harvard referencing 2009 (2)

7/30/2019 Harvard Referencing 2009 (2)

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CULLB203BDevelop and use information literacy skills

Harvard (author-date)Referencing System

prepared by Deb Beath, Nursing co-ordinator, Noarlunga Campus TAFESA & editedby Jane Morgan.


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What is referencing?Is the acknowledgement of sources of information and ideas you have used in anassignment.


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When to reference

Whenever you quote, paraphrase, summarise orcopy someone elses opinions, theories or data.

Sources may include:BooksJournalsItems from the internet

Tables, DVDs, photographs, illustrations, maps, graphs ordiagrams


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Why Reference?


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Seriously though referencing

Allows the reader to locate your sources independently

Allows you, the author, to find the original source easily

Shows that you have read widely and used quality sources

Acknowledges the intellectual property of anothers work &therefore avoids PLAGARISM


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What is Plagiarism?

http://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/B_DSC/social_science/movies/social.swf
http://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/B_DSC/social_science/movies/social.swfhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/B_DSC/social_science/movies/social.swf


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How to reference?The information about the source appears in 2

places:1. In-text (textual reference) ~ include author(s) surname, year of publication and page number(s)

2. End-Text (Reference List) ~ provide detailed information abouteach source at the end of your work titled Reference List


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Bibliography or Reference Listwhats the difference?

A bibliography is a list of sources that have beenconsulted but not used directly in the text

At a Diploma level, bibliographies are not

recommended. Students are expected to use theHarvard Referencing System


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In-text citationsShort quotes ~ usually less than 30 words. Place the textbetween single quotation marks .

For example:

Essentially the nursing process is a series of plannedsteps that produce a particular end result (Ryan 2005, p.223).

Highlight 3 quotes & their citation in the example essay.


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In-text citations cont.Long quotes ~ usually more than 30 words. Set apart inthe text by:

Decreasing the font by one sizeHave one line space above and below the quoteIndent the quote on the left hand side approx 1cmAlways introduce with a colon

Highlight one example in the sample essay.


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In-text citations cont.Paraphrase ~ someone elses idea put into your ownwords.For example:

Ryan(2005, p. 223) explainsthe nursing process is a series of steps.Ryan(2005, p. 223) describes the nursing process as a series of steps.

The nursing process is fundamentally a series of steps toward anend result (Ryan 2005, p. 223).

Highlight two examples in the sample essay.


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Paraphrasing very tricky!

Please complete the activity by going to this url.Read the information about how to paraphrasefirst.http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/


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In-text citations cont.

Summary ~ a brief version of the original.

For example:Eddy (2005, p.77) explains the key responsibilities of casemanagers include, assessing clients and their homes andcommunities, coordinating and planning client care,collaborating with other health professionals and monitoringclient progress.


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In-text citations cont.Statistics, graphs, tables etc. ~ show the citation immediatelybeside or below the copied item.

For example:

Source: Microsoft PowerPoint, 20080

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1st

Qtr

2nd

Qtr

3rd

Qtr

4th

Qtr

East

West

North


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End-text citations

Book ~ may have one, two, three or more authors

Include: Author, (Year), Book title and subtitle if present (in Italics ), Edition, Publisher, Place.

For example:Tamir, E (2002), The human body made simple , 2nd edn,

Churchill Livingstone, UK.

Highlight 2 titles in the sample essay.


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End-text citations cont.Chapter in an edited book ~ a publication with chapterswritten by different authors

Include: Author, Chapter title (single quotation marks),Year, Book title and subtitle if present (in Italics ), Edition,Editor name(s), preceded by the abbreviation ed or eds,Publisher, Place.

For example:

Parker, J (2006), The art and science of nursing, in Contexts of nursing:an introduction, 2nd edn, Daly J, Speedy S, Jackson D, (eds), McLennan& Petty, Australia.


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End-text citations cont.

Journal Article ~ in print

Include: Author, (Year), Article title, Journal Title (in Italics ), Issue, Pages (if given).

For example:Blank-Reid, C (2004), Abdominal trauma, Nursing2004 , vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 36-42.


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When referencing journal articles

Do not give publication detailsAlways include page and volume informationGive volume and issue numbers in arabic numerals(eg. 1, 2) even if Roman Numerals are used on theoriginal publication

Always drop the definite article ( the, an, a )(eg. write Journal of Advanced Nursing not The Journal of Advance Nursing)


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End-text citations cont

Government reports (eg. Inquiries, annual reports) ~

Include: Author(s), (Year), Title of Report (in Italics ),

Status of the report (eg. Final report, interim report,executive summary), Editor name(s), preceded by theabbreviation ed or eds, Publisher, Place.

For example:Senate Community Affairs References Committee (2002), Patient Profession: Time For Action Report on the Inquiry Into Nursing , June2002, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra.


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Video recording/motion picture/DVD ~

Include: Title , (Date of production), Format of recording

(eg. video recording), Publisher or name of productioncompany, Place of production, Any special credits (if applicable)

For example: Aged care: communicating with colleagues ( 2007), DVD,VEA, Australia.


