hazardous materials awareness level annual refresher program
TRANSCRIPT
Hazardous Materials Awareness Level
Annual Refresher
Program
FIRST RESPONDER AWARENESS LEVEL – ANNUAL REFRESHER TRAINING
INTRODUCTION
Employees at the awareness level are personnel likely to (1) discover or witness a hazardous material emergency, or (2) may be the first on the scene of an emergency involving hazardous materials. These employees are expected to recognize which hazardous materials are present, protect themselves, call for trained personnel and secure the area. Their most important role is making proper notifications that begin the emergency response sequence. This level of training anticipates a response role which involves no potential for exposure to hazards related to the hazardous materials involved in an incident.
The employer is responsible for ensuring the health and safety of responding personnel as well as the protection of the public and the communities served. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311 require that emergency response employees be completely trained before they perform at hazardous materials emergencies. Training managers face a significant challenge in ensuring that all responding personnel are fully trained and prepared while working within existing resources and conflicting priorities. An employer must provide annual refresher training which focuses on using available information sources to recognize and identify hazardous materials. The refresher training should be accomplished with approximately four contact hours.
This training course has been developed by the Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC) District 1 to provide annual First Responder Awareness Level Refresher Training to emergency responders including law enforcement, fire fighters, EMS, Public Works and others.
This course is divided into four parts and should take approximately four (4) hours to complete: Part 1 – 3/4 hour, Part 2 – 1 1/2 hour, Part 3 – 1 1/4 hour and Part 4 – 1/2 hour. All students taking this course should have a current version of the North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG).
Part 1
“Preparation for Response”
Part 1
“Preparation for Response”
After completing this section, you will understand:
• Training required by OSHA in 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR 311.
• The role of the first responder at the awareness level.
• The role of the LEPC and SERC in regards to hazardous materials emergency response planning.
AHJ Authority Having Jurisdiction
ALS Advanced Life Support
BLS Basic Life Support
CBRNE Chemical-Biological-Radiological-Nuclear-Energetic
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
DOT Department of Transportation
EAP Emergency Action Plan
EHS Extremely Hazardous Substance
EMS Emergency Medical Service
EOC Emergency Operations Center
EOP Emergency Operations Plan
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-know Act
ERG Emergency Response Guide
ERP Emergency Response Plan
FDCA Florida Department of Community Affairs
FDEM Florida Division of Emergency Management
FDEP Florida Department of Environmental Protection
FDLE Florida Department of Law Enforcement
FDOH Florida Department of Health
FDOT Florida Department of Transportation
FOG Field Operations Guide
Important Acronyms
IAP Incident Action Plan IC Incident Commander ICP Incident Command Post ICS Incident Command System HAZ-MAT Hazardous MaterialsHAZWOPER Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency ResponseNAERG North American Emergency Response GuidebookLEPC Local Emergency Planning CommitteeMSDS Materials Safety Data SheetNFPA National Fire Protection AssociationNGO Non-Governmental Organization NIMS National Incident Management System NOS Not Otherwise SpecifiedNRP National Response Plan ORM Other Regulated MaterialOSHA Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationPPE Personal Protective EquipmentPIO Public Information Officer RDSTF Regional Domestic Security Task ForceRPC Regional Planning CouncilSARA Superfund Amendment an Reauthorization ActSERC State Emergency Response CommissionSOG Standard Operating Guidelines SOP Standard Operating ProceduresSWP State Warning PointWMD Weapons of Mass Destruction
Important Acronyms
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Definitions US DOT - “a hazardous substance or material which has beendetermined to be capable of posing an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported...” US EPA and OSHA - “any substance that can produce an adverse effect on the health or safety of the persons exposed...”. A simple definition - “any substance or material that may hurt orharm the things it contacts if released from its container.”
An EHS is a material that: • Is listed by EPA in 40 CFR 355.
• Could present a significant risk to the surrounding community and/or environment if released.
• Have an extremely high degree of toxicity.
• Have the potential to migrate off-site of the release and move throughout the environment presenting an immediate health and
safety hazard.
• Must be reported to the appropriate authorities if stored in quantities exceeding the threshold planning quantities.
EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE
EXTREMELY HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES
Some Extremely Hazardous Substances include:
ChemicalChemical
ChlorineChlorine
Ammonia (anhydrous)Ammonia (anhydrous)
Ammonia (aqueous 20% or greater)Ammonia (aqueous 20% or greater)
Sulfur Dioxide (anhydrous)Sulfur Dioxide (anhydrous)
Hydrogen Chloride (anhydrous)Hydrogen Chloride (anhydrous)
Hydrochloric Acid (aqueous 37% or greater)Hydrochloric Acid (aqueous 37% or greater)
Hydrogen Fluoride (anhydrous)Hydrogen Fluoride (anhydrous)
Hydrofluoric Acid (aqueous 50% or greater)Hydrofluoric Acid (aqueous 50% or greater)
Nitric Acid 80% or greater)Nitric Acid 80% or greater)
A complete list of extremely hazardous substances may be obtained from the Florida Department of Community Affairs Risk Management Program at www.dca.state.fl.us/cps/arprmp/start.htm or by calling (800) 635-7179.
Hazardous Materials Incident Any unplanned or unexpected release/potential release of a hazardous material. Some unique characteristics of these incidents:
Required PPE might not be provided.
Responders may not be trained in the use of required PPE.
May require operational approaches that differ from normal or routine duties.
Non-routine skills and attitudes may be required.
Can pose a significant risk to the responder.
Always expect the unexpected when responding!!!!
When responding to any motor vehicle accident, the responder should park his/her vehicle at least 50 feet upwind (100 feet if any hazardous materials are involved in the accident).
T Thermal Temperature extremes.Heat from fire or heat releasing chemical reactions.Extremes in cold, e.g. liquefied gas and cryogenic liquids.
E Etiological Injury of harm caused by human disease causing agents.Bacteria and viruses.
A Asphyxiation Simple – caused by an oxygen deficient atmosphere.Chemical – can cause changes in the body preventing the proper use of oxygen, e.g. carbon monoxide.
M Mechanical Physical hazardous such as flying debris, uneven ground and/or excessive noise conditions with potential for hearing damage.
C Chemical Toxic or injurious effects caused by exposure to chemicals, e.g. pesticide poisoning, respiratory injury (e.g. chlorine) and corrosive damage to eyes and skin (e.g. acids and alkalines).
