harmonizing higher education: “standard” perspectives in support of the bologna process...
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HARMONIZING HIGHER EDUCATION: “STANDARD” PERSPECTIVES IN SUPPORT OF THEBOLOGNA PROCESS
Standards.
ABSTRACT: This paper will put into perspective how standardization efforts can help solve the challenging interoperability problems paving the road toward the harmonization of Higher Education at international level. it will focus on providing a context for understanding international standardization activities such as identify the standard-making bodies and describe the life-cycle of standards. It will also expand on issues such as the critical “adoption dilemma” as well as key success factors like “bridging the gap” between standardization authorities and the implementation community. In conclusion it will showcase real ongoing projects and their expected impact on Bologna Process while providing references for further investigation and opportunities for direct involvement.Bla bla bla bla
ABSTRACT: This paper will put into perspective how standardization efforts can help solve the challenging interoperability problems paving the road toward the harmonization of Higher Education at international level. it will focus on providing a context for understanding international standardization activities such as identify the standard-making bodies and describe the life-cycle of standards. It will also expand on issues such as the critical “adoption dilemma” as well as key success factors like “bridging the gap” between standardization authorities and the implementation community. In conclusion it will showcase real ongoing projects and their expected impact on Bologna Process while providing references for further investigation and opportunities for direct involvement.Bla bla bla bla
ABSTRACT: This paper will put into perspective how standardization efforts can help solve the challenging interoperability problems paving the road toward the harmonization of Higher Education at international level. it will focus on providing a context for understanding international standardization activities such as identify the standard-making bodies and describe the life-cycle of standards. It will also expand on issues such as the critical “adoption dilemma” as well as key success factors like “bridging the gap” between standardization authorities and the implementation community. In conclusion it will showcase real ongoing projects and their expected impact on Bologna Process while providing references for further investigation and opportunities for direct involvement.Bla bla bla bla
BOLOGNA PROCESS.
EUROPEAN HIGHER EDUCATION AREA.
One Framework.
One Aim.
Context.
Approaches.
Actors. Types.
Dilemmas.
Gaps.
Actors
FormalStandards
Long development time
Focus on conformance
Restricted membership
Complex governance
Requires endorsement
e.g. ISO, CEN
Consortium Specifications
Medium development time
Focus on adoption
Restricted membership
Commercial-style governance
Requires money
e.g. IMS, OASIS
Community Specifications
Short development time
Focus on interoperability
Open membership
Lightweight governance
Requires geekiness
e.g. OpenID, microformats
Types
Validation:
one or more
implementations exist,
but are not recognized
by governments
(ISO OOXML)
Harmonization:
Multiple specifications
Exist, but have enough
commonality to be
standardized
(MLO-AD, W3C Widgets)
Anticipatory:
Potential for new
implementations if
enabled by a common
Spec.
(HTML, Bluetooth)
Approaches
TRADITIONAL MODEL.
Sequential Process
Approaches
Implementation-Driven Model.
Synergies
De-facto StandardDe-facto Standard
Implementation Community
Implementation Community
Standards Body
Standards Body
Formal Standards
Formal Standards
The Adoption Dilemma
…everything else is mere specifications.
Meet the neighbors..
RS3G (Rome Student Systems and Standards Group) is group of software implementers and stakeholders in the European Higher Education domain focused to the definition and adoption of standards for the exchange of student data.
Hello,I am Joe the Plumber !
Meet the neighbors..
CEN (European Committee for Standardization) is the official standardization authority in Europe. It contributes to the development of standards for learning technologies for Europe through its WLST (Workshop Learning Technologies)
…andI am Bill the Lawyer!
The “Standard” Gap
Bottom-up & Practical Top-down & Abstractbut complementary
NEED Cooperation & Synergy
Implementersi.e. R3SG
Standardization authoritiesi.e. CEN
Getting Real
The collaboration between Bill and Joe produced Metadata for Learning Opportunity
and
European Learner Mobility
Implementationcommunity
Standardizationauthorities
Getting Real
Metadata for Learning Opportunity.specifications for the discovery and exchange of information about
courses and other learning and training opportunities.
Getting Real
European Learners Mobility. Consolidation and adoption of e-transparency documents:
Diploma Supplement, Certificate Supplement, Curriculum Vitae, Language Portfolio, Mobility Passport
National Transcript
Europass DS
LIP Application Profile
Mapping Mapping
Bin
din
g
<learnerinformation xmlns = "http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/imslip_v1p0" xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" <comment>An example LIP instance </comment> <contentype> <referential> <sourcedid> <source>IMS_LIP_V1p0_Example</source> <id>stephenlonsdale</id> </sourcedid> </referential> </contentype> <identification>
LAN
Exchange
Standards.
Problem Solvers