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Electronic Sources -Include: information on how to access the information

including date viewed and Uniform Resource Locator(URL). For journal articles include same information asfor in print versions.

For example:Rudd, K (2007), Labo r unveils health policy, The Age , June 28, viewed12 September 2007, http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.html
http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.html


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End-text citations cont.Electronic Sources ~ Document within a Web page

Include: Author, (Year), Title , Name & Place of websitesponsor, Date viewed, Uniform Resource Locator (URL)

For example:

Sladek, R (2005) , How to construct a search strategy , Australian Centrefor Evidence Based Clinical Practice, Bedford Park, South Australia,viewed 11 August 2008, http://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htm

Highlight 2 examples in the sample essay.
http://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htmhttp://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htm


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What if

the quote is quite long?

You can leave out a word or words but you must insert

three dots in their place (ensure the original meaning isunchanged). For example:

According to Boyd (1998, p. 1003), through socialsupport a person feels helped, valued and in personalcontrol

Highlight one example in the sample essay.


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What if the source does not have a clear publication date?

Use one of the following conventions:No date on publication use n.d. for no dateDate only approximate precede date with c for circaDubious date precede date with a question mark (eg Jones?1899)Unpublished work use the abbreviation unpub (if possibleavoid unpublished work as it can lack credibility)


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What if there is no author?No author (includes Acts/Standards) ~ include the works title in italics (eg.Standard: Medication Management , 2002)

the author has published more than one source?List works by the same author chronologically (starting with earliestpublication date)

the authors have published several books/articles in the same year?Distinguish the sources by adding a lowercase letter to the date of each,beginning with a , then b and so on (eg. 2004a)

Highlight one example in the in-text and end-text citations fromthe sample essay.


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What if there is more than one author?

When there are two or three authors:Include all surnames in the textual reference, for example:(Hext and Mayner 2003, p. 173).

When there are four or more authors:Only include the surname of the first author, followed by

the abbreviation et al (meaning and others), for example:(Ebersole et al 2005, pp. 55-56).Note: All names must appear in the Reference List (in same order as given inthe source not necessarily alphabetical).


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These are activities to practice:

http://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard

_ref/index.htm#

http://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.html

Check Janison and you can link directly to them.Right click on the links to open in a New Window.
http://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htmhttp://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htmhttp://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htmhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/1_StudySkills/study_tuts/harvard_LL/harvard.htmlhttp://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htmhttp://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htmhttp://www.usq.edu.au/library/Breeze/Fac_Business/Harvard_Referencing_A_Brief_Guide/harvard_ref/index.htm


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More Tips!!

Be selective with your readingBe cautious when using:

InternetUnpublished works (eg. study guides,conference papers & lecture notes)Television and radio broadcastsPublications on microfiche or

microfilmTranslated workPersonal communications


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Sample Reference List Aged care: communicating with colleagues ( 2007), DVD, VEA, Australia.Blank-Reid, C (2004), Abdominal trauma, Nursing 2004 , vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 36-42.Ebersole, P, Hess, P, Touhy, T & Jett, K (2005), Gerontological Nursing & Healthy Aging , 2nd

edn., Mosby, USA.Hext, V & Mayner, L (2003), Practical nursing calculations: getting the dose right , Allen &

Unwin, Australia.Parker, J (2006), The art and science of nursing, in Contexts of nursing: an introduction, 2nd

edn, Daly, J, Speedy, S & Jackson, D (eds), McLennan & Petty, Australia.Rud d, K (2007), Labor unveils health policy, The Age , June 28, viewe d 12 September 2007,

http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.html

Sladek, R (2005) , How to construct a search strategy , Australian Centre for Evidence Based

Clinical Practice, Bedford Park, South Australia, viewed 11 August 2008,http://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htm Standard: medication management, September, (2002), Nurses Board South Australia.Tamir, E (2002), The human body made simple , 2nd edn, Churchill Livingstone, UK.
http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htmhttp://www.acebcp.org.au/how.htmhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.htmlhttp://www.theage.com.au/news/national/labor-unveils-health-policy/2007/06/28/1182624056979.html


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Yes, it can be messy & confusing!!


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But dont lose your head youll get it!


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If you get stuck just ask for help!


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Additional information

University of South Australia ~ Learning Connection: Learning Guideshttp://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/learningconnection/learnres/learng/index.htm

Flinders University School of Nursing & Midwifery ~ Author-date(Harvard) referencing guidehttp://www.lib.flinders.edu.au/services/inflit/nurefence.pd

LILIhttp://www.tafe.sa.edu.au/lili

James Cook University Study Skills Onlinehttp://www.jcu.edu.au/office/tld/writingskills/writing/
http://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/learningconnection/learnres/learng/index.htmhttp://www.tafe.sa.edu.au/lilihttp://www.tafe.sa.edu.au/lilihttp://www.unisanet.unisa.edu.au/learningconnection/learnres/learng/index.htm


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End-text activity to hand up

Collect the details about your items (as perthe requirements on the handout)

Compile your Reference List (in alphabeticalorder, so typing in a word doc may be easier)

Write one of your items on the board

harvard referencing 2009 (2)

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