start tasting it fo

r

fun. Finally, it makes us addicted. When we

are addicted, we can't easily stop. Some

think it helps to think and concentrate.

Some say it makes you feel good.

Actually, it is better not to use it. T

he

drug users give troubles to their

family. They steal valuable things

from their family and go sell them

in order to buy drugs. In my opin-

ion, it is better to stay away from

drugs.

What do you think of betelnut?It is not a good thing to eat. It is a thingthat can cause kidney diseases. It is dan-gerous. I think it is a kind of drug and youcan be addicted when you eat it very often. Itseems to have a good taste for betelnuteaters. It can be eaten with other drugs. Inmy opinion, it is dangerous for our healthwhen we eat it very often.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:04

King Minos hated the Athenians because they had killed his son. He ordered thatevery year seven youths and seven maidens should be sent from Greece as food forthe Minotaur. Half bull, half man, the Minotaur was the most fearsome monster ofancient times. Its horns were sharp as knives, its great hooves couldkick the life out the strongest of heroes and its food was humanflesh. The Minotaur lived in the labyrinth, a great maze of wind-ing passages on the island of Crete.

One year, Theseus, the greatest of the Greekheroes, said he would go to Crete and fight the monster."Let me go as one of the victims," he said to his fatherAegeus. "I'll kill the Minotaur and free Greece from thisperil". Soon his ship was rigged with black sails, which was thecustom when Greeks were sailing to meet their doom. "Watch outwhen I return," said Theseus to hid father. "I will hoist white sails toshow that I've succeeded."

Theseus' ship arrived at the harbour of Knossos, near the palaceof King Minos. The king's daughter, Arian, saw the ship. Soon theGreek hero and the beautiful Cretan girl were talking, and before they knew it,the pair was in love. When Theseus told Arian that he was going to kill the Minotaur,

she decided she would help him. She knew that even a herowould get lost in the winding passages of the labyrinth. So shegave him a ball of thread. "Unwind it as you go in, then you will

be able to find your way out again by following thethread," she explained. So Theseus entered thedark, winding labyrinth, undoing the thread as hewent.

Soon he heard the bellowing beast and as hewalked on, the roars got louder and louder, until

Theseus was at the centre of the maze and faceto face with the monster. Now the hero couldsee the glint in the

beast's eyes. Theseuspaused, waiting for the best moment to attack. As the creatureturned his back, Theseus sprang, plunging his sword into thebeast's flesh. The Minotaur gave out one last bellow and breathed itslast. Theseus found his way out of the maze using Arian'sthread and sailed quickly back to Greece to tell his father thathe had succeeded. But Theseus was so excited that heforgot to hoist his white sails. When Aegeus saw hisson's ship rigged with the black sails he feared theworst. The old man, despairing, flung himself from thecliff into the seas and perished beneath the waves.Theseus had won his victory but lost his father. Yet hislove to Arian brought joy back to his heart…

a Greek Legend

Theseus and the Minotaur

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:05

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:06

Did you know that almost half of the

Karen people (40 percent) chew betel

nut?

Did you know that Marijuana is aweed?

Did you know that cigarettesmoke contains over 4,000chemicals including ammo-nia (floor cleaner) andarsenic (rat poison)?

Did you know that Yaabaa comes

as pills like aspirin?

Did you know that betelnut is

chewed habitually by some 10

percent of the world's popula-

tion?

Did you know that Native Americanshave been smoking tobacco for 2 000years?

oifodygovm;

Did you know that heroin

comes from opium?

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:06

What is drug?It is a chemical product, which has animpact on the nervous system.Consuming drugs changes yourmood and your behavior. All drugscause addiction. They all generateand increase the risk of diseases. There are legal and illegaldrugs. Illegal drugs are moredangerous. However, legaldrugs as tobacco or alcoholcause more death and moreillness than others. Legal drugs are integratedas a social habit in manycultures. Illegal drugsmeans that you are notallowed to product, posses,buy, sell and consume theseproducts. The following explanations describehow drugs work on your body and mind.

