hardware and networking answers

8/13/2019 Hardware and Networking Answers

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1. What is Troubleshooting?

Common questions and answers to operating systems in general can be found on the belowoperating system question and answers. All other questions relating to an operatingsystem in particular can be found through the operating system page.

2. Different types of RAM?

There are three main types of RAM: SDRAM, DDR and Rambus DRAM.SDRAM (Synchronous DRAM)DDR (Double Data Rate SDRAM)Rambus DRAM (RDRAM)

3. Explain the SCSI, CPU, Ethernet, BIOS?

SCS Small Computer Systems Interface is a way for all data storage devices to communicate overa common protocol standard.

Ethernet Is an IEEE 802.3 standard for !" #local area networ$s% that allows multiple computers

to connect on the same networ$ using I& as the communication protocol 'etween server server.

(Or)

!thernet: A common "ay of net"or#in$ %Cs to create a &A'.S: asic nput utput System. A chip "ithin the %C that offers basic input and outputser*ices to all attached de*ices.

FAT: +ile Allocation Table. A file system table used by the +ATfile systems. t contains

information about "here on the dis# the content of the files are stored.

ar!"are#The physical components that computer systems are comprised of, li#e harddis#s, cpus, e-pansion cards, etc.

$. What is PCI?

%C: %C is %eripheral Component nterconnect is a hi$hspeed connection for de*icesincludin$ SCS cards, *ideo cards, sound cards, modems, *ideo capture cards, etc

$. What is %&ll Ba'?

Roll bac# used to undo chan$es made to the database (restore data to its state prior to theuser ma#in$ chan$es) .

$.What is AP?A/% (Accelerated /raphics %ort) is the specification for a type of dedicated *ideo card0/A0/A (*ideo $raphic au-ulary R Array).ac#up: A copy of a dis# or selected files made for safe#eepin$, usually to remo*able mediaChip: A slan$ term for an inte$rated circuit.

$.*et"&r?


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A net"or# is a $roup of thin$s that are connected to$ether.

$.What is USB?

1ni*ersal Serial us (1S) is a "ay to connect peripheral de*ices to computers. t replacesthe functionality of serial and parallel ports, includin$ #eyboard and mouse ports.The current standard (*ersion), 1S 2.3, is bac#"ards compatible "ith the earlier 4.3 and4.4 standards. 1S 2.3 supports band"idths of 4.5Mbps, 42.5Mbps, and 673Mbps.

$. What is USB?Stands for 1ni*ersal Serial us. 1S is the most common type of computer port used intoday8s computers. t can be used to connect #eyboards, mice, $ame controllers, printers,scanners, di$ital cameras, and remo*able media dri*es, 9ust to name a fe". ith the help ofa fe" 1S hubs, you can connect up to 42; peripherals to a sin$le 1S port and use themall at once (thou$h that "ould re


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$.Explain a0&t the 3 nits & CPU?

They are Memory unit and Control unit and Arthimatic unit.

Memory unit is used to store all result and process

Control unit is used to re caluclate all precess

Arthimatic unit is used to perform all opretion li#e addion and substration andmultiplicatin.and after that it is send it tocontrol unit

$."hat is Ca'he?A type a computer memory that temporarily stores fre


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Q. What is the present we are sin! "otherboard?

!t and !)

Q. Difference between da# core and core2do?

Core 2 Duo is a brand name by Intel - Dual-Core is a generic descriptionmeaning two separate physical cores in one chip package.

Q.How will make the partions to harddisk?

1.disk management2. fdisk

Another term you "ill encounter is a dis# format. There is a hi$hle*el format, "hich createsa ne" file allocation table and is done "ith a +RMAT command. There is also a lo"le*elformat that creates a ne" pattern of sectors. A lo"le*el format must be follo"ed by an+DS@ command to create a ne" Master oot Record and partitions.

Q. How to instal your hard disk by using the Windows XP?

Insert the Windows X CD-!"# into your CD-!"# dri$e or D%D-!"# dri$e& or

insert the first Windows X 'etup disk into the floppy disk dri$e& and thenrestart the computer.(ote )o start your computer from the Windows X CD-!"# *or from the startupdisk+& your computer must be configured to start from the CD-!"# dri$e& the

D%D-!"# dri$e& or the floppy disk dri$e. In some cases& you may ha$e tomodify your computer,s I"' settings to set this configuration. or information

about how to configure your computer to start from the CD-!"# dri$e& the D%D-!"# dri$e& or the floppy disk dri$e& see the documentation that is included with

your computer& or contact the computer manufacturer.

