Hardware-technical complex of seismic prospecting, data acquiring and transfer with the use of

radiotechnical equipment and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

Code number Seismic radiocomplex-UAV

JSC VNII Vega

JSC SKB SP

RostecCONCERN «AVTOMATIKA»

Seismic radiocomplex-UAV

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Innovative cableless next generation system for the acquisition andtransfer of seismic prospecting data, providing a considerable increase in efficiency of execution of the exploration work, including oil and gas in hard-to-rich areas, with the use of up-to-datetechnologies of the green seismic prospecting and unmanned aerial vehicles, thus reducing the dependence of Russian fuel-energycomplex on the import of equipment, OEM components and spare parts, services (works) of the foreign companies and the use of foreign software.

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Composition of the system

Cableless system for the data acquisition and their transfer includes:

- multichannel telemetering seismic registering system (MTSS);

- blocks for registration of seismic data (BRS);

- module for intermediate acquisition and storage (MIAS)

- mobile ground point of data acquisition and processing (MPAP) with transceiving devices and central registering system (CRS);

- unmanned aerial vehicle for data acquisition (UAV-DA) with the transceiving devices for the storage, control and transferof the information including antenna-feeder devices;

- unmanned aerial vehicle re-transmitter (UAV-RTR) with the transceiving devices for the storage, control and transfer of the information including antenna-feeder devices;

- mobile control stations for transporting, launching, control of the flight and landing provision of UAVs (CSLUAV);

- unmanned aerial vehicle re-transmitter (UAV-M), connected with MPAP, ransceiving devices for the storage, control and transferof the information including antenna-feeder devices;

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Network structure of the system

Cableless system for data acquisition and their transfer is comprised from the following networks

- acquisition and storage of seismic information from BRS array on MIAS (network 1);

- transfer and storage of seismic information from MIAS directly to CRS MPAP or to UAV-DA (network

- transfer of seismic information from UAV-RTR to CRS MPAP (network );

- control, launch and landing of UAV from MPAP or CSLUAV (network );

- radios for service radio communication in HF range at the ground points (network ).

Organization of the system for data acquisition and their transfer

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UAV-C

BRS

MIAS

MPAP

Organization of the network and network

Network is an array of BRS transferring data to MIAS. MIAS is arranged in the middle of each row of BRS. Data from up to 60 BRS can be transferred to one

MIAS in the real-time mode. The data are transferred via chain from the last in a row BRS to the lastbut one, which transfers these data and its own ones further to MIAS.

To satisfy electromagnetic compatibility conditions the neighboring lines of BRS operate in non-intersecting frequency ranges.

Transceiver of BRS has minimum power consumption in order to provide seismic prospecting works for the period up to one month.

When BRS is not in use it is switched to the sleep mode with minimum power consumption. Transfer from the sleep mode to that one of continuous data acquisition is realized by issuing of the command.

The rate of data transfer from BRS to BRS is up to 5 Mbit/s.

In case of the failure of one of BTS it is excluded from the process of data acquisition and the acquired data are simply transferred through it to the neighboring BRS.

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Organization of the network and network

F1 and F2 are non-licensed frequencies in the range of 868 MHz to 5,8 HGz.

The rate of data transfer from MIAS to CRS MPAP or to UAV-C is up to 30 Mbit/s.

MIAS has one transceiver for communication with BRS and other one for the link with UAV-C or MPAP.

MIAS with antenna-feeder devices is tripod-mounted.

Network is applied for transfer and storage of seismic information from MIAS directly to CRS MPAP or to UAV-C.

Data transfer from MIAS to CRS MPAP or to UAV-C is realized using TDMA technology.

Original waveform is used to provide jamming protection of the signal and favorable propagation of the signal under multipath conditions.

Communication range of MIAS UAV-C is up to 15 km.

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Organization of the network 3 and network 4

100 km

CLDL AL

MPAP

UAV-M

CSLUAV

UAV-RTR UAV-C

BRS

AL

CSLUAV

Lin

k1

Lin

k2

Lin

k3

DL (F2)

CL (F3)

AL(F2)

100 km

DL (F1)

CL (F3) MIAS

F1

F1

F1

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DL TRANFER DATA LINL; AL ACQUISITION DATA LINK; CL CONTROL LINK

Organization of the network network and network

Network performs transfer of seismic information via unmanned aerial vehicles to CRS MIAS.

