harry potter. the word is derived from the greek: arche, original, and typos, form or model; thus,...
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Harry Potter
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The word is derived from the Greek: arche, original, and typos, form or model; thus, original model.
A key to understanding folk literature is to understand archetypes.
They are what provides us a connection to all cultures and all stories.
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Sigmund Freud Personal experience that
has been forgotten or repressed
Carl Jung Collective unconscious
has never been conscious but is the part we share with all humanity
Proof of its existence can be found in the study of the commonality of trances, dreams, delusions, myths, religion, and stories
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These fantasy images of the primitive mind are so alike for all cultures that psychologist Carl Jung calls them the Collective Unconscious.
They remain part of every human unconscious mind as dreams of fantasy and fear
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People who had no contact with each other at all formed myths to explain natural phenomena such as great floods and the creation of the world as well to answer such questions as why we die and why we are born.
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They are not individual, but the part we share with all humanity
They are the inherited part of being human which connects us to our past beyond our personal experience
They are not directly knowable, but instead express themselves in forms Situations, Symbols, and Characters
They grow out of man’s social, psychological, and biological being
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They are universal From the Roman gladiator to the astronaut, they
remain the same They cannot be explained by interaction
among cultures because geography and history often made this impossible
They are recurrent, appearing in slightly altered forms to take present day situations and relate them to the past in order to find meaning in a contemporary world
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The search for someone or some talisman which, when found and brought back, will restore fertility to a wasted land In Harry Potter and
the Sorcerer’s Stone, Harry must find the Sorcerer’s Stone before Voldemort can use it to come back to life.
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To save the kingdom, to win the fair lady, to identify himself so that he may resume his rightful position, the hero must perform some nearly superhuman deed.
Harry must complete several tasks to get to the Sorcerer’s Stone Enchanted Wizard’s
Chess
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This usually takes the form of an initiation into adult life.
The adolescent comes into maturity with new awareness and problems along with new hope for the community.
This awakening is often the climax of the story Harry is initiated into the
Wizarding World at Hogwarts.
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The first occurrence in a chain of events where the hero receives a call Either from within or via a
messenger Animal, hermit, spirit,
human Causes the journey to
begin Usually the hero, not
recognizing the hand of fate at work, will attempt to back out of these life-changing adventures
Harry is prevented from accepting his “call to adventure” by his aunt and uncle
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Sends the hero in search of some truth or information necessary to restore fertility to the kingdom.
Usually the hero descends into a real or psychological hell and is forced to discover the blackest truths, quite often concerning his own faults.
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Once the hero is at his lowest point, he must accept personal responsibility to return to the world of the living.
In “The Chamber of Secrets,” Harry must go into the chamber to realize that although he is similar to Voldemort, he follows the side of good.
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A group finds themselves together on a voyage or in an isolated situation
Each member of the group will represent a level of society
As a microcosm of society, the group will descend into a real or psychological hell to discover the blackest truths concerning a society or culture Ron and Hermione help
Harry with his tasks to find the sorcerer’s stone.
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Fall (from innocence) and out of paradise. This archetype describes a descent from a higher to a lower state of being.
The experience involves a defilement and/or loss of innocence and bliss.
The fall is often accompanied by expulsion from a kind of paradise as penalty for disobedience and moral transgression.
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The fall is often accompanied by expulsion from a kind of paradise as penalty for disobedience and moral transgression. In “The Order of the
Phoenix, Harry goes to the Ministry of Magic to rescue his godfather Sirius Black. In doing so he jeopardizes the safety of his friends and ultimately causes Sirius’s death.
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The most common of all situational archetypes, this motif grows out of the parallel between the cycle of nature and cycle of life.
Thus, morning and springtime represent birth, youth, or rebirth; evening and winter suggest old age and death.
Cycle of Life Fawkes the Phoenix
represents Death and Rebirth because he is reborn out of the ashes
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Nature is good while technology and society are often evil Harry is connected
to nature and creatures of nature throughout the series
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The battle between two primal forces.