Q.Latest type of RA?

DD!!/#2

Q. H!W "A# W$ %&'A(L$ ')'*$ R$'*!R$?

+ollo" the instructions belo" to disable System Restore:4. Clic# Start, Settin$s, and then clic# Control %anel.2. Doubleclic# the System icon. The System %roperties dialo$ bo- appears.

'T!: f the System icon is not *isible, clic# 0ie" all Control %anel options to display it.

?. Clic# the %erformance tab, and then clic# +ile System.6. Clic# the Troubleshootin$ tab, and then chec# Disable System Restore.5. Clic# @. Clic# es, "hen you are prompted to restart indo"s.nce you ha*e cleanedthe *irus or other problem from the computer, reenable System Restore by follo"in$ thesedirections

5.+hat are the main features of windows &6

"ew features,

Some new components never 'efore 'undled in +indows are now included with +indows &. )hese

include the 7emote -es$top( which allows an & user to remotely log into another computer running

& and control it from the first computer. If you have used "C or &C!nywhere( you will 'e


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familiar with this concept.

!nother new feature is 7emote !ssistance( which is a way to invite someone to connect to your

computer and give help over the networ$( and even control your computer remotely if you choose to

allow it. /ther features include a 'uilt9in firewall( driver signing( and fast switching 'etween different

user profiles.

Q.what are the R$ire"ents of windows XP ?Re


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The T! part all happens in the bac$ground and we don't really need

to

concern ourselves with it under normal circumstances. (owever% in a

networ$ that uses T!"#!% every system must have a uni)ue #!

address% and

that is something that re)uires human intervention in one way or

another.

There are two ways to associate a uni)ue #! address to a specific

computer. One way is for the administrator to assign a number%

which stays

the same unless somebody decides to change it some day. That number

is

then a static #! address.

The other way is to assign a group of addresses to a server% and let

the server hand them out as needed to any system that wants to

communicate on the networ$. This produces a dynamic #! address.

Q.%ow "any types of operatin! syste"s in ser'er side?

#icrosoft Windows 2000 /(D #icrosoft Windows # and inu3 and Windows'er$er 2004

Q.how do chec( the ip address in networ(?

Clic# on the start button, select Settin$s F Control %anel FFF and doubleclic# the 'et"or#icon FFClic# on the TC%=% protocol and clic# on the properties...button. A 8TC%=%%roperties nformation8 "indo"s "ill appear, clic# the @ button. ou should $et the TC%=%%roperties "indo" "ith a panel of se*en tabbed pa$es.

Q. What is the se of ADD A)D R*M+,* pro!ra"e?

ith the Add=Remo*e indo"s Components tool, you can add or remo*e indo"scomponents li#e Accessories (%aint, Calculator, etc), indo"s Messen$er, MS', indo"sMedia %layer, and +a- Ser*ices. &i#e Add or Remo*e %ro$rams, it8s a $ood place to loo# forapplications that you don8t use. Remo*in$ them can impro*e your computer8s performance.

Q.What &s D)-?

-omain "ame System #-"S% is one of the industry9standard suite of protocols that comprise )C&4I&.

Q.What is new &nternet *p#orer ?Internet Eplorer


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Q. What is 'A*A and PA*A?'/)/ 5Serial Ad*anced Technolo$y Attachment/)/5%arallel Ad*anced Technolo$y Attachmentoth are related to hard dri*es.

Q. what is DMA and RTC and AP and ID! and SCSI and "S# and SIMM and

DIMM and $A% A%D &A% A%D ISP A%D #&"and *TFS A%D BIOS A*+

C-OS?

DMA * Direct Memory Access

RT * Real Time loc$%

A+! * Accelerated +raphics !ort.

,AT * ,ile Allocation Table

There are two versions% called ,AT- and ,AT/0

#D1 * #ntegrated Drive 1lectronics or(nte$rated De*lopment !n*iornment) .

SS#* Small omputer System #nterconnect

,S2 * ,ront Side 2us

S#MM* Single #nline Memory Module

D#MM* Dual #nline Memory Module.

3A4 * 3ocal Area 4etwor$.