UAV-C, UAB-RTR, UAV-M, MIAS are equipped with a hardware for wireless data transfer.Transmission data rate is up to 30 Mbit/s.

Original waveform is used to facilitate the best reception of signals at a greater distance.

Data transfer between unmanned aerial vehicles and MPAP is realized by FDMA technology.

Communication range of UAV-C UAV- UAV-RTR UAV-M is up to 100 km.Communication range of UAV-M MPAP is up to 50 km.

Flight duration of unmanned aerial vehicle is up to 5 hours.

F3 is non-licensed frequency within 868 MHz to 5,8 HGz.

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Organization of the network network and network

Network is intended for the control, launch and landing of UAV from MPAP or CSL UAV.

In order to solve all the problems of technological control for the communication facilities while performingthe works radio equipment of MPAP, all of UAVs and all of CSL UAVs forms Mesh-network for the control channel.

Communication range of the control link of CSL UAV UAV, MPAP UAV is up to 10 km.

All of UAVs, MPAP, CSL UAVs are equipped with transceivers in the control link.

Network is composed of radios of the service radio communication in HF range at MPAP and CSL UAV.

Network realizes coordination of activities and coordination of the operation modes while performing the exploration works.

Standard manufactured radios are used for radio communication in HF range.

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Seismic radiocomplex-UAV

In a dependence on the conditions of exploration works execution alternative variants for design of the cableless system for the acquisition and transfer of seismic prospecting data:

variant 1 data transfer from MIAS is proceeded directly to MPAP (ground variant);

variant 2 - data transfer from MIAS is proceeded through the use of UAV-C to MPAP (variant with UAV).

CA

CA

Up to 10 - 15 km

CAPhAA

MPAPCRS

BRS

Lin

e1

Lin

e2

Lin

e3

MIAS

UAV-C

PhAA

MPAPCRS

BRS

Lin

e1

Lin

e2

Lin

e3

MIAS

(2)(1)

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CD channel for data transfer; CA channel for data acquisition; CC control channel

Mobile ground point of data acquisition and processing (MPAP)

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MPAP is an automobile with a cross-country capacity, providedwith all the needed survival facilities, equipment for wireless

data transfer and control commands, power supply facilities,antenna-feeder device and central recording station (CRS).

CRS performs data acquisition from all of BRS, their processing and monitoring.

Complete automation of all the processes is provided,the operator monitors noises, data quality, the state of all BRS

in the real-time mode and he can also observe seismogramafter the impact of vibrations sources.

Advantages of cableless seismic prospecting

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In order to cover the area of 100 km2 it is required up to 350-400 km

of the cable

• Development of digitization.

• Application in the working areas where the use of cable systems islimited or impossible (swamps, estuaries, flood regions, woodlands,

mountain areas, anthropogenic and densely populated areas, etc.).

• Simplification and facilitation of delivery and removal of equipment,reduction of the number of the heavy transport vehicles and fuel

consumption.

• Simplified and diminished in time procedure of deployment and .

• Reduction of glades deforestation and pasture damages (up to 40%).

• Reduction in the technical staff strength (up to 30%).

• Decrease of time for the field operations (up to 20% and even more).

• Decrease in the cost of the field works.

• Diminishing of the negative effects on the environments.

Green seismicity

The use of green seismicity in Russia seems to be especially actual in the regions with composite relief since it allows to easily design a system of monitoring and to avoid large amounts of deforestation, thus providing it ecological relevance.

Diminishing of deforestation achieves up to 40 %.

Deforestation areaSesmic sensor Cable Center for the information acquisition

BRS MIAS MPAP Deforestation area

Routine seismicity

Greenseismicity

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Seismic prospecting at the transit and swamp grounds

In this case CRS, whereseismic prospecting data areacquired and processed, can

be deployed at the consider-able distances from the fields

of BRSs deployment.