P Psychological Mental stress from fear of the unknown or from witnessing a violent death.
R Radiological Exposure to materials that spontaneously emit radiation.
TEAM CPRMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of HarmMechanisms of Harm
•Public safety responders have a “Duty to Act”.
•Your level of involvement is defined by your employer’s Emergency Response Plan (ERP).
•The actions you are expected to take should be in Standard Operating Guidelines format.
•NEVER exceed your level of training and protection!
Public Safety “Duty to Act”
Awareness Level Goals
First responders at the Awareness Level have four Goals or responsibilities:
Recognition/Identification
Recognize if an incident involves haz-mats and identify materials involved - if this can be done with no risk to the responder.
Isolation Isolate and deny access to the area. Remove uninjured and non-contaminated persons from the area - if it can be done without risk to the responder.
Protection Protect yourself and others. If properly trained and equipped, this may include use of PPE and evacuation of nearby structures.
Notification Notify the next level of response.
• The ERG is a responder’s tool for success.• Every emergency vehicle should have an ERG.• Purpose:
– An aid for identification of the material involved.
– Outlines basic initial actions.
– Recommends protective action areas.
– Serves as an initial incident safety plan.
– National and international emergency contact phone numbers.
EMERGENCY RESPONSE GUIDEBOOK”
• Congress passed the Emergency Planning and Community Right-To-Know Act (EPCRA) in 1986
• 1988 - Florida Legislature passed the Florida Hazardous Materials Emergency Response and Community Right-to-Know Act
• EPCRA, Section 126 mandated that OSHA develop safety regulations for fist responders.
• EPCRA requires local communities and facilities to plan and prepare for hazardous materials emergencies.
Federal and State RegulationsFederal and State Regulations
SUPERFUND AND HAZWOPER
SARA Title I, Section 126 - mandated worker safety regulations for hazardous waste operations and emergency response in 29 CFR 1910.120 and 40 CFR 311. SARA Title III - Emergency Planning and Community Right – to – Know Right - To - Know Act (EPCRA) requires:
1. Reporting of hazmat releases to the Florida State Warning Point at (800) 320-0519 or (850) 413-9911 (emergency 24 hour#) and the National Response Center (800) 424-8802
2. State Emergency Response Commissions (SERCs) and Local Emergency Planning Committees (LEPCs)
Maintain regional emergency response
equipment and facilities lists
Develop SOP’s for facility and emergency
personnelIdentify facilities
and transportation
routes
Develop timely detection and notification procedures
Maintainevacuation plans
Provide training
Test and exercise hazmat plans
Designate community and
facility coordinators
LEPCResponsibilities
SUPERFUND AND HAZWOPER
HAZWOPER- Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Standard (29 CFR 1910.120)
• OSHA and EPA’s safety standard developed in accordance with the mandate of EPCRA, Section 126
• Codified as OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 and EPA 40 CFR
Adopted by EPA in 40 CFR 311 to insure its enforcement
in all states.
HAZWOPERApplies to employers & employees exposed/potentially
exposed to hazardous substances/waste in the following five operations:
Required clean-up operations involving hazardous substances that are conducted at uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Corrective actions involving clean-up operations at sites covered under RCRA.
Voluntary clean-up operations at sites recognized by federal, state, local, or other governmental body as uncontrolled hazardous waste sites. Operations involving hazardous wastes conducted at treatment, storage, and disposal facilities regulated by Title 40 CFR 264 and 265, or by agencies under agreement with EPA to implement RCRA regulations. Emergency response operations for releases of, or substantial threats of release of, hazardous substances regardless of the location of the hazard.
Awareness Persons likely to witness or discover a haz-mat release must notify appropriate authorities, deny entry into the affected and remain at a safe location until emergency responders reach the scene.
Operational Persons who respond to haz-mat incidents with defensive actions to contain and prevent the release from spreading.
Hazardous Materials
Technician
Persons who respond to a haz-mat spill with offensive actions to control the spill or leak.
Hazardous Materials Specialist
Persons with specialized knowledge that provide support to the Hazardous Materials Technician.
Hazardous Materials Incident
Commander
Persons who assume command of the incident and control all operations. They must have Operational Level training and additional training in implementing the employer’s emergency response plan.
There are five levels of training required under HAZWOPER:
LEVELS OF TRAINING
Defensive mode – Level of training, available equipment, or extent of the incident prohibits further involvement in controlling the incident. Responder may be required to activate remote shut-offs.
Offensive mode - Places the responder close to or in contact with the hazardous material or its vapors and gases. These operations are taken only after a thorough risk vs. benefit analysis. They demand the highest level of knowledge since they expose the responder to the greatest risk.
Modes of Operation
There are two modes of operation at a haz - mat incident:
OPERATIONAL MODES
• Awareness and Operational level responders take DEFENSIVE actions.
• Technicians and Specialists take OFFENSIVE actions.
• The Incident Commander coordinates the response and is ultimately responsible for safety.
OPERATIONAL MODES
PART 1 – REVIEW QUESTIONS
Before continuing, take a few minutes to answer the following questions:
1. Who is designated as the incident commander at hazardous materials emergencies in your community?
2. Who would you notify in your community to activate the hazardous materials emergency response plan?
3. What agencies are available in your community to assist with a haz-mat emergency?
4. What medical facilities in your area will accept hazardous materials patients?
5. Who can order a mandatory evacuationduring a hazardous materials emergency?
6. This OSHA regulation was developed toinsure responder safety during haz- matemergencies:
A. 49 CFR 1910.120B. 29 CFR 1910.120C. 40 CFR 1910.20D. 29 CFR 1911.11
7. Which mechanisms of harm could most likely be present at an accident involving a gasoline tank truck?
A. Thermal, etiological, mechanical, radiologicalB. Thermal, asphyxiation, mechanical, radiologicalC. Thermal, asphyxiation, chemical, psychologicalD. Thermal, mechanical, psychological, radiological
8. A hazardous material is defined as a substance or material that:
A. Can pose an unreasonable risk to health, safety, and property when transported.
B. Can produce an adverse effect on the health or safety of exposed persons.
C. When released from its container may hurt or harm the things it contacts.
D. All of the above.
10. The two operational response modes are:
A. Risk and benefit.
B. Defensive and operational.
C. Offensive and defensive
D. Safe and Cautious
11. The four goals of the awareness level responder are:A. Recognition/identification, isolation, protection and notification.B. Recognition/identification, isolation, personal protection and public awareness.C. Identification, notification, protection and risk assessment. D.Identification, public protection, risk assessment and isolation.
