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The cerebral hemispheres lateral view

Cerebrum has 5 hemispheres: ____________________________ _____________________________________________________Gyrus = _______, sulcus = _______, fissure = _____________

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Brain- Saggital section

Thalamus

________ ___________

________

Hypothalamus

Optic chiasm

_________

Corpora quadrigemina

__________ _______

_________

Medulla oblongata

Brain- The Limbic SystemRegulates emotion and memoryThalamus: gateway to the cerebrum, ___________________________

Hypothalamus: many critical functions

Cingulate gyrus: coordinates senses with ________________________

Amygdala: emotional sensory inputs

Hippocampus: converts ___________ _______________________________

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Ventricles of the Brain

Ventricles are a communicating network of _________________ ________________________________________________________4 total: Two lateral, 3rd ventricle (cerebral aqueduct) and 4th ventricle

Brain- Blood Vessels

Right and left internal carotid arteries divide into ________________ cerebral arteries forming an _________________________________It encircles the ________________________ and is a common site for ________________________________________.

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Cranial Nerves

1Numbered anterior to

t i2

345

6789

10 12

posterior

Old Opie Occasionally Trots Triumphantly And Feels Very Gleeful, Victorious And Happy

1112

I. Olfactory II. OpticIII. Oculomotor

12 CRANIAL NERVES- PNS

IV. TrochlearV. TrigeminalVI. AbducensVII. FacialVIII. VestibulocochlearIX. GlossopharyngealX VagusX. VagusXI. Accessory XII. Hypoglossal

__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________

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__________: tongue, face, chewing

_____: tongue, auricle salivary glands, facial

iexpression

________________: tongue, carotid arteries, parotid, pharynx

_______: thorax and abdomen, thorax and abdomen, pharynx

Sensory motor

Olfactory Nerve (CN 1): Smell

______________ ______________

Frontal sinus

Nasal bones

_____________

Sphenoid sinus

_____________ _____________ Opening of

nasolacrimal duct

Opening of most sinuses

_____

_____________

_____

Maxillary part of palate

Palatine part of palate

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Nasal bonesFrontal sinus

Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone_____________

Saggital section through the nose

_____________ _____________

Sphenoid sinus

Cartilage

______________________

Optic Nerve (CN 2): Sight

Optic nerve exits the posterior eye, ____________________________ ______, continues to occipital lobes as optic tract

Optic ______

Optic ______

Optic ______

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Optic canal

Orbit

7 bones: zygomatic, frontal, maxillary, sphenoid, ethmoid,

Frontal

Sphenoid________

lacrimal, palatine

Optic canal in base of ______________ ________________

________

Maxilla

___________ ______

Zygomatic______

OrbitLevator palpebrae superioris ____________________; __________ ____________________________________________Conjunctiva on posterior surface of eye lidLacrimal gland makes tears drained byLacrimal gland makes tears, drained by _______________________

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Eye MusclesFour rectus muscles: Superior, inferior, medial (CN __); lateral (CN __); all __________________________Two obliques: superior (CN __), inferior (CN __); originate on sphenoid and maxilla respectivelyand maxilla respectively

Eye: Anterior and Posterior segments_______ humourjelly-like in ______________

_______ humourLiquid in _______________

Sclera

Choroid

L

Ciliary muscle

IrisCorneaPupil

Choroid

Retina

Lens

Vitreous body

anterior segment

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Fibrous layer (2)

Sclera _______________________________Cornea transparent, collagen fibers, _______ ______________________________________

Sensoryllayer

Vascular Layer (3)

Choroid vascular pigmented membrane

Ciliary Muscle __________________

Iris ___________________________________ round central opening = p g ________

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NEAR________ of muscle

FAR_________

LENS ACCOMMODATION (changing focus)Ciliary muscles: CN III

of muscleof muscle

Sensorylayer

Retina:Pigmented layer

___________________________

Neural Layercontains contains ____________________

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All with

V1 OPHTHALMIC___________________________

CN V: Trigeminal

All with sensory

branches, V3also with motor to

muscles of mastication

_________

V2 MAXILLARYzygomaticinfraorbital

V3- MANDIBULARauriculotemporal

________________

CN V: Trigeminal

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Posterior auricular: _________

CN VII: Facial

_________________________ _____________________

Five motor terminal branches to muscles of _____________

Temporal

23

ZygomaticBuccalMandibularCervical

External, Middle & Inner Ear

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_________________ make ear

The External Ear

Funnels and amplifies sound

______ _______

wax; hair

External acoustic meatus

(EAM)

ll

The Middle Ear

_______ _______

_______

Tympanum _______ _______ _______ ___________

malleus

incus

t

oval window

round stapes

tympanic membrane

window

Eustacian(auditory) tube

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2nd most common problem in children because ______ ______________________

Otitis Media: Middle ear infection

______________________

Spread of infection from respiratory system can ______________ leading to hearing loss

Myringotomy:Myringotomy: ____________

Nasopharynx

Eustachian tube

The Inner Ear

BONY Labyrinth with _________ vs MEMBRANOUS Labyrinth

with ___________

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INNER EAR

1.________ 2. ________ 3. _________________

Bony labyrinth:

-cochlearduct

-_______ (elevator)-_______ (race car)

- semicircular duct

Membranous labyrinth:

Function:*_________ *Equilibrium

(_______________)*Equilibrium

(_____________ _______________ )

Function:

Cranial nerve VIII

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Mouth

Twenty primary deciduous teeth have

Primary Teeth

deciduous teeth have shallow roots and fall out.

___ incisors__ cuspids (canines)___ molars

32

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32 secondary permanent teeth.

Secondary Teeth

teeth.

_ incisors (central and lateral)_ cuspids (canines)_ bicuspids_ molars (1st and 2nd)_ wisdom (3rd molars)

Tooth structure: Incisor

Parts: Crown connected to root by the neck. Root is fixed in ______ ________________________. Teeth surrounded by ______ (gums).

is covered by______ is covered by ______ in the crown and ________ in the root.

Root canal transmits nerves and vessels to the __________.

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Tongue

InnervationStructure

Cranial nerve IX

Sensory : ___________ ________________, part of the andof the _________ and _____, ______arteries of the neck.Motor : pharyngeal muscles involved in ___________ , ______ salivary gland via the oticy gganglion

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Cranial nerve X

Cranial nerves XI and XII

Motor to muscles of the neck and upper backXI: ___________ and _________________ muscles, _____ cords, ___________________, ____________XII: skeletal muscles of the _______