headings.pptx

7/25/2019 Headings.pptx

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S I M A R P R E E T S I N G H

M . E . ( I T ) 2 0 1 3 - 1 5

R O L L N O . 1 3 - 6 2 1

U N D E R T H E G U I D A N C E O F

M s . I N D E R D E E P K A U R A U L A K HC O O R D I N A T O R & A S S I S T A N T P R O F E S S O R ( I T )

U I E T , P A N J A U N I ! E R S I T "

Optimization of BER in Cogniti!Ra"io N!t#o$%s Using &HSS an"

En!$g'(!ffi)i!nt OBRMBSp!)t$*m S!nsing


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Layout

Introduction

Literature Review

Research Gaps

Proposed SystemParameters & Results

Conclusion & Future Scope

Publications

References


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Introduction

RF S#$%'

C*+$ R/*

S#$%' S$+

S#$%' S$+ U#/$DSSS / FHSS

I$+'/+ S#$%' S$+ / S+/ M*/*


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Radio Frequency(RF) Spectrum

P/' * EM #$%' *' '/* 4/$ #'*#/+/* (3H-3000GH).

F'$$%$ /'$ %$$ 78 '$+/*'8 /9*'$.

E:#*$/ +'*49 4'$$ %*%/*, /*%/*/ //+$$ 9/ 7$%*$ / %'%/ $.

A7* 15-;5< * #$%' $'$ / / #/'%/'/%$ (FCC).

L$ '$*'%$, $%$ /* / =$8 *' '$4'$$ %*%/*.

C*+$ '/* / $+$ 4'$$ $%9**+8 */'$ 9$ #'*7$ * $'-/* * #$%''$*'%$.


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Cognitive Radio

J*$#9 M*/ (1>>;).

C/#/7$ * *$ $$%/ $/'$ %9 / 9=+,$/'+, $'/+, #$'%$+, '$/*+,'$$7$'+ $%.

D8/%/8 %9/+$ $/'$ 78 $+ RF$'*$.

Sp!)t$*m +o,!s? $ #*'* * #$%'.

P$ima$' *s!$? / %$$ $' /*%/$ / $ *'$$%$.

Cogniti! *s!$? *$ * 9/$ / %$$, 7 $#$%' 9*$.


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A cyclic process

RADIOEN!IRONM-

ENT

SPECTRUMSENSING

SPECTRUMMGMT.

SPECTRUMSHARING

SPECTRUMMOILIT"


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Sp!)t$*m s!nsing-

#'*%$ * $$%+ #$%' 9*$ 78 $$'+

9$ #'$$%$ *' /7$%$ * #'/'8 $'. Sp!)t$*m manag!m!nt -

#'*%$ * $$%+ 9$ 7$ ///7$ %9/$ 78//8+ 9$ %9/$.

Sp!)t$*m s+a$ing - $/ 49 9$ /* * $'$'$%$ /*+

%*+$ '/* $'. Sp!)t$*m moi,it' -

%*+$ '/* $' $/%/$ 9$ #$%' / /'$+ /+/.


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Spectrum Sensing

A78 * $/'$ ///78 * #$%' 78 '/ #*4$',$'$'$%$ / *$.

E$'+8 $$%*, /%9$ $' $$%*, %8%*/*/'8$/'$ $$%* $%.

Coop!$ati!-

/$ * %**#$'/$ %*%/* /*+ %*+$ '/*.

E/%9 $' $ $$%* '$ * *9$' $'.

H$# #'*$ $$%* '$.

Non Coop!$ati!- I/ $$%* / $#$$$%*.


9/40


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Spectrum Sensing Updates

T* 7$+ / $ #$%' $+.O$ *$ +$$'/$ '$$, 9$ *9$' #$'*' $+

/ $ 7/%= '$.

A #/' * '$$-'$#8 ($9$' *$-7 *' 4*-7 '$#8) '$'$.

Spectru

mSensingQuery

Spectru

mSensingReply

Sensing Request

Response

Sensing Request

Sensing Request

Response

Response


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Spread Spectrum Modulation

T* /=$ '/* %*%/* *'$ $%'$,/8 *' /'8 $.

S#'$/+ 9$ *'+/ $/+$ *$' / 4$'

7/49 %9 9/ * / %**'$//7$ *'.

A##$/' / 4$7/ *$ +/ * / $'%$#*'.

T4* $%9$? D'$% S$$%$ S#'$/ S#$%' F'$$%8 H*##+ S#'$/ S#$%'


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DSSS

O'+/ $/+$ #'$/ + / %9##+ %*$*$' / %/''$' '$$%8 / $$/ *'$'

M$/+$ #/'*$ / #'$/ / $$%$*$' / 4$' 7/49.