UAV-C

Additional floatFloat

Level

Loadhydrophone / hydrophone

Anchor system

Event logger at the depths of

0 - 5 m

BRS

MIAS

Cableless system forseismic prospecting data

acquisition and transferprovides efficient execution

of the exploration works in difficult terrain regions,shallow-water areas and

swamp terrains.

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Comparison with the analog

Name of parameterSeismic registering system RT3(Wireless Seismic Inc.,

Seismic radio complex -UAV

Max number of the active channels in the ground deployment 250 000 Unlimited

Acquiring modes of the seismic data In the real-time mode In the real-time mode, non-real-time mode, mixed modeType of execution of the registering process while acquiring seismic data On the start On the start, continuous

Control of the state profile in real-time mode Available Available

Duration of a continuous registration Approx. 27 days 30 days (12 hour working day)

Format of the output data SEG-Y, SEG-D SEG-Y, SEG-D

Data exchange channel between the ground-deployed blocks and CRS Radio channelRadio channel (non-licensed frequencies within the range

of 868 MHz to 5800 MHz)

Number of channels in the registration block 1 1

ADC n/a 32 digitsSampling increment 4, 2, 1, 0.5 ms 4, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 msInternal memory 8 Gbytes Up to 32 GbytesGain of pre-amplifier n/a 0, 12, 24, 36 dBFrequency range 0 1600 Hz 0 1600 Hz

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Comparison with the analog

Name of parameter eismic registering system RT3 Seismic radio complex -UAV

NDF n/a 0,0003%

Input noise n/a 0,17 mV

Total dynamic range n/a 140 dB

Internal battery Available Available (external battery can be connected)

Weight 1 kg 1,5 kg with internal battery

Embedded system tests Noise, NDF, battery stateNoise, NDF, battery state, GPS state, radio link state, zero offset,

rejection of common-mode interference, temperature inside a block

Time base Automatic control of generator by GPS Automatic control of generator by GLONASS/GPS

Type of the applied seismic sensor Geophone Geophone

Embedded geophone tests n/a Noise, insulation resistance, zero offset, tilt

Information transferred by radio channel in the real-time mode

Seismic data; State of: block, battery, memory; Start of registration

Seismic data;; Attributes of seismic logs qualityState of: block, battery, memory; Start of registration

Operating temperature range - 40 - +75°C - 40 - +70°C

Conditions for the area of executed works Dry land Dry land, transit regions

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Basic advantages of the system

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• Possibility of execution seismic prospecting worksin the most hard-to-reach areas, including distant regions of the Arctic zone of RF.

• Transfer of a large amount of data to CRS in thereal-time mode.

• Easily scaled system of seismic data acquisitionwithout the limitations in the number of activechannels in the ground deployment.

• Seismic data acquisition as in the real-time mode,as in the mixed mode with a possibility to loginformation to the internal memory of BRS.

• Possibility to perform 2D and 3D single- andmulti-component seismic observations and

monitoring.

Basic advantages of the system

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• Use of green seismicity technology.

• Possibility of CRS deployment at the distances up to 300 km from the seismic data fields.

• Diminishing of the technical staff strength.

• Reducing of the field works cost.

• Organization and localization of the productioncompetitive at the world market of geophysicalequipment at the territory of Russian Federation.

• Absence of the analogs of the systems produced in Russia.

JSC VNII Vega

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Manufacturing features

a member of

the "UNION OF RUSSIAN MACHINE BUILDERS"

Quality management system at the enterprise is certified in compliance with GOST R ISO 9001-2015.

100% inspection test of the constituents is provided.

Development and production are accomplished in the common cycle

JSC VNII Vega

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JSC VNII Vega is a modern enterprise with a high

scientific and technical potential, having developed

infrastructure and a complete scientific-production cycle.

It is a repeated winner of the contests

Best industrial enterprise of Voronezh region

Contacts:

Moskovsky prospect, 7-b, Voronezh, Russia

Tel.: +7 (473) 262-27-07 E-mail: vega150@vniivega.ru http://vniivega.ru

JSC VNII Vega JSC SKB SPJSC Concern Avtomatika

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