12. The five levels of training are:
A. Awareness, Operational Specialist, Hazardous Materials Trainee, Hazardous Materials Awareness, Incident Specialist.
B. Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Specialist, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander, Operations Level and Primary Technician.
C. Awareness, Operations Specialist, Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Inspector, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander.
D. Awareness, Operational, Hazardous Materials Technician, Hazardous Materials Specialist, Hazardous Materials Incident Commander.
13. Awareness Level responders always operate in
the offensive mode:
A. True
B. False
9. The seven potential hazards found at a hazardous material incident (TEAM CPR) are?
A. Toxic, etiological, asphyxiation, mechanical, chronic, psychological, radiological.
B. Thermal, etiological, asphyxiation, mechanical, chemical, psychological, radiological.
C. Tired, etiological, asphyxiation, man-made, chemical, physical, radiological.
D. Thermal, etiological, aspiration, mechanical, chemical, physiological, radiological.
PART 1 – REVIEW QUESTIONS – ANSWERS
1. This depends upon the emergency responder’s ICS procedures. In most cases, the local fire department will have jurisdiction.
2. The communications center (911), dispatch center, local warning point
3. Fire Departments, Law Enforcement Agencies, Emergency Medical Services, Utility Companies, Public Works Departments, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and Emergency Management
4. Contact your supervisor for this answer
5. The on-scene commander
(Important - Review the answers to questions 1-5 with your supervisor)
6. B
7. C
8. D
9. B
10. C
11. A
12. D
13. B
This concludes Part 1 “Preparation for Response”
the information covered in this unit.
Part 2
“Hazard Identification”
Part 2
“Hazard Identification”
After completing this section, you should be able to identify:
• Six clues that indicate the presence of a hazardous material(s).
• The nine DOT Hazard classes.
• A hazardous material by class, name and/or UN/NA ID number.
Decisions made in the first minutes of an incident will have a direct impact on its outcome. Making sound choices early, reduces the impact of the incident and increases life safety for the responder and members of the public.
YOUR SAFE RESPONSE IS DEPENDENT UPON YOUR
ABILITY TO RECOGNIZE AND IDENTIFY HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS
Recognizing Hazardous Materials
Six Important Clues
Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location
Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size
Clue # 3 - Placards and labels
Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors
Clue # 6 - The Human Senses
1. Occupancy refers to the actual structure and its use: Manufacturing facilities Storage facilities Retail establishments Residential
2. Location is the general area in which you are located: Agricultural Industrial Parks Business Districts Residential Areas Transportation corridors - rail, air, marine, pipeline, and highway. Illegal Operations (e.g. drug labs).
Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location
If you accidentally come across an illegal drug lab, don’t touch anything or stop any process. Leave the
same way you entered and get specialized help.
DANGER
METH LABS
An illegal meth lab makes the illegal drug methamphetamine. All processes use harmful chemicals including explosives, solvents, metals, salts and corrosives. During the drug manufacturing (“cooking”) process, additional toxic compounds and by-products are produced. The fumes, vapors, and spillage associated with cooking can all be toxic. Booby traps can be present. Can be located anywhere activities can be hidden from view such as in: storage units, motel rooms, trailer parks, apartments, houses and car trunks.
Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location
METH LAB CLUES
• Unusual traffic at all hours• Chemical odors• Fortified• Occupants come outside to smoke
Clue # 1 - Occupancy and Location
Low pressure or non-pressurized Containers
Found in a wide variety of configurations - bags, bottles, and drums. Common highway containers are the MC/306 - DOT/406 (commonly seen carrying gasoline and other petroleum materials), the MC/307 - DOT/ 407 (chemical carriers) and the MC/312 - DOT/412 (corrosive carriers).
Pressurized Containers
Pressurized containers - made from heavy steel with rounded ends to distribute pressure against the container walls. Containers transported by rail, have valves and contentions, which are enclosed in a protective steel dome. Common highway containers are the MC/331 (liquefied gas) and the MC/338 (cryogenic) carriers.
Review Pages 18 –19 in your 2004 ERG
Clue # 2 - Container Shape and Size
Clue # 3 - Placards and Labels
A vehicle without a placard may be transporting hazardous materials. For commercial carriers, it is estimated that:
• 50% carry hazardous materials.• Placards are required for only 50% of those transporting haz-mats. • Only 50% are properly placarded.
Labels - Found on containers
Placards - Found on vehicles transporting hazardous materials.
Review Pages 16 –17 in your 2004 ERG
CLASS 1 - EXPLOSIVES
Division 1.1 - Mass Explosion Hazard
Virtually the entire load could detonate instantaneously given the proper initiating source.
Examples: Dynamite, Trinitrotoluene (TNT) and black powder.
Division 1.2 - Projectile hazard Explosive with a projectile hazard but not a mass explosion hazard. Examples: Aerial flares, detonating cord.
Division 1.3 - Fire hazard, minor blast and/or minor projection hazard Examples: Propellant explosives.
Division 1.4 - Minor explosion hazard Contains very small amounts of explosive materials with no projection hazard. Examples: Practice ammunition signal cartridges.
Division 1.5 - Very insensitive explosives Has a mass explosion hazard, but requires such a high-powered initiating source. Unlikely to self- initiate even if burning. Formerly called “Blasting Agents”.
Examples: Ammonium Nitrate/Fuel Oil Mixtures (ANFO)
EXPLOSIVES SAFETY
1. Consider all explosives an extreme hazard when involved in a fire.
2. Engine compartment and tire fires should be fought aggressively by trained personnel if the fire does not make its way to the storage area.
3. Always anticipate that you will be unable to get the fire under control and start evacuation early.
4. Know your response area and where explosives may be in use. There may be no outward indication that explosives are present.
Division 2.1: Flammable Gases
A flammable gas has a vapor pressure of 14.7 psi or greater at 68 degrees F and is usually present in the form of a gas. Some flammable gases are liquefied, e.g. propane and butane. The pressure keeps the gas in a liquid form. If released, the liquid will convert to a gas and expand rapidly. Other gases are stored as compressed gases. The container pressures for these gases are generally higher and the expansion ratio is not as great.