Mankind shows eternal optimism in the continual portrayal of good triumphing over evil despite great odds where the future or very existence of the kingdom is often at stake In “The Goblet of Fire,”
Harry must battle the newly regenerated Voldemort
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This wound is either physical or psychological and cannot be fully healed.
This wound also indicates the loss of innocence.
These wounds always ache and often drive the sufferer to desperate measures
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The actual ceremonies the initiate experiences that will mark his rite of passage into another state. The Sorting of First
Year Students into houses is an example of a ritual.
Harry is sorted into Gryffindor House.
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The weapon symbolizes the extraordinary quality of the hero because no one else can wield the weapon or use it to its full potential.
It is usually given by a mentor figure Harry’s wand is the twin
of Voldemort’s.
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Light usually suggests hope, renewal, or intellectual illumination; darkness implies the unknown, ignorance, or despair.
The theme of the struggle between light and dark frequently symbolizes the struggle between good and evil
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Water commonly appears as a birth or rebirth symbol.
Water, which solemnizes spiritual births, is used in baptismal services.
Similarly, the appearance of rain in a work of literature can suggest a character’s spiritual birth.
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A desert is seen as the opposite or a place of exile.
Often the desert is represented by an absence of the expected: lack of wind or waves on the ocean, lack of rain when there is usually rain, absence of game to hunt in the wilderness
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The skies and the mountain tops house gods Hogwarts
The bowels of the earth contain the diabolic forces that inhabit his universe. Chamber of Secrets
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Some characters exhibit wisdom and understanding of situations instinctively as opposed to those supposedly in charge
Instinctive wisdom versus book-learned ignorance is emphasized Ron has the wizarding
street smarts that Harry lacks.
Hermione’s innate ability at spell work helps Harry numerous times
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Places of safety contrast sharply against the dangerous wilderness.
Heroes are often sheltered for a time to retain health and resources The Burrow is a haven
for Harry and the Weasleys
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The gods intervene on the behalf of the hero or provide obstacles sometimes against him or her.
The literary term is deus ex machina In “The Chamber of
Secrets,” Harry’ is helped by Fawkes who brings him the Sorting Hat from which he pulls Godric Griffyndor’s sword.
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Fire represents knowledge, light, life, rebirth
Ice, like the desert, represents ignorance, darkness, death
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Gateway to a new world which the hero must enter to change and grow Platform 9 ¾ is
the threshold to Hogwarts
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A place of death or metaphorically an encounter with the dark side of the self
Entering an underworld is a form of facing a fear of death The Chamber of
Secrets is an Underworld
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A place or time of decision when a realization is made and change or penance results Harry decides to
leave Hogwarts to search for the Horcruxes to defeat Voldemort
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A puzzling dilemma or great uncertainty, search for the dangerous monster inside of oneself, or a journey into the heart of darkness The Department of
Mysteries in the Ministry of Magic is a Maze.
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A strong place of safety which holds treasure or the princess
May be enchanted or bewitched Hogwarts
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A strong place of evil
Represents the isolation of self Azkaban Prison
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Symbolizes the destructive power of nature or fate In “The Half-Blood
Prince,” the lake with the Inferi represents a whirlpool
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Mother is a virgin or at least pure of heart and spirit
Sometimes the hero is the child of distinguished parents (royalty) Harry’s parents
were a part of the Order of the Phoenix
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An attempt is made to kill the pregnant mother or kill the child at an early age usually through a curse or prophecy Voldemort tries to kill
Harry as an infant due to a prophecy
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To save the child, he/she is spirited away and reared by foster parents usually in humble circumstances Frequently in a
wilderness or wasteland
Harry is raised by his aunt and uncle in a suburb of London away from the Wizarding World.