S#'$/ +/ 9$ '/$ *$' 9$ %9/$

R$%$$' $ 9$ /$ %9##+ %*$ / $:'/%

9$ *'+/ $/+$.


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Signal Modulation and Cognition

C*%/$/* * %*+$ #'*%$ 49DSSS@FHSS.

S$$' / '$%$$' 7$%*$ %*+$ $' 49%9

9/$ / /*/ $*'.R$#*7$ *' +/+ *'/* '* 9$ RF

''*+ 78 #$%' $+.

S$+ '$ /'$ '$/8$ 7/%= * 9$ $%$ 49%9

//# /%%*'+8.


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Literature Review

S#$%' S$+N. 9/*, R.". F$, S. H*+B/ / A. N///9/, /En!$g'(!ffi)i!nt)oop!$ati! sp!)t$*m s!nsing s)+!m!s fo$ )ogniti! $a"ion!t#o$%s./EURASIP J*'/ * '$$ C*%/* / N$4*'=+,

!*. 120, *. 1, ##. 1-13, 2013. A9*' 9/$ #'*#*$ 4* $$'+8-$%$ / $-/+ *$-7

%**#$'/$ #$%' $+ %9$$, 49%9 9/$ 4* /+$ 9$ #$%'$+ #'*%$. T9$8 9/$ 4*'=$ * $/$ *' $ 9$ // '*# 78#'*#*+ $4 $%9$ 7/$ * $+. T9$8 9/$ /$ *$-7 $%*,

49%9 $ 78 $/%9 %*+$ $' * $ 9$ *$'9$/ %*. T9$ $%*#'*#*$ /+*'9 /=$ $ * 9$ %*#$$ *%/ $%* * 9$ %*/'$$$%*, / /* $$'+8 %*#* '9$' '$%$ 49 $+#$'*'/%$ %*$ * 9$ ' /+*'9. S/* /'$ #$'*'$, / 9$'$ 9*4 9/ 9$ $+ $ / $$'+8 %*#* /'$ 7*9+%/8 '$%$ 9$ #'*#*$ %9$$.


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I.F. A=8, .F. L*, R. //='9/, Coop!$ati! sp!)t$*ms!nsing in )ogniti! $a"io n!t#o$%s- A s*$!', E$$',P98%/ C*%/*, !*. , *. 1, ##. 0-62, 2011.

A9*' 9/$ '$8$ /'* #$%' $+ $%9$ %9

/ $$'+8 $$%*, /%9 $' $$%*, %8%*/*/'8 $/'$$$%* $%. E:$$ '$$/'%9 9/ 7$$ *$ * %**#$'/$#$%' $+ * $%*$ /$/ $$$ /$+/$ $/ 9*4 $/%9 $$$ #/8 / #*'/ '*$ %**#$'/$ $+. F'9$'*'$, / 7$' * %*%/**$'9$/ %9 / $+ $ / $/8, $$'+8-$%$%8,*78, $%'8, 4$7/ $+ $%. 9/$ 7$$ %$ 49%99$' 9$ /%9$/7$ %**#$'/$ +/. A*, '$ '$$/'%9%9/$+$ *' #*7$ /'$/ * #'*$$ 9/$ 7$$ #'$$$.


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ER A/8 49 FHSS +/

R. D. R/, . D. /, 0BER p!$fo$man)! maint!nan)! at +ig+"ata $at!s in )ogniti! $a"io1, 209 I$'/*/ C*$'$%$ *E$%'*%, C*%/* / C*#$', IEEE, ##. 62-6, 2010.

A9*' 9/$ 4*'=$ * FHSS * // ER #$'*'/%$ /%'$/$ /%/ // '/$ $/ * #'*+ ER / //+ 9$*'+/ // '/$. T9$8 9/$ #'*#*$ / //#$ 8$ 49%9 // $ 49 9+9$' /%%'/%8 49 %'$/$ 7/49 %*'/ * *-//#$ 8$ 49%9 ER /* %'$/$ 49 %'$/$ 7/49.

T9 *$ 78 /=+ 9$ /+*'9 *'$ $%$ 78 9$ $ */*/ 7 / /*/ $$/ / %*7/*/ *+%. T9'$ %'$/$ %*#/*/ $ 7 '/%/8 '$%$ 9$ ER.R$ 9*4 9/ 78 %'$/+ 9$ 7 #$' '/$ '* 5 * 15, 9$'$ /'$%* * 2.5< ER.


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Research Gaps

DSSS $ 9$ ///7$ #$%' * #/', *'$:/#$, %*$*/ '/* 8$, ;3.5 MH

7/ $ * 3 %9/$ * 22 MH $/%9.

9$ // '/$ * %9 / %9/$, 9$'$ / 9+9$' #'*7/78 * /$'$ $$% * $'$'$%$* .