Examples: Acetylene, Hydrogen
Division 2.2: Non-Flammable, Non-Toxic Gases2.2 “Non-Flammable, Non-Po
Non-flammable gases can be compressed, liquefied compressed or cryogenic. Cryogenic liquids have three hazards:
• Extremely cold temperatures (< -150 degrees F).
• The hazards of the gas itself (inert, displaces oxygen).
• Very high expansion ratio - 800 - 1000 to 1.
Materials in this class do not meet the strict criteria for being either flammable or poisonous. However, they may be toxic to humans and sometimes flammable.
Examples: anhydrous ammonia, cryogenic argon, liquid or compressed nitrogen, carbon dioxide.
CLASS 2 – GASES
Division 2.3: Toxic Gases2
A gas stored in a compressed or compressed liquefied state. These gases have the potential to travel longer distances. If liquefied, it will have higher expansion ratio and will create a large vapor cloud.
Examples: chlorine, methyl bromide, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur dioxide.
CLASS 3 – FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS
Flammable liquids release enough vapors at room temperature to support combustion if an ignition source is present. Combustible liquids generally need warming to produce sufficient vapors to support combustion. Many of these materials contain toxicological hazards as well, such as the benzene found in gasoline.
Flammable liquids must be grounded
and bonded to prevent fires and/or explosions
CLASS 4 – FLAMMABLE SOLIDS
Division 4.2 - Spontaneously Combustible materials Pyrophoric - Will ignite in less than 5 minutes upon contact with air.
Self Heating - Can slowly self heat upon contact with air. Examples: phosphorus, charcoal briquettes
Division 4.3 – Dangerous When Wet / Water Reactive Substances materials Examples: Lithium, sodium
Division 4.1 – Flammable Solids materials Wetted explosives – Have enough water, alcohol or plasticizer content to suppress explosive properties.
Self reactive materials – Can react with the release of heat if exposed to high temperatures during transport, friction or if contaminated.
Readily combustible – can ignite with friction
Examples: Sulfur, magnesium, nitrocellulose
Division 5.1 - Oxidizers
Those materials that may cause or enhance the combustion of other materials by releasing oxygen. Examples: ammonium nitrate, pool chemicals like calcium hypochlorite.
Division 5.2 – Organic Peroxides Organic peroxides have a bivalent -O-O- structure in the compound. This means there is a lot of oxygen in the molecule. Attached to each end of the molecule is an organic compound that may have varying combustible characteristics. Therefore, a fuel is present with plenty of available oxygen. Organic peroxides can be VERY unstable and can detonate depending on their type. Examples: benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, peroxyacetic acid.
CLASS 5
OXIDIZERS AND ORGANIC PEROXIDES
CLASS 6 POISONOUS AND INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES
Division 6.1 - Poisonous Materials
Materials other than gases that are poisonous/presumed poisonous to humans. Includes severely irritating materials.
Examples: “tear gas”, hydrocyanic acid, carbon tetrachloride
Division 6.2 - Infectious Substances
AKA Etiological.
Viable microorganism or its toxin, which can cause disease in humans or animals.
•Includes bacteria, viruses and their toxins.
Human blood and many body fluids must be considered to be infectious. Emergency responders must be trained in universal precautions and infection control.
Examples: anthrax, botulism, tetanus.
CLASS 7 RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS
Radioactive materials are materials that emit ionizing radiation with an activity of greater than 0.002 micro curies per gram. If contamination is avoided, exposure stops when you get away from the material.
Time: Dose is directly proportional to duration of exposure.
Distance: Dose is indirectly proportional to the square of the distance from the source.
Shielding: Ionizing radiation is absorbed in varying amounts by materials. The greater mass placed between the source and the responder, the less the exposure.
Further classified as Radioactive I, II and III with III having the highest specific activity. Packaged in either type B or A containers. Both types of containers are designed to withstand impacts and damages of varying magnitudes. Type A packaging is the strongest.
CLASS 8 CORROSIVE MATERIALS
These materials can cause irreversible damage to human tissue. Their fumes or vapors are also very hazardous.
Examples: nitric acid, sodium hydroxide (caustic soda or lye), hydrochloric acid.
Corrosive materials are measured on the pH Scale:
CLASS 9 MISCELLANEOUS HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Miscellaneous hazardous materials which:
• Can cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to flight crew members during air transport, or
• Are not classified into one of the other eight categories but are subject to DOT transportation regulations.
Examples: molten sulfur, PCBs (poly chlorinated biphenols), hazardous wastes.
A placard is not required when less than 1000 pounds of a particular hazard class is loaded at one location. Exceptions to this rule include some explosives, high-level radioactive materials, poisonous gases, and flammable solids which are dangerous when wet.
THE 1000 POUND RULE
Pesticide Labels EPA requires the following labeling on pesticide containers:
• Product Name• Active Ingredients• Signal Word – Caution, Warning, Danger
Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
MODEMODE NAMENAME LOCATIONLOCATION NOTESNOTES
HighwayHighway Bill of lading, freight bill or manifest
Cab of vehicle Must be within arms reach of driver and on driver’s seat or door pocket when un-attended.
RailRail Consist List or Waybill
With conductor or engineer
Provides an itemized listing of each car within the train.
WaterWater Dangerous Cargo Manifest
Wheelhouse of vessel or in document tube or box on a barge
AirAir Airbill Cockpit and attached to outside of packages
In the possession of the pilot.
PipelinePipeline Pipeline Markers Where pipeline crosses another mode of transportation
Indicates owner’s name and 24 hour emergency contact information. Note: contents of many pipelines change regularly.
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Employers must maintain MSDS for all hazardous substances, stored, manufactured orused in the workplace. MSDS has 8 basic sections:
Section I – Manufacturer
Manufacturer's Name Emergency Telephone Number
Address (Number, Street, City, State, and ZIP Code)
Telephone Number for Information
Date Prepared
Signature of Preparer (optional)
Section II - Hazardous Ingredients/Identity Information
Hazardous Components (Specific Chemical Identity; Common Name(s) OSHA PEL
ACGIH TLV
Other LimitsRecommended
%(optional)
Clue # 4 - Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
Boiling Point Specific Gravity (H2O = 1)
Vapor Pressure (mm Hg.) Melting Point
Vapor Density (AIR = 1) Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate = 1)
Solubility in Water
Appearance and Odor
Section III - Physical/Chemical Characteristics
Flash Point (Method Used) Flammable Limits LEL UEL
Extinguishing Media
Special Fire Fighting Procedures
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards
Section IV - Fire and Explosion Hazard Data
Section V - Reactivity Data
Stability Unstable Conditions to Avoid
Stable
Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)
Hazardous Decomposition or Byproducts
HazardousPolymerization
May Occur Conditions to Avoid
Will Not Occur
Route(s) of Entry: Inhalation? Skin? Ingestion?