Physical addiction

Your body needs the product because it has

been used to it. If you don't take it, your body

Psychological addiction

There are two kinds of addiction:What is addiction?To be addicted to something means that youcan't live without consuming it. A lot ofaddicted people don't realize it. You can be addicted to many differentthings. Someone who can't go to sleepwithout watching television is addicted totelevision.

craves for it. When someone is

addicted, he is ill because his body

doesn't function normally anymore.

The need is caused by themind. If you don't take it, you feeldepressed. Most cases ofaddictions are psychological.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:07

AlcoholLegal drug - drunk in numerous culturesIt makes you euphoric. After a greaterconsumption, you experience a state ofdrunkenness and dizziness. Alcoholism (heavy and regular drinking)is the syndrome due to physical andpsychological dependency on alcohol.It's an illness. The impacts of alcoholismare medical (destruction of the body,damage on the liver and the brain…),social and psychological.

TobaccoLegal drug - smoked nearly everywhereThe tar present in the smoke is respon-sible for numerous diseases: cancer,heart stroke, chronic bronchitis... Thestrong physical and psychologicaldependency makes it hard for smokersto quit.

MarijuanaIllegal drugs - smokedIt has an artificial soothing effect. Theconsequences are difficulty to concen-trate, memory loss and mood swings. Itcreates a strong psychological depend-ency.

What are the medical effectsof drugs?There is no consumption with-out danger (cf. consequences

of each drug in the highlights).The more you take drugs, the moreyou put your health in danger. Concerning drugs, some peopleare more fragile than others. Wearen't equal. For them, it's even

more dangerous to consume drugs. It's thecase of women (especially pregnant women),ill persons but also teenagers who are stillgrowing up.

What are the social and psychological effects of drugs?Not only do drugs represent a risk for health,they also affect your personal wellbeing andyour social relationships. Drugs will never helpyou solve your problems or make you feel bet-ter. It always makes things worse. Someonewho is addicted to drugs is unhappy. One does-n't take drugs because one is a bad person. It isoften a sign that something is missing in thatperson's life. It's very important to find otheroptions to be happy.When you are addicted, you are obsessed. Youlose the pleasure you had doing other activities.You don't take time for your friends; you can'tconcentrate at school… When you take drugs,your social life changes. For instance, alco-holism can generate family problems, violence,difficulty to perform your work and depression.Furthermore it stigmatizes you. Your communitywill judge you as a drug addict.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:09

YaabaaIllegal drug - swallowedIts effects are a massive release ofdopamine, which triggers the pleasurezones in the brain. It dissipates thetiredness and hunger. Side effects aredrunkenness and dizziness, followed bya state of depression. Yaabaa gener-ates a very strong physical and psycho-logical addiction. It is one of the mostdangerous drugs.

HeroinIllegal drug - injected It generates a strong physical addiction,which brings painful craving crisis. It canlead to overdose (when a person takestoo much heroin at a time, the body isso poisoned that one dies).Furthermore needles used for injectionmay transfer AIDS and hepatitis ifshared.

BetelnutLegal drug - widely chewed all over AsiaIt contains arecoline, a stimulant for thenervous system. It produces euphoria.Chewing betelnut stains and damagesthe mouth, gums and teeth. A regularconsumption induces physical and psy-chological addiction. Excessive use alsocauses drunkenness and dizziness.

How to get away of drugs?Taking drugs is sometimes a question of socialhabit and fashion. All your friends around youchew betelnut and you feel pressured to try?Fell free not to behave the same way. You canspeak with your friends about the topic,explaining why you don't want to take drugs.

How to get out of drugs?When someone is addicted, it's very complicat-ed to stop. The more addicted you are, themore painful it is to stop. When you stop usinga drug, you experience withdrawal. It is thefeeling of physical (trembling, hallucination…)or psychological (anxiety, delusion…) painwhen the addiction is not satisfied. When you face a drug problem, it's normal toworry. Don't hesitate to speak about it. It's veryhard to stop drugs without any help. Even as afriend or relative you might not be able to help.Drug addicts need serious and professionalhelp. Feel free to go to speak about it with amedical NGO. There are here to help you!

