Highlight of Coloring PlAstics

Jelliarko Palgunadi & Nono SoetedjoHolland Colours Asia

06.27.2014

Outline

HCA – a BRIEF Pigments & Dyes Basic Principles of Plastics Coloration HCA Products Portfolio

Holland Colours Profile Founded in 1979 Over 400 employees Listed at Euronext Stock Exchanges 11% employee owned 6 Plants, 4 Sales Offices World wide network of distributors 2000 Customers in 70 Countries ISO certified (9001, 14001), OHSAS

Focus markets: Packaging Building and Construction Silicones/Elastomers

Holland Colours Profile

HC Worldwide

Profile

Pigments & DyesPigmentsInsoluble particles in a polymer solution (little affinity to the substrate)Inorganic (synthetic & natural): Manganese Violet, Cobalt Blue, Ultramarine

Blue, Chrome Yellow, Nickel Titanate, Chrome Oxide Green, Molybdate Orange, TiO2, Iron oxide, pearlescent pigments, Al/bronze powder, etc.

Organic (synthetic): Carbazol Violet, Di-azocondensate, Isoindoline, Perylene, Quinacridones, Pthalocyanine, Diarylide, Indigo anthraquinones, Mono-azo, etc.

DyesSoluble organic substances in a polymer solution (affinity with the substrate)Acid, basic, mordant, direct, vat, reactive, disperse dyes, etc.

Pigments & Dyes

Color strength Fastness (light, weather, heat, chemical, etc.) Compatibility (migration) Health & safety compliance Price

Principles for colorant selection

Color Strength Inorganic < Organic/dyeHeat stability Inorganic > Organic/dyeWeather resistance Inorganic > Organic/dyeLight fastness Inorganic > Organic/dye

Generally speaking

Principles for colorant selection

Some facts of inorganic pigments Easy to disperse (relatively little work to break down the pigment) Good to excellent heat & weather resistance (suitable for outdoor) Produce opaque color Little, if any, reactivity (some TiO2 grades may degrade PC, synt. Fe2O3

may degrade PVC, ultramarine is acid/base sensitive) Some containing heavy metals (Co, Cd, Cr, Mo, Ni) are not food

contact Abrasive No migration

Pigments & Dyes

Some facts of organic pigments Typically 10-20 times higher strength than that of inorganic pigments Relatively Lower heat, light & weather resistance (except i.e., perylene pigment) Less opaque due to smaller particle size Relatively difficult to disperse due to lipophilic nature Some does not meet safety and health compliance (i.e., diarylides) Relatively more expensive but sometimes more cost effective Potential reactivity with the resin (i.e., carbonyl group on pigment may react with

polyamide resulting in discoloration, phthalo blues are slightly soluble in styrenics and may lead to color control problems, all phthalo pigments may act as nucleators in crystalline resins - leading to uncontrolled shrinkage and warpage - and must be used with care in crystalline materials)

Principles for colorant selection

Pigments & Dyes

General comparison of inorganic vs organic

Pigments & Dyes

Some facts of dyes Moderate to very soluble in the plastics Excellent color strength Produce transparent color Lower heat, light & weather resistance Ease of dispersion Extremely limited in semi-crystalline polymers & plasticized PVC

(migration) Moderately to very compatible with engineering plastics (PET, ABS,

PS, polyamide, etc) Some may react with & degrade the polymer (i.e., SY 163 with PC) Many are not food contact due to migration issue

Principles for colorant selection

Pigments & Dyes

Basic Principles of Plastic ColorationPowdered pigments are formed in production as tiny particles (so-called “primary particles”) which have a high tendency to agglomerate.

Effect of agglomeration: Variation in color shade & intensity Local overconcentration Spots/specks Surface defects Cracks Rapid clogging of filters & spinnerets

(fiber manufacturing), etc.

Light interacts with an object Color perception

Basic Principles

Size is everything

Basic Principles

Weaker color Stronger color

A dispersion:is defined to be the ultimate state of homogeneous suspension of one phase with another.

4 Basic principles of dispersion Wetting Separation of agglomerates Distribution in the melt Stabilization from re-agglomeration

Basic Principles

Color yield = f(pigment size, distribution)

Reflected light on agglomerated (a) & on separated pigments (b).Color strength of (b) > (a)

Effect of dispersion on light reflection

Basic Principles

Basic Principles

Effect of dispersant on distribution & color

Wetting/DispersionPigment aggregates/agglomerates are wetted by the carrier and are broken down into smaller particles (primary particles) as a result of high shear forces.

StabilizationThe carrier system stabilize the dispersion and prevents any tiny particles of pigment from reagglomerating as well as it prevents local overconcentration.

HomogenizationThe suitable selected carrier/dispersant helps pigments particle to be distributed homogeneously throughout the plastic resin.

Basic Principles

Pigment dispersion in non-polymeric carriersHolcobatch, Holcoprill

Liquid dispersionHolcoPET

Basic pigmentsHolcolan, Holcolor

Resin-based masterbatchHolcomaster

HCA Product Porfolio for PlasticsFeatures Optimized processability Economy of colouring Optimal productivity Global uniformity of

production

HOLCOBATCH Minibead pellets (pigment+carrier+additives)

Low melting point (85°C)

Excellent compatibility with various polymers

0.5-1.0mm bead size

Clean, free flowing

Great statistical distribution

High pigmentation & dispersion

Transparent, opaque colours

Special effects colours

Products Porfolio

HOLCOPRILL Low melting point (85°C)

Excellent compatibility with various polymers

2.0-3.0mm bead size

Clean, free flowing

Great statistical distribution

Very high pigmentation

Excellent dispersion

Wide compatibility

Opaque colors

Products Porfolio

HOLCOPET

Liquid colorant

Synthetic carrier system

Excellent compatibility with PET

Excellent dispersion

Mostly suitable at low dosage

No sticking, no burning & cleans!

Products Porfolio

HOLCOMASTER

Clean, free flowing MBC

Excellent compatibility with the application resin

Customizable

1.0-1.5mm pellet size

Optimum pigmentation & dispersion

Opaque colors

Reduction in purging/cleaning costs

Special effects colors

Products Porfolio

HOLCOBATCH vs MASTERBATCH

Faster incorporation into the resin (lower melting point)

Better statistical distribution

Superior dispersion

Higher molding quality at lower dosing rates (gloss, clarity)

Lower cost of coloring

Hydrophobic

Products Porfolio

Applications

etc.

WHY HCA Product performance

Customizable Broad applications Solid & liquid formats

Technical expertise Design (new or existing more functional) To support our products & services To customer’s & their customer’s needs To be their long term partner & advisor

Products Porfolio

Company strengths Quick & accurate color matching

Various applications

Close partnership

Global technical expertise

To be uniqueyou have to be different

Thank You