Health Hazards (Acute and Chronic)
Carcinogenicity: NTP? IARC Monographs? OSHA Regulated?
Signs and Symptoms of Exposure
Medical Conditions Generally Aggravated by Exposure
Emergency and First Aid Procedures
Section VI - Health Hazard Data
Section VII - Precautions for Safe Handling and Use
Steps to Be Taken in Case Material is Released or Spilled
Waste Disposal Method
Precautions to Be taken in Handling and Storing
Other Precautions
Section VIII - Control Measures
Respiratory Protection (Specify Type)
Ventilation Local Exhaust Special
Mechanical (General) Other
Protective Gloves Eye Protection
Other Protective Clothing or Equipment
Work/Hygienic Practices
A glossary of terms used in the MSDScan be found at:
http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/index.html
MSDS TERMINOLOGY
Facility Emergency Response Plans (ERP)
Facilities storing EHS over a certain quantity must prepare an ERP. Identifies materials stored onsite and procedures to follow in an emergency.
Facility Emergency Action Plans (EAP) Identifies emergency procedures. May identify hazardous materials
that are present. Usually calls for employees to evacuate rather than respond to an emergency.
Facility Contingency Plan
Required for large generators of hazardous waste. Must minimize hazards to human health or the environment from fires, explosions, or any unplanned sudden or non-sudden release of hazardous waste or hazardous waste constituents to the air, soil, or surface water.
More Facility Documents
Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors
1. Container colors:
• Many organizations have established standardized color coding for containers such as the Compressed Gas Association.
• Compliance is not mandatory
• Colors may vary depending on the supplier
• Colors are not uniform statewide
2. UN/NA Identification Number - 4 digit number established by DOT. Found in three locations during transport:
• Shipping papers• On the vehicle placard • Sometimes on the MSDS
UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the yellow - bordered pages
of the NAERG.
Clue # 5 - Markings and ColorsNFPA 704 Diamond
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has developed a standardized facility marking system commonly called the “704” system.
The HMIS label
Found on containers of hazardous materials. Similar to the NFPA label for the blue, yellow and reactivity sections, but white area identifies required PPE.
A
B
C
D
E
F
Safety glasses
Safety glasses and gloves
Safety glasses, gloves, protective apron
Face shield, gloves, protective apron
Safety glasses, gloves, dust respirator
Safety glasses, gloves, protective dust respirator
G
H
I
J
K
L
Safety glasses, gloves, vapor respirator
Splash goggles, gloves, protective apron and vapor respirator
Safety glasses, gloves, dust respirator, vapor respirator
Splash goggles, gloves, protective apron dust respirator and vapor respirator
Air line mask or hood, gloves, full suit and boots
Ask your supervisor or safety specialist for help
Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors
Health
Flammability
Reactivity
PPE
Military Markings
Familiarize yourself with the specialized hazards you may encounter at military facilities.
Clue # 5 - Markings and Colors
Clue # 6 - The Human Senses
Never use touch, taste or smell to identify hazardous materials. High odor thresholds and/or olfactory fatigue can make your sense of smell unreliable. Many hazardous materials do not have an odor.
Odor Threshold - The lowest concentration at which a normal person should be able to smell a material.
Olfactory Fatigue – The ability to detect an odor decreases with continued exposure to the odor.
Low Risk Senses: Sight and Sound
High Risk Senses: Smell, Touch and Taste
Use sight and hearing to detect pressure releases, liquids, gas leaks/vapor clouds, victims and chemical reactions
and/or explosions.
Clue # 6 - The Human Senses
Smoke and Fire
Chemical Reactions
The presence of victims
Vapor clouds
Corrosive actions
With your sight, you can detect from a safe distance:
Clue # 6 - The Human Senses
An explosive release of expanding vapor and boiling liquid following the catastrophic failure of a pressure vessel holding a
liquefied gas such as propane or LPG. A BLEVE is the worst possible outcome when a propane or LPG tank is exposed to fire. BLEVE hazards include fireballs, blast, projectiles and possible
toxic clouds or vapor cloud explosions.
BLEVE
“Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion”
BLEVE
BLEVE warning signs:• Pinging sound from the metal shell
• Discoloration of the container (normally cherry red)
• Flaking of small metal pieces
• Bubble or bulge on the container
• Steam from the tank surface
• Shrill sound from the pressure relief valve
• Especially if increasing with passage of time
• Tear in container surface
Methods of Identification CAS Number
The Chemical Abstract Service registers and assigns known chemical compounds a CAS number. This number is usually found on the MSDS for the product and is of little value to the Awareness Level Responder.
Shipping Papers
Shipping papers list the common name of the hazardous material and the UN/NA ID number. This name or number can be used to find the proper guide page in the DOT ERG. Awareness Level Responders should never place themselves at risk to obtain shipping papers.
MSDS The product name is listed in the first section. Hazardous ingredients may be listed by common name in the “Hazardous Ingredients Section.” There may be multiple hazardous ingredients.
Facility Pre-Plans
If required, the Employer Emergency Response Plan or LEPC Plan identifies materials present at fixed facilities.
Employees/Bystanders
Employees, vehicle drivers and bystanders may be able to identify the product involved.
Operational Decisions
Awareness level responders can make safety decisions without knowing the specific name of a material. Awareness level responders should never allow the lack of the material name to slow their decision making process. The product’s hazard class enables you to make the right decision.
REVIEW
Hazardous Materials – Six Clues
Occupancy and Location
Container Shape and Size
Placards and Labels
Shipping Papers and Facility Documents
Markings and Colors
The Human Senses
1. Six important clues to recognizing hazardous
materials are:
A. Occupancy and Location, Container Shape and Size, Placard and Labels, Shipping Papers and Facility Documents, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.