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:10

Comics StripComics Strip

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:11

The nervous system works as a balance. Bothfeelings are related. When you eat some cake,

normally you feel happy. Your nervessend a message to your brain; the

neurons analyze it as positive. Butif you eat too much, you mightfeel sick. Your liver is hurt. Thenerves of the liver send a mes-

sage to the brain. This oneis analyzed as negative bythe neurons; you feel pain.

Drugs work the same way.When you take drugs, you intro-

duce a chemical product whichinteracts with your nervous system.

You first experience a greatbut short pleasure.

In our brain, wehave a stockof happiness.Drugsrelease allthis happi-

ness. That's why thisintense pleasure auto-

matically has a secondeffect much longer. Youfeel bad because drugs

just gave you an artificialpleasure and left no happiness in yourbrain. You feel physical and psychologi-cal pain. Further more, when you havebeen used to the drug, your bodycraves for it and you face a physicaland psychological lack.

I am sure that you havenoticed that a kiss and aslap don't feel a same. Butdo you know why?

You can feel pain and pleasurethanks to your nervous system. Thenervous system has 2 parts:the brain inside your headand the nerves which gothrough your body. When somebody touch-es you, your nervessend messages to thebrain. The brain is likea factory. Inside thisfactory there arespecial cells,called the neurons. Their jobis to analyze the messagessent by the nerves. The neuronsfirst discuss between them-selves. To speak to one anoth-er, they sent specialmessages. Thesemessages arecarried by neu-rotransmitters.Then, neuronsread the mes-sages in order todecide whichfeeling is appro-priate: sadness orjoy.Pleasure and pain use the same path!Their unique difference is the sense of themessage.

Pleasure Pain

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:12

Brazil is a big country. It covers abouthalf of South America and is home toabout half the continent's people. Allthat area gives Brazil many kinds oflandscapes and great natural beauty.

The world's largest tropical rain forestcovers most of northern Brazil. Themighty Amazon River winds throughthis vast forest. In the northeast, theland is cracked and dry. The BrazilianHighlands, a fertile region of hills andplateaus, reaches across the South.Sandy beaches line much of Brazil'slong coastline.

LOTS OF PEOPLE

About 184 million people live in Brazil,making it the fifth most populated countryin the world. Most people live near thecoast in towns and cities, especially in thesoutheast. That's where Brazil's twobiggest cities, Sao Paulo and Rio deJaneiro, are found.

BLENDED CULTURE

Most Brazilians are descended from threemain groups of people: the native peopleof Brazil, Europeans (mainlyPortuguese) and Africans. This blendgives Brazil a unique and varied cul-ture.

Because of its history, Brazilian peoplespeak Portuguese where-as the rest of South

America speaks Spanish.Almost all Brazilians areChristians.

Brazilian people loveplaying and dancing the

samba, a very lively type

of music and dance. They also practiceCapoeira, an art form that combines danceand fighting moves.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:13

THE AMAZON

The Amazon River is the world's secondlongest river, after the Nile in Africa. Butthe Amazon carries more water than anyother one. The area drained by the river iscalled the Amazon Basin. It covers nearlyhalf of Brazil. Tropical rain forest growsthroughout this basin.

Thousands upon thousands of species ofplants, birds, reptiles, fish and mammalslive in the Amazon rain forest. If you likeinsects, this is the place for you! There areat least 70,000 different kinds and moreare being discovered all the time.

Native Americans, such as the Kayap? andthe Yanomami, live deep in the rain forest.Some still maintain their traditional ways oflife.

Today, the Amazon rain forest is in danger.Each year, Brazil loses thousands ofsquare miles of forest. The forest is cleared

for wood or burned to openup farmland. Theseactions threaten the forestand the native people liv-ing within it.

RIO DE JANEIRO

Brazilians call Rio deJaneiro theMarvelous City.That's because ofits spectacular set-ting between theBrazilian Highlandsand the AtlanticOcean.

