health benefits of a natural fiber from sugarcane botanical symposium 2014.pdfpotential health...

20
Potential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How Plants from Louisiana Help Maintain Health 2/25/14

Upload: ngokhanh

Post on 16-Mar-2018

220 views

Category:

Documents


4 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Potential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane

Daniel S. Hsia, M.D.Backyard Remedies: 

How Plants from Louisiana Help Maintain Health2/25/14

Page 2: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Outline

• Background

• Why sugarcane fiber?

• Clinical pilot study

Page 3: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Fiber

• Complex class of substances consisting of the edible, non‐starch, polysaccharide portion of plant foods generally classified into:– Solubledissolves in water to form a gelatinous substance that is fermented in the large intestine

– Non‐solubleabsorbs water and moves through the digestive system, undergoing very little fermentation

Page 4: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Examples of Fiber Sources

Satija, A and Hu, FB. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2012 December

Page 5: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Importance of Dietary Fiber

• Diets high in fiber have been shown to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease

• Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends 25‐35 g of fiber per day

• Average American diet contains ~10 to 15 g of fiber per day 

• Obese adults and children have the lowest fiber intake

Page 6: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Proposed Mechanisms of Fiber Intake

Satija, A and Hu, FB. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2012 December

Page 7: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

What is Sugarcane Bagasse?• By‐product from the manufacture of raw sugar from sugarcane

• Fiber material left over after cane juice is extracted during the milling process– Cellulose                                      46 %– Hemicellulose                            24.5 %– Lignin                                          19.95 %– Fats and waxes                          3.45 %– Ash                                               2.4 %– Silicon                                          2.0 %– Other substances                      1.70 %

• Discarded…but Louisiana has lots of it

Page 8: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Sugarcane Processing

Courtesy of the Audubon Sugar Institute

Page 9: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Why Sugarcane Bagasse?

• Policosanol is a mixture of alcohols derived from sugarcane wax, yams, and beeswax– Reported to lower LDL, increase HDL, and have anti‐clotting effects (results have been mixed)

• Unique source of organic fiber for use as a human dietary supplement

Page 10: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Pre‐clinical Studies

• High fat diet alone vs high fat diet plus one of the following:– 10% sugarcane fiber (SCF) vs 10% psyllium (PSY) vs 10% cellulose (CEL)

• 12 week intervention

Page 11: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Results

• No difference in amount of food eaten

• Sugarcane fiber group gained the least amount of weight

• SCF and PSY groups had the lowest fasting blood sugar and insulin levels

Page 12: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Funded by a pilot grant from the Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center and by a Botanical Research Center grant

Clinical Pilot Study

Page 13: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Clinical Pilot Study

• Hypotheses– Eating food containing sugarcane fiber compared to cellulose or minimal fiber will improve glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity

– Sugarcane fiber consumption may aid in weight loss and prevent weight gain

– Sugarcane fiber consumption will enhance gut hormones related to satiety 

Page 14: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Methods

• Randomized double‐blind placebo controlled pilot study in obese, insulin resistant adults

• Randomized to eat cookies/brownies supplemented with one of the following:– sugarcane bagasse (13g total per day) – cellulose (13g total per day) – minimal fiber (4g total per day)

Page 15: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Bagasse Processing

Page 16: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Preliminary Results

• 21 people completed the study– 7 in each group

• No significant adverse events were reported • No significant weight change occurred• Results were mixed

– Suggestion of improved insulin sensitivity in the sugarcane fiber group

Page 17: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Future Aims

• Analysis of stool samples 

• Consider a larger study with more people and for a longer period of time

• Development of other foods with sugarcane fiber

Page 18: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Summary

• Fiber supplementation has a role in the prevention of obesity, diabetes, and CV disease

• Finding an alternative use for bagasse as a fiber supplement would have important health and economic impact for Louisiana

Page 19: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

References

Anderson JW, et al.  “Health benefits of dietary fiber.” Nutr Rev. 2009 Apr;67(4):188‐205.Chandalia M, et al.  “Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.” N Engl J Med. 2000 May 11;342(19):1392‐8.Satija A, Hu FB. “Cardiovascular benefits of dietary fiber.” Curr AtherosclerRep. 2012 Dec;14(6):505‐14.Wang, ZQ, et al. “Comparing the effects of nano‐sized sugarcane fiber with cellulose and psyllium on hepatic cellular signaling in mice.” Int J Nanomedicine. 2012;7:2999‐3012.Wang, ZQ, et al. “Effects of dietary fibers on weight gain, carbohydrate metabolism, and gastric ghrelin gene expression in mice fed a high‐fat diet.” Metabolism. 2007 Dec;56(12):1635‐42.

Page 20: Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Botanical Symposium 2014.pdfPotential Health Benefits of a Natural Fiber from Sugarcane Daniel S. Hsia, M.D. Backyard Remedies: How

Thank You