B. Occupancy and Location, Container Shape and Size, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.
C. Occupancy and Location, Electronic monitoring equipment, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.
D. Occupancy and Location, the NAERG, MSDS, Shipping Papers, Markings and Colors and the Human Senses.
2. The UN/NA number can be found on:
A. On shipping papers
B. On the placard
C. On the orange rectangular panel
D. All of the above
3. The 1000 Pound Rule means a placard is not required when less than 500 pounds of a particular hazard class is loaded at one location.
A. True
B. False
PART 2 – REVIEW QUESTIONS
Before continuing, take a few minutes to answer the following questions:
4. The correct interpretation of this
NFPA placard would be:
A. Severe health hazard, extreme fire hazard, minimal reactivity hazard and water reactive.
B. Moderate health hazard, extreme fire hazard, minimal reactivity hazard and water reactive.
C. Severe health hazard, extreme fire hazard, moderate reactivity hazard and water reactive.
D. None of the above.
5. You can use your sight to detect:
A. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, and good weather conditions.
B. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, and corrosive actions.
C. Smoke and fire, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, corrosive actions, and unsafe responders.
D. Co-workers, chemical reactions, vapor clouds, victims, corrosive actions, and witnesses.
6. The high risk senses are:
A. Sight, touch and taste.
B. Smell, touch and taste.
C. Hearing, touch and taste
D. Smell, sight and hearing
7. Pressurized containers have rounded ends and are
made of heavy steel.
A. True
B. False
8. Section 2 of the MSDS gives you information concerning hazardous ingredients and chemical identity.
A. True
B. False
9. This placard means:
A. Virtually the entire load could detonate instantaneously if given the proper initiating source.
B. Explosive with a projectile hazard but
not a mass explosion hazard.
C. Contains very small amounts of explosive materials with no projection hazard.
10. This placard means:
A. A flammable gas is present.
B. A flammable liquid is present.
C. A flammable solid is present.
11. In a highway incident involving a tanker truck, shipping papers are generally found in the cab of the truck.
A. True
B. False
12. In a railroad accident, shipping papers can usually be found in the caboose or last car of the train.
A. True
B. False
13. Olfactory Fatigue occurs when the ability to detect an odor decreases with continued exposure to the odor.
A. True
B. False
PART 2 – REVIEW QUESTIONS – ANSWERS
1. A
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. B
7. A
8. A
9. A
10. B
11. A
12. B
13. A
This concludes Part 2“Hazard Identification”
Part 3
“Taking Control”
Part 3
“Taking Control”
After completing this section, you will be able to identify actions that protect responders and civilians during hazardous materials incidents such as:
• Actions needed to properly isolate the incident.
• Procedures necessary to activate an Emergency Response Plan.
• Proper protective actions to take in accordance with the NAERG.
The North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG)
U.S. DOT, Transport Canada and the Secretary of Communications & Transport (Mexico) developed the NAERG. It should be carried in every emergency response vehicle in North America. The NAERG is:
Updated every 3 years.
Duplicated and distributed free of charge by US DOT.
Distributed by your county’s Emergency Management office and your Local Emergency Planning Committee (LEPC).
• Assists responders in making initial decisions at a hazardous materials emergencies.
• Users must know how to use and interpret the information provided.
• Designed for use in transportation emergencies (highway and rail).
• May have some use at fixed facility incidents.
• Instructions are based on the involvement of a single not multiple chemicals.
The North American Emergency Response Guidebook (NAERG)
YellowYellow bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in numerical order by UN/NA ID number.numerical order by UN/NA ID number.
BlueBlue bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical order by material name. order by material name. If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the NAERG.NAERG.
OrangeOrange bordered pages provide safety guidelines.bordered pages provide safety guidelines.
GreenGreen bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and protective action distances, and lists TIH materials including protective action distances, and lists TIH materials including certain chemical warfare agents and water reactive materials certain chemical warfare agents and water reactive materials which produce toxic gases upon contact with water.which produce toxic gases upon contact with water.
Using the NAERG
The NAERG is divided into four basic sections:
TIH materials – liquid or gases so toxic to humans as to pose a hazard to health during transportation
Using the NAERG
To effectively use the NAERG, you must first recognize that you are dealing with a hazardous material. The hazardous material can be identified finding:
Look up the Guide number using one of the following:
The yellow bordered numerical index.
The blue bordered alphabetical index.
• The four digit ID number a placard or orange panel.• The four digit ID number (after UN/NA) on a shipping document or package.• The name of the material on a shipping document or package.
If you cannot identify the material, match the placard or label:
• If you cannot find a name or an ID number, turn to the “Table of Placards” located on pages 16-17 and use the guide page number indicated for the particular placard or DOT label.
NOTE: these placards are also located in Part 2 of the course materials.
Using the NAERG
A “P” next to the guide page in the yellow or blue bordered pages, indicates the material can undergo violent polymerization (heat/explosion).
Using the NAERG
*TIH – a liquid of gas so toxic to humans as to pose a health hazard during transportation.
If the index entry is highlighted, it is a TIH* or a Dangerous Water Reactive material.
“P”
A chemical reaction in which one or more small A chemical reaction in which one or more small molecules combine to form larger molecules. A molecules combine to form larger molecules. A hazardous polymerization takes place at a rate hazardous polymerization takes place at a rate that releases large amounts of energy that can that releases large amounts of energy that can cause fires or explosions or burst containers. cause fires or explosions or burst containers. Materials that can polymerize usually contain Materials that can polymerize usually contain
inhibitors that can delay the reactions.inhibitors that can delay the reactions.
HAZARDOUS POLYMERIZATION
If you cannot find a chemical name or an ID number, and you believe a hazardous material is involved, turn to Guide Page 111 in the “Guides” section (orange bordered pages) of the NAERG for further help.
Using the NAERG
BASIC PROTECTIVE ACTIONS (YIPP)
Your Approach
* Always approach an incident from upwind and uphill.* If you cannot approach from upwind and uphill, upwind always takes priority. * If you cannot approach from upwind, then stay even further away.* Look for all hazards.* Stay back 500 ft. & use binoculars to identify labeling. Look for all hazards.* Relay hazards and safety information to others.
Isolate the area
Without entering the area:* Keep people away including unprotected responders.* Keep everyone upwind.* Stay out of low-lying areas.
Prevent Direct Contamination
* Avoid direct contact with the product, its gases, vapors and/or smoke from any fire.
Prevent Secondary
Contamination
* Contamination of persons or equipment who come in contact with items or persons who have not been properly decontaminated.
