Health Benefits of Olive Oil

UC DavisSensory Evaluation of Olive Oil

April 5, 2008

Peter Panagotacos M.D.San Francisco

Lykovouno Extra Virgin Olive Oil

• History of Medicinal Use of Olive Oil

• Systemic and Topical Benefits

• Studies Done to Prove Benefits of Olive Oil

What is in Olive Oil and what makes it healthy?Monounsaturated fat (Oleic Acid)

Squalene Phenols Vitamine K Vitamin E Oleocanthal

Antioxidant Chlorophyll (Green) Carotenoids (Yellow

red)

What Makes Olive Oil Healthy?

Maintain suppleness of skin, muscles and abrasions.

It sooths dry skin from effects of sun and wind

Aid in digestion Promotes hair growth Slow ageing process

Prevent heart disease Prevent diabetes Prevents certain

cancers Lowers bad cholesterol Lowers blood pressure Relieving aching

muscles

Dermatology and the Benefits of Olive Oil With skin and skin cancers

Prevents ageing and gives sheen to skin Heals abrasions It is a internal and external benefit to the body as

well as beauty The Phenolic compound it five times greater than

vitamin E and is a highly active hydroxytyrosal antioxidant

Coffee Berry is now being clinically proven to reduce signs of ageing (Revaleskin)

Olive oil delays the onset and reduces the number of UV induced skin cancers

Ancient Greeks

Hippocrates, the father of medicine Ancient Greeks believed that Virgin Olive Oil is beneficial to human health and recommended it for afflictions such as:

Dermatological problems lacerations and burns Gynecological diseases Inducement of vomit Ear infections Birth control According to the code established by the father of medicine,

Hippocrates, olive oil was held beneficial for over 60 therapeutic uses.

Mediterranean Diet

The greatest exponent of monounsaturated fat is olive oil, and it is a prime component of the Mediterranean Diet.

Olive oil is a natural juice which preserves the taste, aroma, vitamins and properties of the olive fruit. Olive oil is the only vegetable oil that can be consumed as it is - freshly pressed from the fruit.

The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and its high content of antioxidative substances.

Studies have shown that olive oil offers protection against heart disease by controlling LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels while raising HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels. (1-3) No other naturally produced oil has as large an amount of monounsaturated as olive oil -mainly oleic acid.

Olive OilPer Capita Consumption

Greece 26.1 liters (½ liter/wk) Spain 15.0 liters Italy 13.5 liters EU 5.4 liters Australia 1.2 liters USA 0.6 liters

Oleic Acid (cis form)

Oleic acid is a common fatty acid found in most animal and vegetable fats. It contains one double bond (at the bottom of the "v"). Note that each of those carbon atoms is linked to only one hydrogen atom, instead of two.

Oleic acid is a mono-unsaturated fat, which means it has only one double bond. Poly-unsaturated fats contain two or more double bonds.

Fatty acids can be short, medium, or long—containing anywhere from 4 to 28 carbon atoms in the chain. Butyric acid contains 4 carbon atoms and is saturated with hydrogen atoms.

The omega-3 called docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is commonly found in fish oil, contains 22 carbon atoms and 6 double-bond kinks, making it extremely polyunsaturated.

Because unsaturated fats have this "kink" or bend, the molecules do not stack together easily—so they stay fluid at room temperature. Some mono-unsaturated fats, such as olive oil, will solidify when cooled in the refrigerator.

Poly-unsaturated fats, which have more double-bonds and therefore more bends in their physical structure, stay fluid even when refrigerated.

Oleic Acid

When plants or animals make unsaturated fats, they mostly build this kinked "cis" form.

However, food manufacturers discovered that bubbling hydrogen through polyunsaturated oils created "partially hydrogenated" fats that were less vulnerable to becoming rancid than the original oils and therefore had a longer shelf life.

Oleic Acid (trans)

These partially hydrogenated margarines and shortenings are now present in almost all baked goods and commercial peanut butter.

This hydrogenation process also converts the bent "cis" form to a straightened "trans" form, which looks like this:

Olive oil's health benefits

Olive oil is a natural juice which preserves the taste, aroma, vitamins and properties of the olive fruit.

Olive oil is the only vegetable oil that can be consumed as it is - freshly pressed from the fruit.

The greatest exponent of monounsaturated fat is olive oil, and it is a prime component of the Mediterranean Diet.

The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and its high content of antioxidative substances.

Studies have shown that olive oil offers protection against heart disease by controlling LDL ("bad") cholesterol levels while raising HDL (the "good" cholesterol) levels.

(1-3) No other naturally produced oil has as large an amount of monounsaturated as olive oil -mainly oleic acid.