E:+ /+*'9 $ / #/' * 7-'$$ / 7-

'$#8 *' #/$. A #$%' $+ /%** #'*%$, #$ 7-'$$ /'$'$'$ 49%9 %'$/$ *$'9$/.


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One!it Returns Multiple!its (O!RM!)

N*$ *$ * 9/$ * $ / '$$ * %9$%= 9$///78 * 9$ =.

T$' /'$ $ * /%9$$ #$'*%8 #$%' $+.

D$#$ * 9$ 7$' * $'/* (#'$-#$%$) *'

49%9 9$ %8%$ $$ * 7$ '$#$/$.

Spectrum

Sensing

uery

Spectrum

Sensing

Reply

Sensing Re!uest "#$

Response "%$

Response "$

Sensing Re!uest "#$

Response "'$

Response "#$


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Spectrum Sensing Module

I/ $# C*$%* $# '$$ '* $$' C*$%* $# /%=*4$+$ '* '$%$$'

A9$%/*? P'$-9/'$ =$8 /%9+

$8 G$$'/* R/* $$ /$ / C*#$ =$8?

$8 ($$) : %*($$) : *+($$) S9/'$ $$K 49 '$%$$'.

S#$%' S$+

F*' FHSS-CR, $' /'. R$%$$' +$$'/$ $8 '* $$K. S$+ *' ///7$ '$$%$.

$8 !$'%/* I =$8 /%9$, '$$%8 ///7$ $$ * ///7$.

F'$$%8 S$


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"ransmission Module

D// G$$'/* R/* // / # '* *'%$.

S#'$/$' (DS@FH) S#'$/+ / $$%+ 7/$ * */*.

AGN C9/$ T'/* * 9$ '$$%8 $ *$' AGN.

D$-#'$/$' (DS@FH)

R$$'$ #'*%$ * '$'$$ //.A/8 C/%/* * '$ 7/$ * $$%$ #/'/$$'.


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D// G$$'/*

S#'$/ D//

C*$%* S$#

A9$%/*

$8 /$ S#$%' S$+

F'$$%8 S$

T'/* *$' AGN

D$-S#'$/ D//

O'+/ D//


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Results and Analysis

F*' M*$? DSSS DSSS-CR FHSS FHSS-CR (49 ORM)

P/'/$$'? ER P'*7/78 * $$%* / /$ //' O$'9$/ E$'+8 %*#/'*


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!iterror rate

R/* * 7$' * $''*$* 7 '$%$$ * 9$*/ 7$' * '/$ 7.

ER (N*. * E''*' ) @ (T*/ 7 7$' * 7

'/$''$)7$''K %* MATLA.

C*#/'$ 9$ // 7 49 9$ '$%$$ 7$$$-78-$$$ * $$% 9$ 7$' * 7 9/

$'.ER %/%/$ *' SNR 1 * 1;.


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BIT ERROR RATE 2BER3

SNR DSSS DSSS(OB &HSS &HSS(OB

% ()('*+ ()((#*+ ()(%#, ()((*'-

()(#*+ ()((-*+ ()(%#, ()((%-,

' ()(%,*+ ()(('(( ()(%%%% ()(((%

# ()(%+(( ()((''' ()(('%+ ()((((

- ()(%'(( ()((+*+ ()((,- ()(((+%

* ()(%'(( ()(('(( ()((#+* ()(((+

+ ()(%%'' ()(((( ()((#+* ()(((-.

. ()((,'' ()((%*+ ()((%-, ()(((.%

, ()((#*+ ()(('' ()(((.+ ()((('%( ()((+'' ()((*+ ()(((-- ()(((('

%% ()((-*+ ()((%(( ()((('. ()(((*+

% ()((-*+ ()(('' ()(((*# ()(((%+

%' ()((''' ()((%(( ()((('- ()(((+,

%# ()(('*+ ()((%(( ()(((+ ()(((,+

%- ()((#*+ ()((%(( ()(((, ()(((.,

%* ()((%*+ ()((%'' ()(((-# ()(((%

%+ ()(('' ()(((*+ ()((((. ()(((,

%. ()(('' ()((%(( ()(((., ()(((.'

A4ERAGE ()(%(%% ()((- ()(('.* ()(((.+

TOTAL ()%.(( ()(#-'' ()(*,# ()(%-+%


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P'*7/78 * D$$%*? =$9** * #'$$%$ * 9$ /%/ #'/'8 $'K +/ / /#$.

P'*7/78 * F/$ //'? =$9** * #'/'8 $'K +/ 7$+ 4'*+8$$%$ 49$ * /%/8 #'$$.

#ro$a$ility o% detection and %alse alarm


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Over&ead

N7$' * 7 '$'$ * %/''8 * //'/*.

