hazmat awareness erg (modified bagby)

UNIT 1 - “Preparation”

First Responder Awareness Level Training


Hazardous MaterialsHazardous Materials

Defined in numerous waysU.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)U.S. Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA)Illinois Dept. of Labor (IDOL)

Simplified DefinitionExtremely Hazardous Substances

“Haz-Mat” incidents are unique incidents. They require specialized protective measures not normally

available to first responders AND they demand a different operational

approach!

Hazardous Materials IncidentsHazardous Materials Incidents

Mechanisms of HarmMechanisms of Harm

T.E.A.M. C.P.R.Thermal ChemicalEtiological PsychologicalAsphyxiation RadiologicalMechanical

Public Safety “Duty to Act”Public Safety “Duty to Act”

Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.Your level of involvement is defined by your

employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).The actions you are expected to take should be in

Standard Operating Procedure format.NEVER exceed your level of training and

protection!

Awareness Level Response GoalsAwareness Level Response Goals

RecognitionIsolation

ProtectionNotification

North American Emergency Response GuidebookNorth American Emergency Response Guidebook

Your first tool for success.Every emergency vehicle should have a copy.Purpose:

An aid for identification of the material involved.Outlines basic initial actions.Recommends protective action areas.Serves as an initial incident safety plan.

Legal MandatesLegal Mandates

Superfund Amendments and Re-Authorization Act of 1986 (SARA 1986).

SARA Title I, Section 126 mandated OSHA to develop safety regulations for responders.

SARA Title III requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies.

Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response (HazWOpER)OSHA and EPA’s safety standard which was

developed in accordance with the mandate of SARA Title I, Section 126.

Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311.

Enforced in all states by the State Department of Labor and Employment Security as well as OSHA and EPA.

Five Levels of TrainingFive Levels of Training

First Responder Awareness LevelFirst Responder Operational LevelHazardous Materials TechnicianHazardous Materials SpecialistHazardous Materials Incident Commander

Operational ModesOperational ModesAwareness and Operational level

responders take DEFENSIVE actions.Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.

The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.

Unit 2 - “Hazard Identification”

Intro to First Responder Awareness Level TrainingIntro to First Responder

Awareness Level Training

Remember your four goals!Remember your four goals!

RecognitionIsolation

ProtectionNotification

Six Basic Clues to RecognitionSix Basic Clues to Recognition

1 - Occupancy and location2 - Container shape and size3 - Placards and labels4 - Shipping papers/facility

documents5 - Markings and colors6 - Human senses

Clue # 1 - Occupancy and LocationClue # 1 - Occupancy and Location

Specific occupancy or general area

Fixed facilitiesFive modes of hazardous

materials transportationRail, air, marine, highway and

pipelineDrug lab considerations

Clue # 2 - Container Shape and SizeClue # 2 - Container Shape and Size

ClassificationsPortable, fixed or transportation

PressureNon-pressurized, low or high pressure

Vapor Pressure and StorageThe higher the pressure, the greater

the potential for catastrophic failureBLEVE

Clue # 3 - Placards and LabelsClue # 3 - Placards and Labels

Placards and their limitationsNot always requiredThe 1000 pound rule

Placards and labels used for transport are based upon DOT Hazard Class

Nine Hazard ClassesSubdivided into divisionsRefer to page 14-17 of 2008 ERG

Hazard Class 1 - ExplosivesHazard Class 1 - ExplosivesSubdivided into 6 divisions

1.1 - Mass explosion hazard1.2 - Projectile hazard1.3 - Fire, minor blast or projectile1.4 - Minor explosion1.5 - Very insensitive explosives1.6 - Extremely insensitive

TNT, blasting caps, fireworks

Hazard Class 2 - GasesHazard Class 2 - GasesPressurized or liquefiedProduct and container present hazardsThree Subdivisions

2.1 - Flammable gases2.2 - Non-Flammable, Non-Poisonous2.3 - Poisonous Gases

Anhydrous ammonia, compressed liquid nitrogen and liquefied petroleum gases (LPG)

Hazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible LiquidsHazard Class 3 - Flammable/Combustible Liquids

Flammable Liquids can be ignited at room temperature

Combustible Liquids require some degree of pre-heating to ignite

Number 1 rule - eliminate ignition sources

Gasoline, diesel fuel, oil

Hazard Class 4 - Flammable SolidsHazard Class 4 - Flammable Solids

Three subdivisions4.1 - Flammable Solids4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible4.3 - Dangerous when wet

Sulfur, strike anywhere matches

Hazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic PeroxidesHazard Class 5 - Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides

Oxidizers release oxygen to enhance or intensify burn

With strong fuels, oxidizers can create conditions which which can lead to violent combustion

Oxygen, organic peroxides, ammonium nitrate

Hazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious SubstancesHazard Class 6 - Poisonous and Infectious Substances

Poisonous to humanCan include severely irritating

substances“Tear Gas”, Hydrocyanic acid,

Carbon TetrachlorideInfectious Substances

Potential to cause diseases in humans

Anthrax, human blood and many body fluids

Hazard Class 7 - Radioactive MaterialsHazard Class 7 - Radioactive Materials

Ionizing radiation hazardExposure does not always

result in contaminationSafety Rules:

Time, Distance and ShieldingShipped in specialized

containers

I-131, Co-60, LSA-III

Hazard Class 8 – Corrosive Materials (acids & bases/caustics)Hazard Class 8 – Corrosive Materials (acids & bases/caustics)

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials (Other Regulated Material)

Hazard Class 9 - Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials (Other Regulated Material)

ORM A - Dry IceORM B - Quick Lime, Metallic mercuryORM C - Asphalt, Battery partsORM D - Consumer commoditiesORM E - Hazardous substances and

hazardous wastes

Pesticide LabelsPesticide Labels

Product nameActive ingredientsSignal word

CautionWarningDanger (Poison)

Precautionary statements

Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility DocumentsClue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents

MODE CALLED LOCATION

Rail Waybill and Consist

With crew

Highway Bill of Lading Driver / on seat or door pocket

Air Air-bill Pilot

Pipeline Marker At cross with other mode of transport or land boundaries

Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)

Required to be maintained by the Federal Hazard Communication Standard and The Florida Right-to-Know Law

Found at fixed facilitiesProvides a variety of informationEmergency Response Plans (ERP)Emergency Action Plans (EAP)

MSDS Sheets Via CAMEO

Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsClue # 5 - Markings and ColorsContainer colors are not always

standardizedUN/NA identification numbersNFPA 704 DiamondMilitary markings

Clue # 6 - Human SensesClue # 6 - Human Senses

RISK LEVEL

High

Low

TASTETOUCHSMELLSIGHTSOUND

Methods of IdentificationMethods of IdentificationOnce you recognize, try to identifyLocation of material name

Shipping papersMSDSs (fixed facilities)Facility Pre-PlansEmployees and bystanders

If you cannot safely identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class

Unit 3 - “Taking Control”



ERG Book & other resourcesERG Book & other resources

North American Emergency Response Guidebook

OriginGoalPurpose & Limitations

Steps for Proper Use of the ERGSteps for Proper Use of the ERGRecognize & Identify Hazardous Materials

NameFour digit ID numberPlacard description

Look up the guide page numberTake basic protective actions according to

the guide pageInitiate isolation and evacuation according

to protective action distancesCall CHEMTREC for additional support 800-

424-9300

Basic Protective ActionsBasic Protective Actions

Your approachYour main objectives

IsolateProtect by preventing

contaminationInitiate your Emergency

Response Plan (Notify)

Yellow Pages: Listed numerically by UN ID number

Blue Pages: Listed alphabetically by chemical name

Orange Pages: Guides listed numericallyList Potential Hazards for fire or explosion

and health

Public Safety info for protective clothing and evacuation

Emergency Response info for fire, spill or leak, and first aid

Proper Guide Page UseProper Guide Page Use

Green Pages: Tables of Isolation DistancesList initial isolation distances for certain

chemicals

Separated for small and large spills and day vs. night

Table of Protective Action DistancesTable of Protective Action Distances

Protective Action OptionsProtective Action Options

Shelter in-placeShort duration incidentsGreater hazard to attempt to

moveImpractical to evacuate

EvacuationPotential for massive fire or

explosionLong duration incidents

Emergency Response InformationEmergency Response Information

FirefightingDefinition of “Haz-Mat Fire”Defensive Vs. OffensiveRole of the awareness responder

Spill / Leak ControlNot an awareness level role

First AidRemember to prevent secondary

contamination

NFPA Guide to Hazardous Materials

Lists many chemicals by names, synonyms and CAS number

Includes many MSDS sheets

Also list expected chemical reactions and spill or leak procedures

NIOSH Pocket Guide

Listed numerically by CAS #

Listed by Chemical, Synonym and Trade name

Hot Zone1. Initial at ERG recommendation2. Use monitoring, set at STEL (IDLH only if STEL is not practical)

Warm ZoneHow far back do you want non-responders?

So, what steps should be taken for a spill/incident?

Assess the callWhat is the chemical/problem?

Does the area need to be evacuated?

Determine the approach, i.e. uphill…..upwind

Look the chemical/hazard up. Try to cross-reference it with 3 sources.

Determine if it is within our means to mitigate.Do we have the proper training,

manpower, resources, PPE to take care of it?

Do we need to call in outside resources (HAZMAT team, outside vendor, technical specialist)?

Respond with appropriate PPE, spill supplies, and air monitoring equipment (as appropriate) based on the info at hand.

Assess the scene from a distance (Hot, warm, cold zones).

Take air monitoring reading to verify that you have the proper respiratory protection and PPE.

Proceed to neutralize/mitigate and clean-up the spill

Continue air monitoring (as needed)

Properly bag and dispose of the waste

Fill out and submit a report

Unit 4 - “Termination”



Reasons for TerminationReasons for Termination

Required by OSHA/DOLRelates important

information to the responders

Insures exposures are documented

Insures that we improve our future responses

Steps to Proper TerminationSteps to Proper Termination

On-scene debriefingIncident critiqueAfter action analysis

The full 8 hour HAZMAT Awareness course is available through IFSI online for freehttp://www.fsi.illinois.edu/

Questions??