LDL vs. HDL

 Type of fat             Monounsaturated Polyunsaturated Saturated        Other elements

Olive oil  74 % 8 %  14 %  4 % 

Canola oil  59 %  30 %  7 %  4 % 

Peanut oil  46 %  32 %  17 %   5 % 

Corn oil 24 %  59 %  13 %  4 % 

Soybean oil 23 %  58 %  14 %  4 % 

Sunflower oil 20 %  65 %  10 %  5 % 

Safflower oil 14 % 75 % 6 %  5 % 

Walnut oil 23 % 63 %  9 %  5 % 

Palm kernel oil 11 % 2 %  81 %  6 % 

Palm oil 37 % 9 %  50 %  4 % 

Coconut oil 6 % 2 %  86 %  6 % 

Butter 30 % 4 %  62 %  4 % 

Shortening 30 % 37 %  29 %  4 % 

Tallow (rendered fatof cattle or sheep) 42 % 4 %  50 % 

So why does olive oil lower blood pressure?

One possible reason is its polyphenol content.

Polyphenols are potent antioxidants which help arteries dilate, thereby reducing blood pressure.

Ten grams of extra-virgin olive oil contains five mg of polyphenols; sunflower oil has no polyphenols.

Diabetes Benefits

Diabetes Benefits From Olive Oil People living with diabetes have to work hard to

keep their blood sugar, also called blood glucose, levels under control. One way to do so is to eat a diet that is fairly low in carbohydrates. Because people with diabetes are also at an elevated risk of developing heart disease, they are advised to limit their intake of dietary fat.

Oleic Acid

Oleic Acid - oleic acid (omega 9) makes up 55 - 85 percent of the fatty acids in olive oil. Don't confuse this with the amount of free oleic acid which is the main factor used to determine the grade of the olive oil and the lower the better. It's great for your skin - read about common oils used in soaps and how they can do so much more than just clean your skin. Oleic acid aids in keeping our arteries supple and helps prevent cancer

Polyphenols

Heart Health and Cholesterol - extra virgin olive oil is high in polyphenols (a powerful antioxidant) and monounsaturated fat which contributes to lowering bad cholesterol.

Blood Pressure

Blood Pressure - Studies now indicate that extra virgin olive oil may help to lower blood pressure. Patients were able to reduce or eliminate the need for medications when olive oil was consumed on a regular basis.

In March 2005 U.S. Food and Drug Administration credited olive oil with decreasing the risk of coronary heart disease.

Alzheimers

Alzheimers - this disease is associated with the clogging of arteries caused by cholesterol and saturated fat. Replacing other fats with olive oil will reduce the risk.

Gallstones

Gallstones - Olive oil promotes the secretion of bile and pancreatic hormones naturally and lowers the incidence of gallstones.

What Is Oleocanthal and How Can It Help You?

– An article published by Philadelphia researchers in the September 2005 issue of Nature identified a compound in olive oil called oleocanthal that has anti-inflammatory action. Their studies revealed that this compound can act like ibuprofen and other anti-inflammatory medications.

Inflammation Benefits From Olive Oil

Inflammation within the body may occur in response to cigarette smoking or eating large amounts of saturated fat and trans fat.

In overweight or obese people, excess fat from fat cells can float through the bloodstream and cause inflammation.

Inflammation

Certain dietary fats cause more of an inflammatory response than others.

Trans fat and the saturated fat in animal foods stimulate inflammation.

To a smaller extent, polyunsaturated fat in foods such as safflower oil, sunflower oil, and corn oil trigger inflammation, as well.

Again, this is where olive oil helps. Olive oil's phytonutrients -- in this case phenolic

compounds called squalene, beta-sitosterol, and tyrosol -- don't cause the inflammation that other fats do.

Cancer

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States next to heart disease, and will claim more than half a million lives this year.

WHY OLIVE OIL? It is the only added lipid [fat] that has not been

associated with increased risk of cancer," said Dimitrios Trichopoulos, an epidemiology professor at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Cancer prevention

Cancer - researchers at the University of Oxford believe that olive oil may be just as effective in the prevention of colon cancer as fresh fruits and veggies. A diet rich in olive oil has been shown to reduce the incidence of colon., breast and skin cancers.

Breast Cancer

Olive oil may actually prevent cancer, according to a study released earlier this year. The study showed that oleic acid, the main monounsaturated fatty acid in olive oil, can cripple a cancer gene responsible for 25 to 30 percent of all breast cancers.

Food and Drug Administration

Olive Oil Makers are allowed to say on their labels that there is “ limited and not conclusive” evidence that people could reduce the risk of coronary disease by replacing saturated fats in their diets with olive oil.

Peter Panagotacos M.D. Dermatology of San Francisco CA 94123Peter Panagotacos M.D. Dermatology of San Francisco CA 94123 Peter Panagotacos M.D.Peter Panagotacos M.D. Owner of Lykovouno Extra Virgin Olive Oil Company Owner of Lykovouno Extra Virgin Olive Oil Company Lykovouno@gmail.comLykovouno@gmail.com

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