* $# %*$%*, // / %*''$%8

$ / '$%$$ // 7$4$$ 4* *$.DSSS-CR? *$'9$/3

FHSS-CR? *$'9$/5

S#$%' $+? F*' $/%9 $+ '$$? *$'9$/*$'9$/1 F*' $/%9 $+ '$#*$? *$'9$/*$'9$/1


33/40


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'nergy Comparison

I/8, */ $$'+8 * 9$ 8$ 1003, O%*7$' 201.

2. S/'#'$$ S+9, I$'$$# /' A/=9, ER P$'*'/%$ A/8 *

F'$$%8-H*##+ / D'$%-S$$%+ S#'$/ S#$%' *' C*+$R/* N$4*'=, I$'/*/ J*'/ * R$%$ / I*/* T'$ C*#+ / C*%/* (IJRITCC), !*. 3, I$ 5, ##. 315-31;, M/8 2015.

3. S/'#'$$ S+9, I$'$$# /' A/=9, R$ !+, O#/* *ER C*+$ R/* N$4*'= U+ FHSS / E$'+8-$%$ORM S#$%' S$+, I$'/*/ J*'/ * C*%/*S8$ ($8), 2015. (U$'-'$$4)


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References

N. 9/* F R *u H Sun and A +allanat&an ,E$'+8-$%$ %**#$'/$#$%' $+ %9$$ *' %*+$ '/* $4*'=,'URAS-# .ournal on/ireless Comm and +et0or1ing2013.

E. R$7$,F *uan # Urri2a D. M/'=*%,D Ca$ric E$'+8-E%$P'*%$*' *' S+/ C/%/* C*+$ R/*, IEEE, 201.

N. 9/*, A *$ 4*-/+$ $'*#8-7/$ '*7 %**#$'/$ #$%' $+%9$$ 49 4*-7 $%* %*+$ '/*, /ireless #ers Comm 2013.

R. U/' / A. S9$=9, A %*#/'/$ 8 * #$%' /4/'$$ $%9$*' %*+$ '/* *'$$ 4'$$ $4*'=, P98 C*, !*. >, ##. 1;-10,2013.

. R$, . 9/*, / A. S4/, T$#*'/ '/% 8/% #'*$ 9$

%*$%8 * / 9*% %*+$ '/* $4*'=, IEEE@ACM T'//%* *N$4*'=+, !*. 22, *. 1, ##. 12-136, 201.

I. . A/=9 / R. !+, O#/* * S$%*/'8 U$' A%%$ C*+$R/* N$4*'=, P'*%$$+ * IEEE RAECS, 201, C9/+/'9, I/,M/'%9, 201.


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I. . A/=9 / R. !+, O#/* * SUK P'*7/78 * F/$ A/' *' D8/%S#$%' A%%$ C*+$ R/*, P'*%$$+ * IEEE ;9 INDIAC*, 201, N$4D$9, I/, ##. ;1-;1>, M/'%9, 201.

G. G/$/, ". L, C**#$'/$ #$%' $+ %*+$ '/* N$4*'=#roceedings o% t&e -nternational Symposium on +e0 Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum

Access +et0or1s 3453 I.F. A=8, .F. L*, R. //='9/, C**#$'/$ #$%' $+ %*+$ '/*

$4*'=? A '$8, E$$', P98%/ C*%/*, !*. , *. 1, ##. 0-62, 2011.

D. I%$7/%/=, R. /, . T/, J.M. /'%$*-O'/, / J. G/'%/-!/, O#/ //%*#'$* *' $$ /:/* 4'$$ $*' $4*'= *#$'/+ $/9*$, A H*% N$4*'=, !*. 2, ##. 13-1, 201.

L.U. RM, ".E. G/H/, M.A. JL+, L.I. "*+C9/*, H.$, A N$'%/ %*#/'*7$4$$ FHSS / DSSS /$$ %*%/* 8$ 49 *-7*/' #'*%$+, 2 I$'/*/ C*+'$ * I/+$ / S+/ P'*%$+, ##. 1-, 200>.

J. L, J. 9/+, . T/, $''*' '/$ * 9$ #'/'8 $' / %*+$ '$/8 $4*'= *$''/8$+9-/+ %9/$, 59I$'/*/ C*$'$%$ * '$$ C*%/*,N$4*'=+ / M*7$ C*#+, IEEE, ##. 1-, 200>.

R. D. R/, . D. /, ER #$'*'/%$ /$/%$ / 9+9 // '/$ %*+$'/*, 209 I$'/*/ C*$'$%$ * E$%'*%, C*%/* / C*#$',IEEE, ##. 62-6, 2010.

S. M/$=, A. P/9/'#/$, G. L$, T4*-/+$ #$%' $+ *' %*+$ '/*,#roceedings o% t&e -''' -nternational Con%erence * A%*%,Speec& Signal and#rocessing2010.


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T9/= "*Q

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