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Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

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Page 1: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities and Culturally Competent

CareChapter 2 Overview

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 2: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Determinants of Health

2

Fig. 2-1. Determinants of health.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 3: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health DisparitiesRace, ethnicity, and culture

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc. 3

Page 4: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities

4

Fig. 2-2. Percent of adults (based on ethnicity) in the United States who have no regular doctor.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 5: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities, continuedGeographic location Income, education, and occupation

5Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 6: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities Factors and Conditions Leading to Health Disparities, continuedGenderAge Health care provider attitude

6Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 7: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities

7

Fig. 2-3. Older Asian women are especially at risk for health disparities.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 8: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Health Disparities Impact of Health Disparities on Health

8Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 9: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Culture

9

Table 2-2. Basic Characteristics of Culture.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 10: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Culture

10

Fig. 2-4. Members of this family share a common heritage.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 11: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Competence

11Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 12: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace

12

Fig. 2-5. Nurses working together in a multicultural health care environment.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 13: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Diversity in the Health Care Workplace

13

Fig. 2-6. Co-workers from different cultures communicate with verbal and nonverbal cues.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 14: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care

Folk HealersSpirituality and ReligionCross-Cultural Communication

14Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 15: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care

Family Roles and Relationships

15

Fig. 2-7. Family roles and relationships differ from one culture to another.

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Page 16: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care

Personal SpaceTouchNutritionImmigrants and Immigration

16Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 17: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care

17

Fig. 2-8. Recently arrived immigrants participate in a common American pastime.

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Page 18: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Cultural Factors Affecting Health and Health Care

MedicationsPsychologic Factors

18Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 19: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities

and Increasing Cultural Competency

Nurse’s Self-AssessmentPatient Assessment

19Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 20: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities

and Increasing Cultural Competency

Nursing ImplementationAdvocacy

20Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 21: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities

and Increasing Cultural Competency

21

Fig. 2-9. A Navajo nurse instructs a Navajo patient.

Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.

Page 22: Health Disparities and Culturally Competent Care Chapter 2 Overview Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc

Nursing Management:Reducing Health Disparities

and Increasing Cultural Competency

Nursing Implementation, continuedStandardized guidelinesCommunication

22Copyright © 2011, 2007 by Mosby, Inc., an affiliate of Elsevier Inc.