5A4 * 5ide Area 4etwor$.

MA' Metropolitan Area 'et"or#

Accessing a networ$ through a phone line and modem is called a dial6

up

connection.

#S! * #nternet Service !rovider

(IC5 (etworking Interface Card,s *(IC+

'T+S 'e" Technolo$y +ile System

S : basic input=output system

CMS : complementary metal o-ide semiconductor

22. Types of 'et"or#s:


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&A' The &ocal Area 'et"or# (&A')

A' The term ide Area 'et"or# (A') usually refers to a net"or#.

MA' Metropolitan Area 'et"or#

$. What is the +ieren'e Bet"een a 0 an! a S"it'h?A hub is used in a "ired net"or# to connect !thernet cables from a number of de*icesto$ether. The hub allo"s each de*ice to tal# to the others. (ubs aren8t used in net"or#s"ith only "ireless connections, since net"or# de*ices such as routers and adapterscommunicate directly "ith one another, "ith nothin$ in bet"een.)

A s"itch is used in a "ired net"or# to connect !thernet cables from a number of de*icesto$ether. The s"itch allo"s each de*ice to tal# to the others. (S"itches aren8t used innet"or#s "ith only "ireless connections, since net"or# de*ices such as routers andadapters communicate directly "ith one another, "ith nothin$ in bet"een.)

Q. What is a -&!e?

A modem lin#s the public nternet "ith your home net"or#. The hi$h speed types of dataoutside of your home aren8t suitable for your direct use, so modems con*ert the data intodi$ital !thernet, "hich all the net"or# e.> i; of data

Q.Difference between CD A%D D*D?

D* ompact Disc

D=D* Digital =ideo Disc
http://www.duxcw.com/faq/network/hubsw.htmhttp://www.duxcw.com/faq/network/hubsw.htm


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D=Ds hold much more data

Q. %ow to find &P address of the co"pter?

Clic$ on start 'utton??? select run?? type I&C/"@I ??? press enter?? it will display the I&

address of the computer.

Q. %ow to chec( De'ice "ana!er?

7ight clic$ on the my computer icon9999select properties99999select -evice manager9999)herewe can see which device connected into system.

Q.How to +hange the &P address and *"P address?

!ight click on (etwork neighbourhood-6 select propertties6 select )C7I"!)6 select properties6 )here wwe can set the I address.

Q. where we +an find the A++esibility options?

Double click on my computer icon -6 select control panel6 )here we can findthe /ccesibility options.

Q. How to in+rease the ,irtual memory?

Click on my computer--6 select properties--66 select the perfamance-66 ucan see $irtual memory-66 pl8 click on $irtual memory666 there we canincrese the $irtual memory.

Q. What is Hard Drive?

The hard drive is what stores all you data. It houses the hard disk, where all yourfiles and folders are physically located. A typical hard drive is only slightly largerthan your hand, yet can hold over 100 GB of data. The data is stored on a stackof disks that are ounted inside a solid encaseent. These disks spin e!treelyfast "typically at either #$00 or %&00 '()* so that data can +e accessediediately fro anywhere on the drive. The data is stored on the hard driveagnetically, so it stays on the drive even after the power supply is turned off.

Q. &hat is #)+etooth?This wireless technology enables communication between 2luetooth6

compatible devices. #t is used for short6range connections between

des$top and laptop computers% !DAs :li$e the !alm !ilot or

(andspring =isor;% digital cameras% scanners% cellular phones% and

printers.

Q.&hat is DS$?Stands for >Digital Subscriber 3ine.> #t is medium for transferring

data over regular phone lines and can be used to connect to the

#nternet. (owever% li$e a cable modem% a DS3 circuit is much faster

than a regular phone connection% even though the wires it uses are

copper li$e a typical phone line.

Q.&hat is D%S?The Domain 4ame Server :System; or D4S is a system that stores


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information about host names and domain names in a $ind of

distributed database on networ$s% such as the #nternet. Most

importantly% it provides an #! address for each host name% and lists

the mail exchange servers accepting e6mail for each domain.

Q&hat is Motherboard?

Also $nown as the mainboard or logic board% this is the main circuitboard of your computer. #f you ever open your computer up% the

biggest piece of silicon you see is the motherboard. This is where

you?ll find the !8% the ROM% memory expansion slots% !# slots%

serial ports% 8S2 ports% and all the controllers for things li$e the

hard drive% D=D drive% $eyboard% and mouse. 2asically% the

motherboard is what ma$es everything in your computer wor$ together.