The city is best seen from the Christ theRedeemer statue on Corcovado Mountain.The statue was built in 1922 to celebrate100 years of independence from Portugal.From the statue, almost the whole city isvisible.

Every year, Rio hosts one of the world'sbiggest parties. It's called Carnival. Itoccurs at the end of February. It lasts forfive days and begins before the Christianperiod of Lent. Carnival is a time of elabo-rate parades, music, dance and celebra-tion.

SOCCER

Do you like soccer? Brazilians do.They call it f?tbol, and it's by far themost popular sport. Millions of Braziliansbelong to local soccer clubs.

Perhaps the world's most famous Brazilianis Pel?. Many people consider him thegreatest soccer player of all time. By 1970,Pel? helped lead Brazil to three victories inthe World Cup, the most important interna-

tional soccer tournament.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:15

After the Second World War, in England, adoctor helped former soldiers, who hadbeen injured and handicapped by the war,practice sport. This was the beginning ofthe International Committee forHandisports. This committee has becomeso big through out the years that in 1960the first Olympic games for handi-capped persons (ParalympicsGames) were organized in Rome,Italy. These games now happen everytwo years. Many athletes who arehandicapped meet and competeagainst one another.

Handisports have now even its stars.Last year was the summer Olympicsin Athens, Greece. One particular ath-lete proved that as a handicapped personyou could do sports as a professional level!His name is Patrick Anderson. He isCanadian. He is the best WheelchairBasketball players in the whole world. Hemade everything happen for his team lead-

ing it all theway to the goldmedal.

Wheelchair Basketball is one of the mostspectacular and popular sports of theParalympic Games. It is distinguished forits unique style, the quick flow of the gameand the endless action with constantattacks to the basket and "man to man"defense. Each Wheelchair Basketball teamconsists of five players, playing in the courtand seven substitutes. Substitutions takeplace during breaks in the game. Theobjective of every team is to score in theopponents' basket and prevent the oppos-ing team from scoring. The winner is theteam that at the end of the game hasscored the most points, like regular basket-ball.There are only a few differencesbetween Paralympic Games WheelchairBasketball and Olympic Games Basketball.The main difference is the use of a wheel-chair, which the athlete has to use withdexterity.

To practice sport is something we all like to do. We set ourselves challenges andtry to overcome them. Some teenagers and children believe they can't do sportsbecause they are handicapped. Well let me prove you the contrary.

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HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:15

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To make it magic,maybe I can try to

blow on it…Or maybe I can try

to caress it… Or to shake it…

I'd bettergive up.

Thatobject is

notmagic.

I shouldstop

dreamingand start to

study

At least,this can-dlestick isuseful…

Hello'Master', I

can realizeone wish foryou… Whatcan I do for

you?

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:17

Htet Htet, Mg Mg and Ag Ag are making aboat to travel around the world.

They look at a map around a table and dis-cuss where they could sail with their boat.

They argue about the fact that they could falloff earth if they go at the end of it.

The right information allows you to take theright decision. It makes you free!

The super hero explains to them that theearth is round.

The three kids are departing to travel aroundthe world happily.

I wanna go toMadagascar! I prefer

going toBrazil!

The earth is flat! We could fall offearth if we reach the end of

Madagascar.

So, it ispossibleto sailaround

the world!

You have the right to haveright information

Children's right: Right to have right information

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HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:18

How to make a Brazilian bracelet?The Brazilian bracelets are little "magical" jewels. You can wear them every-where, around your wrists, your ankles and even on your clothes. Did youknow that Indians offer them to show their friendship? When you offer aBrazilian bracelet, bind it around your friend's wrist or ankle. During thebinding, he or she has to make a wish. He or she then keeps wearing thebracelet. After a few months, the bracelet will fall and the wish will becometrue. You don't trust me? Try it, you will see….

To make Brazilian bracelets, you need three cottonthreads of 2 meters each and a pin. Choose two orthree different merry colors. Follow the steps andlearn how to reproduce the sketches.

Tie 2 knots with thread1 on the thread 2 on the right

side.

