harmonisation, standardisation and approval of diagnostic kits manufacturers point of view on...
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Harmonisation, Standardisation and approval of diagnostic kits
Manufacturers point of view on validation of veterinary diagnostics – Seeking an efficient harmonised regulation
EMVD - EuropeanManufacturers of Veterinary Diagnostics
EMVD History – Who are we? Members Animal Health diagnostics, Why? Achievements Existing Regulations…. Priorities Products What do we do before marketing a product? Objectives
A bit of History…
First official meeting in March 2006 in Brussels Defend the interests of manufacturers of Diagnostics for Animal Health Headquarters based in Paris Many small or medium sized companies, some large companies but with small veterinary activity Our members operate under ISO 9001 (at least) Together we represent the majority of veterinary diagnostics producers in the world:
Most members have global presence Concentration of this market in EU
( “Diagnosis Approach” vs. “Vaccination Approach”)
Pre
sen
ce E
MV
D M
emb
ers
Board members Secretary: Annita Ginter, BioX Diagnostics, Belgium
Tresurer: François Merit, IDEXX, France
Vice President: Liesbeth Jacobs, Prionics, Netherlands
Vice President: Jacques Delbecque, Ingenasa, Spain
Vice President: Jean-Luc Troch, IDEXX, Europe
Chair: Johanna Koolen, Life Technologies, France
Secretariat: SIMV, France
Web site: www.aefrv.eu
Animal Health Diagnostics…. Why?
Human and animal health are closely related and should be considered as one Some facts:
75% or more of emerging diseases originate from animals Neglected zoonosis continue to threat human health:
Tuberculosis: 1.4 M deaths in 2010 (source WHO); Rabies: 55 K deaths in 2010 (note 50% are children); Brucellosis; Anthrax
Improved Animal Health provides possibilities for poverty alleviation (necessary to meet the Millennium goals):
Animals are protein providers through milk or meat, and provide work force Example: Worldwide Rinderpest eradication considerably improved welfare
Economic reasons: International Trade of animals becomes impossible when some diseases are present (Food and Mouth Disease…)
Achievements We became a recognised stakeholder on an international level (because of our global presence) for international organizations such as OIE
“Observer” in the OIE ad hoc group on Validation of diagnostic assays
Representation in IAEA/FAO/OIE joint meetings on the validation of diagnostics
We became a recognised stakeholder on an EU level towards regulators, committees, veterinary health industry
Animal Health Advisory Committee AHAC (DG Sanco)
Executive board of the European Technology platform for global animal health
Project Management Board of Discontools
Request was formulated to DG Sanco for a suitable regulatory framework
Participation to EPRUMA (European Platform for the Responsible Use of Medicines in Animals)
What can we do for you? We bring highly innovative products on the market:
SMEs l
ed b
y vet
erina
rians
which
prov
e gr
eat
reac
tivity
and
flexib
ility f
or
deve
lopm
ent o
f new
prod
ucts
Knowledge on technology
and regulatory requirements
(veterinary, food safety and
human diagnostics)
LEADERS in
Biotechnology, key
players in the Life
Science market ,
possibilities to provide
“high-tech” solutions
Collab
orati
ons w
ith an
imal
healt
h vac
cine a
nd
phar
maceu
tical
compa
nies a
s well
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impo
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ader
s
Our know-how
highly innovative products
What can we
offer?
Regulatory situation in Europe for Animal Health Diagnostic Products
Regulation per disease by EU directives, such as Aujeszki’s Disease, tuberculosis, Brucellosis, etc. for which many countries have reached the “disease free status” now 28 different ways to interpret an EU directive… Some countries have registration process (Germany, Spain), or apply norms (AFNOR in France) Result: burdensome situations where products need marketing authorisations in some countries, or batch liberation in others, or both… OIE published a procedure providing harmonisation opportunities. Unfortunately it is not considered an alternative procedure by countries with registration procedures
The EMVD supports the harmonization effort Mutual recognition is necessary in order to lighten the regulatory administrative
burden
EMVD Priorities
Dia
log
with
EU
com
mis
sion
: F
ind
supp
ort
for
an
AH
IV
D d
irect
ive
Promote mutual recognition of batch control byEU Member States
Express need for Harmonization
to regulate veterinary Diagnostics in the EU
Denounce Unfair competition from public laboratories
Dialo
g w
ith IGO
s (OIE
, FA
O, ..):
converge interests support initiatives for harm
onisation
Our products in a flash… The following is a non-exhaustive listing of the different veterinary diagnostic products we offer:
Many different techniques are available to demonstrate the presence of antibodies:
ELISA techniques are the most commonly used today but other techniques such as: Agglutination tests; Complement Fixation tests; Slow agglutination test (Wright) are still used and available
The following techniques are used to demonstrate the presence of antigens: Nucleic acid detection methods, mostly PCR techniques
ELISA techniques (capture, or sandwich)
Classical techniques such as culture and staining
The above techniques are not exclusive but can -and sometimes should be- used in complement (antigen and antibody detection)
ELISA principles
PCR principle
95 °C
Usually about 40 cycles
50-60°C
Denaturation
Displacement of the probe and release of signal
1
2
3
Probe/Primer Annealing
Sample DNA
RQ
R
Q
QR
PCR principle
Source: www.ugent.be
What do manufacturers do before marketing a veterinary diagnostic?
Emergence of a “need” (epidemic, eradication plan, etc.) Partner with disease expert(s) – Control of the IP (Patents,...) – Market and RA overview Develop prototype “kit” – Feasibility - Cost of Production (Raw Materials) Initial validation on limited number of samples Design verification /optimisation First batches of products, used for Validation studies : sensitivity, specificity, sample treatment if applicable, robustness, external validation with collaborators, QC procedure and QC panel, etc. Results are documented (QA system, validation and/or registration dossier) Registration where necessary, with registration dossier and samples for testing
Quality controls are performed in various stages of the production process Critical ingredients are submitted for acceptation before entering the production process Quality control standards are used throughout the process to guarantee that components fit the specifications Individual components are tested and compared with former batches, and final batch control is performed with a control panel for release testing Our procedures are designed to minimize batch to batch variations If required, the batch is sent for release to the relevant authorities
Quality control process
Why are products used for eradication in Europe interesting for other markets?
Commercial veterinary diagnostic products have been on the market since more than 20 years and have proved their effectiveness in disease eradication They are available for markets outside of Europe where the disease prevalence is higher and are reasonably priced (ex. Brucellosis ELISA, ) New techniques are available (PCR) and well adapted for Antigen detection, providing rapid confirmation ((para)tuberculosis).The EU has an interest to stimulate the improvement of herd-health status of countries close to Europe to prevent reintroduction of eradicated diseases
Objectives for the future
Continue to develop kits for emerging diseases
Continue to propose (new) well validated Kits (ELISA, PCR, ….) to the final costumers
Harmonize Validation/Registration processes of these tools
Needs internationally recognised standards
Could OIE lab network help?
World wide acceptance of technologies :
ELISA technologies used since decades and successfully used for disease eradication
PCR real time technology provides reliable assays for detection of targets in various matrices (microorganisms in patient or environmental sample material)