1ach motherboard has a collection of chips and controllers that is

$nown as the >chipset>. 5hen new motherboards are developed% they

often use new chipsets. The good news is that these boards are

typically more efficient and faster than their predecessors. The bad

news is that you may not be able to add certain memory and !8upgrades to older motherboards. Of course% that?s typical of the

computer industry..

Q.&hat is Safe Mode?

Safe Mode is a way for the 5indows operating system to run with the

minimum system files necessary. #t uses a generic =+A display driver

instead of the vendor6specific driver% which means you will li$ely

be wor$ing with only - colors in a resolution of message on your

screen.

There may also be times when your computer is performing sluggishlyand becomes annoyingly slow. 2ooting into Safe Mode will allow you

to diagnose the problem and determine which files are slowing down

the computer. 5hen calling technical support% the support person may

as$ you to boot into Safe Mode to begin the troubleshooting. To boot

your 5indows computer into Safe Mode% hold down the , $ey while the

computer is starting up. Then select Safe Mode from the list of boot

options.

,'R-

safe mode allo"s the user to troubleshoot the operatin$ system to determine "hat is not


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functionin$ properly. +or e-ample, addin$ ne" soft"are or dri*ers.

$. What is S2ste %e5ireents?

hene*er you purchase soft"are or hard"are for your computer, you should first ma#e sureyour computer supports the system re


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4. "in>7 support +AT file and "in-p support 'T+S and also +AT.2. "in>7 does not ha*in$ remote acess facility "hile in -p there is.?. "in>7 does not need faster processin$ speed "hile -p need 533mh processin$ speed.6. "in>7 does not pro*ide system restore "hile -p pro*ide.5. "in>7 and "in-p layout and *isu*al styles are differenet.E. "in-p impro*e de*ice support.

;. "in>7 does not pro*ide security "hile -p pro*ide.

$. "hat is -AC a!!ress ?Short for Media Access Control address,a hard"are address that uni


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function correctly.r))

The reason is because you ha*e too much 9un# in your temporery files and misplace filesthat causes it to run slo". hat you need to do is $o toF start, all pro$rams, accesories,system tools, Fdis# cleanup (clean out your temp files and unuse files). Clean your

dis#space and then repeat it a$ian, instead this time, Fstart, all pro$rams, accesories,system tools, Fdis# defra$ment (defra$ your computer, can ta#e a "hile). 'e-t $o to""".spybot.com and do"nload their free spy"are, install it and run it to #ill your spy"areyou8ll be amaed ho" much spy"are you $ot.

$. I at all "hile 0r&"sin an2 & the pae i "e in! err&r as pae 'ann&t 0e !ispla2e!"hat "ill !&?

This error occurs because your computer cannot access the merchant8s "eb pa$e. f youha*e adbloc#in$ soft"are, please disable the soft"are and try to clic# on the lin# a$ain. f$ettin$ this messa$e and ha*e the @aaa &ite pro$ram installed, please remo*e the filenamed STS found in c:I"indo"sI or c:I"inntI or c:I"inntIsystem?2Idri*ersIetcI. Thisshould fi- the problem and not affect the computer in any ad*erse "ay.

$ . What is s'&ni?

MSConfi$ is a boot confi$uration utility bundled "ith all Microsoft indo"s operatin$systems released after 4>>5 e-cept indo"s 2333

J. "hat "ill "e do if popup is bloc#KThe %opup loc#er bloc#s scriptinitiated popup "indo"s that are created by the follo"in$methods, "ithout the user clic#in$ a lin#. f users enable the most restricti*e settin$ in the%opup loc#er Settin$s, the %opup loc#er bloc#s "indo"s that are opened by these

methods from a userinitiated action, such as clic#in$ a pa$e element or tabbin$ to a lin#and then pressin$ !'T!R.

$. "hat are the printer err&rs?

They are paper 9am and %rint !rrors and scanner failure and Replace the %rint Cartrid$esand Color or Ri$ht %rint Cartrid$e is not compatiblencorrect %rint Cartrid$e(s)%rint Cartrid$e %roblemncorrectly nstalled Cartrid$e(s)lac# or Color Cartrid$e(s) +ailed

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