hazardous areas(orbisxp95is) new
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Fire detection forhazardous areas
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Equipment for Hazardous Areas
Electrical equipment for these areas needs to be designed sothat it cannot ignite an explosive mixture, not only in normaloperation but also in fault conditions.
There are a number of methods available to achieve this, forexample
oil immersion pressurised apparatus
powder filling
the two in most common use are
flameproof enclosures
intrinsic safety
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Equipment for Hazardous Areas
Flameproof equipment is contained in a box so strong that aninternal explosion will neither damage the box nor betransmitted outside the box. The surface must remain coolenough not to ignite the explosive mixture.
When flameproof equipment is interconnected, flameproofwiring must be used. This method is most valuable when highpower levels are unavoidable but it is not acceptable for areas inwhich an explosive gas/air mixture may be continuously presentor present for long periods.
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Detectors for Hazardous Areas
For this reason Apollo fire detectors are made intrinsicallysafe rather than flameproof.
Intrinsically safe equipment operates at such low power andwith such small amounts of stored energy that it is incapableof causing ignition
In normal conditions With a single fault (for ib classification)
With any combination of two faults (for ia classification)
In any of these conditions every component must remain coolenough not to ignite the gases for which it is approved.
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Ex i
Advantages of Intrinsic Safety> Least expensive no requirement for lockable fused isolators,
protected cable, special glands> Simple apparatus permits the use of normal industrial
devices if they are non-energy storing
> Fault tolerant the only technique which stays safe afterfaults develop in cables and fallible
components> Live maintenance the only technique which permits live
working without gas clearance certificates
> Unarmoured cable system is electrically not mechanically
protected> Safe for personnel extra low voltages and currents
> Safest technique only technique permitted for Zone 0
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Intrinsically Safe System Definition
A system comprising apparatus andinterconnecting wiring in which any spark orthermal effect in any part of the system intendedfor use in hazardous areas is incapable of causingignition.
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Basic Objectives of IS Design
Limit Stored Electrical Energy
Limit Surface Temperature
This is achieved by
Limiting Current
Limiting Voltage
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Both sources of Ignition MUST be considered
Spark
HotSurface
Ignition Sources
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Requirement for EquipmentClassification
Note: Apparatus Group = Gas Group
Equipmentis classified according to:
Temperature
Classification
Its maximum surface temperature
The maximum spark energy it can produce
ApparatusGroup
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Requirement for PlantClassification
Plant and Installationare classified according to:
AreaClassification
The probability that the Hazardous
Atmosphere will be present
Gas ClassificationTemperature Classification
The nature of the Hazardous Atmosphere
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Gas IgnitionTemperature
ApparatusTemperatureClassification
700
600
500
400
300
200
100Carbon Disulphide 100
Diethyl Ether 170
Cyclohexane 259
Butane 365
Ethylene 425Propane 470
Hydrogen 560Methane 595
Ammonia 630
Carbon Disulphide 100
Diethyl Ether 170
Cyclohexane 259
Butane 365
Ethylene 425Propane 470
Hydrogen 560Methane 595
Ammonia 630
T1 - 450
T2 - 300
T3 - 200
T4 - 135T5 - 100T6 - 85
T1 - 450
T2 - 300
T3 - 200
T4 - 135T5 - 100T6 - 85
T2 - 300
Gas/Equipment Compatibility
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Area Classification in IEC/EuropeanCountries
Areas are classified with regard to the probability of a potentiallyexplosive atmosphere being present and the length of time for which itis likely to exist
Zone 0
Category 1*
an explosive gas-air mixture is continuously
present or present for long periods
Zone 1
Category 2*
an explosive gas-air mixture is likely to occur in
normal operation
Zone 2
Category 3*
an explosive gas-air mixture is not likely to occurin normal operation, and if it occurs it will exist
only for a short time
* Refers to ATEX Directive
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Bund wall
Tank ventsArea Classificationfor a fixed-rooftank with heavierthan air vapour Zone 1
Zone 0
Zone 2
Flammable liquid
Area Classification Example
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Intrinsic Safety Categories
"Faults" are those in components upon whichsafety of the installation depends
Ex iaIntrinsically safe
with twofaults
Zones 0, 1 and 2
Ex ibIntrinsically safe
with onefault
Zones 1 and 2
Intrinsic safety is the only protection concept whichconsiders failure of the field wiring
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ATEX Classification
II 1 G
Equipment Groupand Category
Type of ExplosiveAtmosphere
G - gas, vapours ormists
D - dusts
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ATEX Classification
Ex ia IIC T5
ZoneClassification
Temperatureclassification(at ambienttemperature
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Orbis Intrinsically Safe Range
ATEX certified to ll 1 G Ex ia IIC T5 (T4 at Ta 40-60C)
optical detector
multisensor detector
range of heat detectors
unique base
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XP95 Hazardous Area Equipment
ATEX certified to ll 1 G Ex ia IIC T5 (T4 at Ta 40-60C)
ionisation detector
optical detector
heat detector
unique base
manual call points
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XP95 IS Manual Call Point XP95 IS Manual Call Point
55100-940 (red)
XP95 IS Manual Call Point
55100-942 (yellow)
XP95 IS Manual Call Point 55100-944 (blue)
IP67 rating
Compliant with EN54-11
Complies with ATEX directives 94/9/EC
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XP95 Safe Area Equipment
single channel protocol translator
dual channel protocol translator
These devices are for use in the designated safe area inconjunction with appropriate safety barriers/isolators
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XP95 Intrinsically Safe
low-profile design
pure white finish
high environmental performance
polarity sensitive easy to install
smooth action base
easy to clean
ATEX approved
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XP95 Intrinsically Safe
alarm flag and address for fast alarm reporting
automatic addressing with patented XPERT card
electronics-free base
digital transmission of data compatible with standard XP95 and Discovery
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14 - 18 V DC
0 1 06 V
IS Voltage Pulse Polling
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IS Current Pulse Response
14 - 18 V DC
6 V
0 110 mA
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Analogue to Digital (A/D)Conversion
Y-axisIonisation: voltage increaseOptical: obscuration %/mTemperature: increase
Y
XX-axis = digital count from analogue detector
45 550 25
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Control Panel Response TypicalThresholds
Fire
Pre-alarm
Normal
Fault
Digitalcount
55
45
8
0
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Wiring of XP95 IS Circuit toBS5830
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Typical Loop Configuration
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Using Dual Channel ProtocolTranslator
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Using Dual Channel ProtocolTranslator
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DIN Rail Interface Enclosure
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Control Equipment
40+ panels to choose from
wide choice to suit any application
built-in compatibility
technical assistance from Apollo engineers proven protocol
assured availability
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Marine Approvals
Both the Orbis IS and the XP95 IS ranges are approved by the
following authorities
Lloyds Register
Marine and Coastguard Agency
American Bureau of Shipping
Bureau Veritas
Det Norske Veritas
Germanischer Lloyd