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Very little is known of his/her childhood
Upon reaching adulthood, he/she returns to his/her future kingdom Harry must find out
about his parents from Hagrid
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Male, after proving himself (usually by defeating a wild beast), marries a princess, becomes king, knight, or warrior of the realm or village Harry defeats many
different creatures and does battle with Voldemort several times
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Hero later loses favor with the gods and is then driven from the city (outcast) after which he/she meets a mysterious death Often at the top of a
hill Body is not buried
Has one or more holy sepulchers
Dumbldore is buried in a tomb
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The hero/heroine is spirited away and raised by strangers in humble surroundings in a wilderness or wasteland setting
Later returns to his/her home as a stranger with new solutions to the kingdom’s problems
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The hero/heroine who, prior to their quest, must endure some training and ceremony
They are usually innocent, untested, and often wear white Harry must learn the
ways of the wizarding world at Hogwarts
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Mentors serve as teachers or counselors to initiates
The mentor acts as a role model for the protagonist and can function as father or mother figures as well
The mentor teaches by example the skills necessary to survive the quest/task/journey Harry’s primary mentor
is Dumbledore
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Tension often results from separation during childhood or from an external source when the individuals meet as men and where the mentor often has a higher place in the affections of the hero than that of the natural parent Harry does not know
his parents as they died when he was a baby
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These retainers are somewhat like servants and are heroic themselves
Often called side-kicks, their duty is to protect the hero/heroine and reflect his/her nobility Ron Weasley and
Hermione Granger are Harry’s loyal retainers
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This is a band of loyal companions willing to face any number of perils in order to be together or to achieve a common goal
Harry has many HGOCs throughout the seven book series. Dumbledore’s Army
(DA) is one of them
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These creatures aid or serve the hero/heroine
Symbolize how nature is on the side of the hero/heroine Harry’s owl Hedwig
is a friendly beast
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This character is evil incarnate who offers worldly goods, fame, or knowledge to the protagonist in exchange for possession of the soul Voldemort is the
devil figure in the Harry Potter series
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A redeemable evil character saved by the nobility or love of the hero/heroine Severus Snape fits
this category as he saves Harry several times in the series
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Animal or more usually a human whose death in a public ceremony expiates some taint or sin that has been visited on a community.
The death of the scapegoat often makes him/her a force in society more powerful than when they lived Dumbledore becomes
the scapegoat at the end of “The Half-Blood Prince”
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A figure who is banished from a social group for some crime (real or imagined) against his fellow man
The outcast is usually destined to become a wanderer from place to place Sirius Black is an
outcast because everyone thinks he was the cause of the James and Lily Potter’s death.
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A monster usually summoned from the deepest, darkest part of the human psyche to threaten the life of the hero/heroine.
Often it is a perversion of the human body The Goblins can be
considered CONs
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Tests the hero’s courage and worthiness to begin the journey Hagrid is Harry’s
Threshold Guardian
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This woman is a source of inspiration and a spiritual ideal
The protagonist has an intellectual rather than a physical attraction to her Hermione is Harry’s
platonic ideal
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Symbolic of fruition, abundance, and fertility, this character traditionally offers spiritual and emotional nourishment to those with whom she comes in contact.
She is depicted in earth colors, having large hips symbolic of her childbearing capabilities Mrs. Weasley is the
Earth Mother in the Harry Potter Series
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Characterized by sensuous beauty, this woman brings about the downfall of the hero by tempting him to turn away from his goal Cho Chang causes
Harry to lose his focus with DA
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A married woman who finds her husband dull or unattractive and seeks a more virile or interesting man.
Archtypally, the woman is the center of the family and is responsible for keeping it together. Bellatrix Lestrange
could be considered an unfaithful wife as she is more devoted to Voldemort than her own husband
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This vulnerable woman must be rescued by the hero
She is often a trap set by the devil figure or temptress to ensnare the unsuspecting hero Ginny Weasley is a
damsel in distress in “The Chamber of Secrets”
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These two characters are engaged in a love affair that is fated to end tragically for one or both due to the disapproval of the society, friends, family or some tragic situation
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Other times it is a situation which separates the lovers, such as war, their respective positions in society, where they live, or untimely death Ginny and Harry
become SCL in books 6 and 7
Unlike most SCL, they do have a happy ending