* Never allow anyone or anything to leave the area without proper decontamination. Qualified individuals and properly protected personnel must perform the evaluation.
Review page 6 of your NAERG
Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG
Potential Hazards
Fire/ Explosion Hazards
Pay heed to adjectives such as “Highly” or “Extremely.” Note the bold “P” in the fire and explosion hazard area of guide 119. These materials can polymerize.Note the statement “Containers may explode when heated.”
Health Hazards
Toxic materials can enter the body through:• Inhalation• Skin / eye contact and absorption• Ingestion• Injection
Notification Activate your emergency response plan and summon help. Use the
Emergency contact number on the MSDS or shipping papers and/or
contact CHEMTREC (800-424-9300) for additional information.
Notify the State Warning Point (800) 320-0519 . Advise other responders of:
• Incident conditions• Material(s) involved and amount• Safe approach information• Guide page you are using• Needed resources • Actions being taken
Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG Using the of the NAERG
Public Safety
ProtectiveClothing
The minimum level of protective clothing at hazardous materials emergencies is structural firefighter protective clothing with positive pressure breathing apparatus. Frequently, this protection is not adequate.
Awareness level responders are not provided with chemical protective clothing. Street uniforms DO NOT provide protection against chemical hazards.
The user must be properly trained in the use of chemical protective clothing.
The “guide” page indicates whether firefighter protective clothing will provide limited protection or if specialized chemical protection is required.
EVACUATION
Isolate the immediate area and evacuate or otherwise protect persons downwind or in a radius around the incident. Spill: If this entry is highlighted, you need to consult the green-bordered pages of the NAERG for spill protective distances.
Fire: Fire evacuation distances are always expressed as a radius because of the potential for an explosion or BLEVE.
Protective Action Zones - Two options:
Evacuate if the incident is going to be of long duration, or if there is a potential for massive fire or explosion. Methods include: door to door, Emergency Alert System, loud speakers. Provide evacuation route info & shelter/mass care info if known, & identify and notify a collection point.
Protect in place: If there is no hazard of a massive fire or explosion or it is impractical to evacuate (population density, hospitals) or if evacuation could expose persons to greater hazards.
Small Spill Vs. Large SpillDaytime Vs. Nighttime
Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of the NAERG
Public Safety
Fire If a fire involves a haz-mat, the fire is a hazardous material incident.
Only properly trained and protected persons should attempt to fight a fire that directly involves hazardous materials.Operation level personnel can provide defensive fire attack if they have the necessary protection and training.
Technician level personnel must conduct offensive fire attack.
Awareness level responders should not attempt to fight a hazardous materials fire.
Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of t
Emergency Response
Spill or Leak
Operational level personnel can perform spill control if they are properly protected and avoid direct contact with the product.
Technician level responders perform leak control.
Operational level responders can activate remote shut-offs.
Personnel engaging in these activities must be properly trained and protected.
First Aid This section of the NAERG outlines the basic first aid principles for victims of exposure.
Awareness level responders should not come in direct contact with persons who present a significant risk of secondary contamination.
Contaminated, conscious victims should be encouraged to move to an isolated area and await medical assistance by persons with proper training and protection.
If victims are unconscious as a result of exposure to the hazardous materials, rescue by untrained and unprotected personnel should not be attempted.
Using the “ Guides ” Section of the NAERG of t
Emergency Response
If the chemical is shaded in the yellow or blue pages, look for the ID number and chemical name in the “Table of Initial Isolation and Protective Action Distances” (green bordered pages) and begin IMMEDIATE protective actions.
Using the NAERG
Incident Control Zones
Decontamination
Incident
HOT WARM
Entry Corridor
COLD
Wind
Command area,
Support functions
SafeRefuge
Hot Zone Work area where chemical hazards existSeparate with red barrier tapeDo not enter w/o appropriate PPE
Warm Zone Work site area where decontamination occursSeparate with red barrier tapeSemi-contaminated areaDo not enter w/o appropriate PPE
Cold Zone Separate with yellow barrier tapeNo chemical PPE required
Establish work zones:
Isolate and Restrict Access to
Incident Scene
Consider:
• Roadblocks and traffic re-routing
• Perimeter control
• Personnel accountability system
• Shelter in-place Shelter in-place
• Short duration incidentsShort duration incidents• Greater hazard to attempt to moveGreater hazard to attempt to move• Impractical to evacuateImpractical to evacuate
• EvacuationEvacuation
– Potential for massive fire or explosionPotential for massive fire or explosion– Long duration incidentsLong duration incidents
Protective Action OptionsProtective Action OptionsProtective Action OptionsProtective Action Options
Review page 298 of your NAERG
• Seek shelter inside a buildingSeek shelter inside a building• Turn off HVACTurn off HVAC• Close all windows and doorsClose all windows and doors• Seal all openingsSeal all openings• Stay inside until notified to leaveStay inside until notified to leave
Initiate ICS to identify those authorized to enter the sceneInitiate ICS to identify those authorized to enter the scene• Senior response official/Qualified response official implements ICSSenior response official/Qualified response official implements ICS• Review ICS specified in ERP & SOGsReview ICS specified in ERP & SOGs• Must appoint safety officerMust appoint safety officer
• NIMS and HAZWOPER require ICSNIMS and HAZWOPER require ICS
• To be IC requires minimum of Operations Level and IC training. Fire Chief,To be IC requires minimum of Operations Level and IC training. Fire Chief, Police officer or county EM may not have the required training.Police officer or county EM may not have the required training.
Evaluate priorities for incident, life, property, environment (LIPE)Evaluate priorities for incident, life, property, environment (LIPE)
Incident Command System (ICS)Incident Command System (ICS)
LIFE:LIFE: Health & well- Health & well-being, acute & being, acute & chronic health chronic health hazardshazards
INCIDENT:INCIDENT: Establish Establish ICS, hazard zones & ICS, hazard zones & take proper protective take proper protective actionsactions
PROPERTY:PROPERTY: Immediate Immediate destruction, fire, explosion, destruction, fire, explosion, long term contaminationlong term contamination
ENVIRONMENT:ENVIRONMENT: Air, water, Air, water, land pollution, death/injury land pollution, death/injury to wildlifeto wildlife
Weapons of Mass Destruction
• C- Chemical
• B- Biological
• R- Radiological
• N- Nuclear
• E- Explosives
Terrorist Activity – Target Locations
• Public assembly areas and mass transit systems, i.e. subways, Public assembly areas and mass transit systems, i.e. subways, busesbuses
• Government buildings and historic or symbolic sitesGovernment buildings and historic or symbolic sites
• Areas of significant economic impact, i.e. regional shopping Areas of significant economic impact, i.e. regional shopping centerscenters
• Religious or controversial organizationsReligious or controversial organizations
• Industrial and military facilitiesIndustrial and military facilities
• First Responders may intentionally be targeted to increase the First Responders may intentionally be targeted to increase the impact of the attack.impact of the attack.