Tie 2 knots with thread1 on the thread 3 on the right

side.

Then, tie 2 knots withthread 1 on the thread 4 on

the right side.


the right side.


the right side.

When you finish, separate the sixthreads in two groups and make twobraids, finished by a lovely knot.

Here it is! Offer it and above all,don't forget to make a wish…

Take the three threads and fold them intwo parts in order to make a buckle.Make up a knot and hang it up with the pin onyour clothe so that it can't move. Caution: keepyour three colour threads in the good order.

1

2

3 4 56

After that, tie 2 knots with thread 2 on thethreads 3, 4, 5, 6 and 1. Then, tie 2 knots withthread 3 on the threads 4, 5, 6, 1 and 2. Then, tie2 knots with thread 4 on the threads 5, 6, 1, 2 and3. Advice: don't hesitate to tie well the knots.

After that, you have to dothe same with the threads 4, 3, 2and 1 but on the opposite side.Knot the thread 4 in the oppositeside with the thread 3

the thread 2

the thread 1

the thread 6

and thethread 5

After, do the same forthe threats 3, 2 and 1.

Repeat the whole process and Continuethis until the wished length. The work order is 1-2-3-4 and 4-3-2-1, 1-2-3-4, 4-3-2-1 and soon…Caution: the threats 5 and 6 are waitingthreads. You don t use them to make knots. Theyjust maintain the breadth of the bracelet.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:19

Ahurricane is coming!

Boards are nailed over bigstore windows. Families

pack their cars and leavetown. A hurricane is a pow-erful storm with pouringrains and strong winds.

Hurricanes can do a lot of damage.They cause floods. They blow down

trees. Windows break and roofs fly off of houses.

WHERE DO HURRICANES COME FROM?

Hurricanes start over the ocean. They form over warm water near theequator. The equator is an imaginary line that goes around the middle of

the planet.

Some hurricanes start in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea andthe Gulf of Mexico. These hurricanes can strike the East Coast or GulfCoast of the United States. Hurricanes generally do not hit the West Coast,and rarely make it as far north as Canada. In the western Pacific Ocean,hurricanes are called typhoons. Hurricanes near Australia and India arecalled tropical cyclones.

The winds of a hurricane blow in a huge circle. There is a calm placecalled the eye in the center of the circle. All around the eye are thick,

tall clouds. Heavy rain pours down from these clouds.

Hurricanes move across the water. They grow stronger if theystay over warm water. Some hurricanes head for land.

Hurricanes can do a lot of damage if they come up onland. But hurricanes grow weaker the farther inland

they go. They also grow weaker over coldwater.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:20

HOW STRONGARE HURRICANES?

Weather scientists called meteorologists studyhurricanes. They rank hurricanes in categoriesfrom 1 to 5. The weakest hurricane is a Category 1. Ithas winds that blow at least 74 miles per hour. Thestrongest hurricane is a Category 5. It has winds that blowat more than 155 miles per hour.

The strongest hurricane of the 20th century was Hurricane Gilbert.It hit the island of Jamaica and parts of Mexico in 1988. Gilbert hadwinds that gusted up to 218 miles per hour. A couple of weeks ago ahurricane called Katrina hit the west coast of the United States ofAmerica. It was so strong that it destroyed the city of New-Orleans.

CAN HURRICANES BE PREDICTED?

Meteorologists watch for hurricanes at sea during summer andautumn. When a hurricane forms out in the ocean they watch itvery carefully. They use radar, weather satellites and instrumentsin the sea. They try to figure out which way the hurricane is trav-eling. Sometimes special airplanes fly into the hurricane tomake measurements.

Meteorologists warn people when a hurricane isheaded their way. They tell people to board uptheir windows and to leave the area.Predicting hurricanes can save manylives.

