HDB’s Solar PV Journey

in Singapore

Ng Bingrong

Deputy Director (Energy Research)

Building & Research Institute

Housing & Development Board

720 km2

5.6 million population

SINGAPORE

SINGAPORE CONSUMED

20,088.0

(42.3%)

17,481.0

(36.8%)

2,445.8

(5.1%)

7,220.9

(15.2%)

279.1

(0.6%)

* Figures taken from Singapore Energy Statistics (SES) 2015

Industry

Related

Commerce &

Service RelatedTransport

Related

Households Others

93% home ownership1 million flats

23 towns Houses 83% of populationHDB Heartlands

PUNGGOL

SENGKANG

HOUGANG

ANG MO KIO

BISHAN

KALLANG WHAMPOAGEYLANG BEDOK

TAMPINESCHANGI AIRPORT

PASIR RIS

CHANGI VILLAGE

YISHUN

SEMBAWANG

WOODLANDS

BUKIT PANJANG

CHOA

CHU

KANG

BUKIT BATOK

JURONG

EAST

JURONG WEST

CLEMENTI

QUEENSTOWN

BUKIT MERAH

CENTRAL AREA

MARINE PARADE ESTATE

FARRER ROAD ESTATE

BUKIT TIMAH ESTATE

TENGAH

SIMPANG

Poor Housing Conditions

2010s2000s1990s1980s1970s1960s

Functional Homes

Comprehensive Town Planning

Design Quality

Enhancing Greenery

Driving Sustainability & Liveability

DRIVING FOR BETTER LIVING

CLIMATE CHANGE

A GROWING POPULATION

RISING

ASPIRATIONS

SOCIAL COHESION

NEW CHALLENGES

AGEING

POPULATION

Sustainable Development Framework

1. SSB: 20% energy reduction (new), 30% energy reduction (existing)

2. Solar capability building programme (nationwide)

DESIRED

OUTCOME

STRATEGIES INITIATIVES TOWN

KPIs

NATIONAL

KPIs

Sustainable Development Framework

o Build the solar capability for urban setting in the tropics

o Wide-scale solar PV test-bedding in both new & existing

precincts

Key Objectives

• Building up expertise in solar energy generation

• Achieving proficiency in design & installation

• Achieving cost-effectiveness

• Enhancing maintainability

Key Strategies

• R&D

• Large-scale test-bed

• Innovative business model

9

Solar Capability Building Programme

TEST-BEDDING OF SOLAR PV TECHNOLOGIES

ANG MO KIO

WOODLANDS

BISHAN

HOUGANG

TAMPINES

MARINE

PARADE

KALLANG /

WHAMPOA

CENTRAL

AREA

BUKIT

MERAH

BUKIT

PANJANG

JURONG

EAST

WELLINGTON

SERANGOON

Choa Chu

Kang

Yishun

Mono-

crystalline

PV (500 kWp)

2009Poly-

crystalline

PV (1 MWp)

2010Amorphous

Thin Film

(300 kWp)

2012CIGS

(1 MWp)

2013

Solar PV Capacity

Yield Comparison by Solar PV Technology

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Monocrystalline Polycrystalline CIGS Amorphous Thin Film

Daily Sun-Hours

Yield Comparison by Solar PV Technology

0.00

1,000.00

2,000.00

3,000.00

4,000.00

5,000.00

6,000.00

7,000.00

Sep-15 Oct-15 Nov-15 Dec-15 Jan-16 Feb-16 Mar-16 Apr-16 May-16 Jun-16 Jul-16 Aug-16

Monocrystalline Polycrystalline CIGS

(Northeastern Region of Singapore – Punggol and Sengkang)

(kWh)

SOLAR LEASING MODEL

o Promote greater involvement from the solar

PV industry

o Mutually beneficial partnership with the Town

Councils and private sector

o More sustainable model for large scale

implementation

Solar PV Capacity

Phase 3

2014

Phase 4Sengkang

Yishun

CCK

2015Phase 5 & 6SolarNova

VariousPunggol

Eco-Town

Phase 1 & 2

2011 2013

Jurong

East

SEMBAWANG

ANG MO KIO

WOODLANDS

TAMPINES

MARINE

PARADE

BUKIT

PANJANG

JURONG

EAST

Choa Chu

Kang

Yishun

Punggol

PASIR RIS

LARGE SCALE DEPLOYMENT OF SOLAR PV

SEMBAWANG

FROM SOLAR LEASING TO SOLARNOVA

Government’s

Target:

by

Partner Agencies

Ministry of Education

(Schools)

National Environment Agency

(Hawker Centres)

Ministry of Home Affairs

(Fire Stations, Prisons)

350Integrated Approach to Solar PV

Procurement for Whole-of-

Government (WOG).

SOLARNOVA

Schools, Hawker Centres, Fire Stations, Prisons, Government Buildings, etc.

Partner Agencies

MWp

Takes Lead In Aggregating Demand

and Procuring Solar PV Panels

HDB

220MWp

153 MWp in 2016

Total commitment by HDB with the launch of 2nd SolarNova tender in October 2016

SolarNova Programme

$8.25

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

120000

140000

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Sola

r P

V C

apac

ity

(kW

p)

Go

vt In

vest

men

t ($

/Wp

)

HDB Installed Capacity Govt Investment ($/Wp)

$0.21

$4.60

Cost of Solar PV Systems for HDB

$0

Yield Comparison (Rainfall)

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

May-15 Jun-15 Jul-15 Aug-15 Sep-15 Oct-15 Nov-15 Dec-15

Punggol (NE) Rainfall (mm)

(Based on Conventional Poly-crystalline Solar PV Panel)

(kWh)mm)

Yield Comparison (For Haze Period)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

May-15 Jun-15 Jul-15 Aug-15 Sep-15 Oct-15 Nov-15 Dec-15

Punggol (NE) Ave Irridiance

(Based on Conventional Poly-crystalline Solar PV Panel)

Start of Haze Period End of Haze Period

(kWh) (MJ/m2)

Yield Comparison by Geographical Area

0.00

1,000.00

2,000.00

3,000.00

4,000.00

5,000.00

6,000.00

7,000.00

8,000.00

Sep-15 Oct-15 Nov-15 Dec-15 Jan-16 Feb-16 Mar-16 Apr-16 May-16 Jun-16 Jul-16 Aug-16

Punggol (NE) Jurong (W)

(Based on Conventional Poly-crystalline Solar PV Panel)

(kWh)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

Sembawang (N) Punggol (NE) Tampines (E) Marine Parade (SE) Jurong (W)

Daily Sun-Hours

Daily Sun-Hours

Average 3.4 Sun-Hours Daily

Solar Installation Sun - Hours

Singapore Sun-Hours

4.7 Sun-Hours

Yield Comparison by Geographical Area

o Pre-planning of rooftop layout for solar PV

o Reduce solar PV installation works on-site

o Improve productivity & better quality solar PV installation

o Test concept in new projects

PEC44 (Punggol Edge)

PWC20/22 (Waterway Terraces)

Solar-Ready Roof

Combining greenery with solar PV

panels to optimize roof space

Building Integrated PV Next Generation Roofing System

Ongoing Research Topics

To tap on other surface areas

to harness sunlight

o Continually organizing seminars and forums within the government

and industry partners

o Seek feedback

o Improve service delivery to residents and Town Councils

Collaboration and Cooperation

Thank You