Targets in Our Area
Nuclear Power PlantsNuclear Power Plants
Military BasesMilitary Bases
Theme ParksTheme Parks NASANASA
• Rapid on-set of medical signs and symptoms
• Dead animals and insects
• Chemical Residue
• Unusual odors and/or residue
• Discolored trees or foliage
• Skin, eye and/or airway irritation
• Indications of a hazmat release – e.g. plume or cloud
A Chemical Release – Important Clues:
TERRORISM
• Gradual on-set of medical signs & symptoms
• No obvious odor and/or residue
• Hospitals are reporting mass casualties with the same signs and symptoms
• Widespread migration of illness
• Infected individuals transmitting to others
TERRORISM
A Biological Release – Important Clues:
Review pages 354 - 356 of your NAERG
Specific Actions for Suspected Specific Actions for Suspected Terrorist IncidentsTerrorist Incidents
If a terrorism or other criminal activity is suspected, consider all of the following
• Take self protective actions
• Be alert to secondary devices
• Communicate suspicions during the notification process
• Establish work control zones and access control points
• Document the initial observations
• Attempt to preserve evidence
REVIEW
The NAERG Guidebook contains:
• Guidelines for initial safety and protection actions.• Basic response instructions.• A numerical and an alphabetical index.• Guide pages that can be selected by using the:
• 4 digit UN/NA ID number• The Material name• A Placard comparison
YellowYellow bordered pages provide an index list of dangerous goods in numerical order by UN/NA ID number.
BlueBlue bordered pages contain a list of dangerous goods in alphabetical order by material name.
OrangeOrange bordered pages provide safety guidelines.
GreenGreen bordered pages provide information on initial isolation and protective action distances.
PART 3 – REVIEW QUESTIONS
Before continuing, take a few minutes to answer the following questions:
1. The NAERG:
A. Was developed by U.S. DOT, Transport Asia and the
Secretary of Communications & Transport (Mexico).
B. Should be carried in every emergency response vehicle in
North America.
C. Is duplicated and distributed for a small fee by US DOT.
D. Assists responders in making initial decisions at a
hazardous materials emergency.
E. B and D
2. In the NAERG, the green bordered pages contain:
A. The “Table of initial isolation and Protective Action
Distances.”
B. An alphabetical listing of hazardous materials.
C. The emergency response “Guides.”
D. A list of DOT placards.
3. In the NAERG, the blue bordered pages contain:
A. The “Table of initial isolation and Protective Action
Distances.”
B. An alphabetical listing of hazardous materials.
C. The emergency response “Guides.”
D. A list of DOT placards.
4. In the NAERG, the yellow bordered pages contain:
A. The “Table of initial isolation and Protective Action
Distances.”
B. The emergency response “Guides.”
C. An listing of hazardous materials by UN/NA ID #.
D. A list of DOT placards.
7. Street uniforms provide fairly good protection
against chemical hazards.
A. True
B. False
8. The minimum level of protective clothing at hazardous materials emergencies is structural firefighter protective clothing with a positive pressure breathing apparatus.
A. True
B. False
5. In the NAERG, the orange bordered pages
contain:
A. The “Table of initial isolation and Protective Action
Distances.”
B. An alphabetical listing of hazardous materials.
C. Safety Guidelines
D. A list of DOT placards.
6. If you know the chemical name, the UN/NA number can be cross-referenced in the blue bordered pages of the NAERG:
A. True
B. False
PART 3 – REVIEW QUESTIONS – ANSWERS
1. E
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. C
6. A
7. B
8. A
This concludes Part 3“Taking Control”
Please take a few minutes to review the information covered in this unit.
Part 4
“Termination”
Part 4
“Termination”
After completing this section, you should be able to identify:
• Three actions to take when terminating an incident.
• Information to gather during an incident debriefing.
Termination Procedures
Are required by OSHA
• to identify operational weaknesses and to improve response and safety
Conveys important information to the emergency responders
Insures exposures are documented
Insures improvements in future responses
Relays important information to responders concerning:
• Hazardous material exposure(s).
• Signs and symptoms of over-exposure.
• Who to contact if symptoms of over exposure are experienced.
T The responder must immediately seek medical attention if an exposure over the PEL has occurred.
On-Scene Debriefing Process
Incident Critique An incident critique should:
• occur immediately after the incident. • involve all responders. • reinforce the strong points.• expose any weaknesses.• identify any needed corrective actions.
After action analysis:
• an administrative function.• implementation schedule for corrective actions is developed. • Method for tracking implementation and effectiveness of changes is developed.
1. The following statement(s) are true regarding
termination procedures:
A. Are required by OSHA.
B. Convey important information to accident victims
C. Insure improvements in future responses
D. A and C
2. A Hazard Communication briefing is held after
every incident and responder(s) are advised about:
A. Hazardous material(s) exposures.
B. Signs and symptoms of over exposure.
C. Procedures to follow if signs and symptoms occur.
D. All of the above.
3. The following statement(s) are true regarding an incident critique:
A. It should occur within two weeks after the incident.
B. It should reinforce the strong and weak points.
C. It should involve only operational level responders.
D. It should identify any needed corrective actions.
E. B and D
4. The after incident analysis identifies:
A. Operational strong points.
B. Operational weaknesses.
C. Methods for correcting weaknesses
D. All of the above.
PART 4 – REVIEW QUESTIONS
Before continuing, take a few minutes to answer the following questions:
PART 4 – REVIEW QUESTIONS – ANSWERS
1. D
2. D
3. E
4. D
This concludes Part 4“Termination”
Please take a few minutes to review the information covered in this unit.
FINAL EXAM
To complete this training course and receive your certificate of completion, you must take and pass a proctored exam. A schedule of exam dates, times and locations is listed below:
Date Time Location
Please contact Sherry Starling at (850) 595-8910 x 247 or [email protected] register for an exam.