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:21

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

player 1

player 2

3 5

1

2 1

6

2

1

4

1

6

2

3 1 2 3

14

3

3+1 5+1 2+1 +1 1+1 2+1

+1 1+1 +1 6+1 1+1 1+1 7+1 2+1

2

1

2

2

13

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4

4 4

4

4

4

4

4

4 4 4

4+1 4+1

4+1

4+1

4

4

4 4

4

5

4

5

4 5

5 55

5

5

4 4 44+1

4+1 4+1 +1

4

Ending the game: When a player can only make a move that wouldremove all the seeds from his opponents side the

game ends and each player counts theseeds he has captured.

Or If there are not enough seedsleft on the board, and they aretoo far from each other to makepossible any capture, (8) the

players agree in ending the game.

If the opponents side doesn't contain any moreseeds, the player must play a move giving him atleast one seed (7).

2

1 2

Awele is an ancient African game. It is played on aboard with two rows of 6 holes. Each row is a play-er's side. The board is usually made of wood butthe game can be played with holes dug in theground. The game starts with each hole containing4 seeds (any small round object can be used).

The purpose of the game is to capture thelargest amount of seeds.

The players take turns. The player 1 takes all theseeds from a hole on his side and distributes themanticlockwise, putting one seed per hole (1). After,the player 2 does the same (2).

If the player has more than 12 seeds to distribute,he shall skip the starting hole (3).

The player is not allowed to play a move that wouldtake all the seeds from his opponents side (5) (6)(famishing the opponent).

The players alternate turns: player 1, player 2,player 1, player 2...etc

How to capture seeds: if the hole in the opponents

side, where the last seed isdistributed contains 1 or 2

seeds, the player takes all the seedsfrom this hole. If the previous hole con-

tained 1 or 2 seeds, the player takes also all theseeds from the hole and continues clockwise until itbecomes impossible (4) (hole containing an otheramount of seeds than 2 or 3 or located in the play-ers side of the board).

4

1

6

2

3 1

2

2 3

3

4

1

6

2

3

2

4

1+1 2+1 3+1

3+1

5

2 2 1 3 1

1 1

2 2 1

2 2 +1 2+1

2+11+1

1+1

3

3

1 2

1

2

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:30

I have one favorite article in this

book. This is the article about The

Owl. I would like to know about the

important facts about the different

countries.

Saw Hla Sein

16 yrs7th GradeN0. 2 High School Umpiem Camp

I would like to play a difficult gamein this magazine. I want to playmany games. The game pagemakes me happy when I read thisbook.

Saw Tarmalar Ka Paw15 yrs8th GradeN0. 2 High School Umpiem Camp

I am interested to read the page

on Kho Kho visits to Mandalay. I

have never been to Mandalay.

But, I am pleased to read and

know about Mandalay city.

Naw Moo Hla Kyu

15 yrs8th GradeN0. 2 High School Umpiem

Camp

Regarding the Health Messenger

Junior magazine, I have things I like

and things I don't like. The thing that I

don't like is the page about poetry.

Saw kway Say

15 yrs

8th Grade

N0. 2 High School Umpiem Camp

pmzw

folrSa

y;pm

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:31

Making a rope ladder

Health Messenger Junior is a quarterly publication of the French NGO Aide MedicaleInternationale, realized in collaboration with UNICEF. It aims at sensitizing children from schoolstandard 4 to 7 living along the Thai-Myanmar border to major health issues, providing them withlife-skills and opening them up to other perspectives. Health Messenger Junior is developed incollaboration with various agencies involved in the education sector, as well as with teachers andeducators working in camps and migrant communities in Thailand.

Have you ever seen a rope ladder?Do you know that it can be veryuseful? You can climb a tree or awall thanks to it.In order to build your first rope ladder,

find a strong rope and follow the steps.

You will soon learn how to reproduce

the sketches. Have fun!

??uudd;;aavvSSuumm;;??yyvvkkyyffeennff;;

Project Coordinator / Marie GarnierEditor / Mar Doh

Artistic Director / Sylvain SilleranIllustrators / Anchalee Areewong,

Wilasinee Wipakarn, Piyakan Poolacorn

HMJ-03_v3.qxp 16/12/2005 17:31

"health messenger" junior no. 3 - drugs, tobacco, alcohol · being a teenager isn't...

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