handling sand laden manure - university of … sand laden manure brian j. holmes professor and...
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Handling Sand Laden Manure
Brian J. Holmes
Professor and Extension SpecialistBiological Systems Engineering Dept.UW-Madison
Quality Milk ConferenceFebruary 9, 2010
Manure Management
" If it doesn't make economic sense it doesn't make any sense at all ".
John Dahl
" Every time you touch manure it costs you money ".
Brian Holmes
“Manure storage should be viewedas a cost center” Leonard Massie
Removing Sand Laden Manure from the Barn
Viable Options:- Tractor/Skid Steer Scrape- Auger- Vacuum Tanker- Flush Flume- Flush- Gravity Flow
ALLEY
MANGER
MANURE STORAGE
ACCUMULATED SAND
24 - 30" DIA. PIPE
SLUICE GATE
CROSSCHANNEL
Push-InProtected from fall in 2-4FT.
6 – 8 ft
ALLEY
ALLEY
ALLEY
Gravity Flow Channelwith Sluice Gate
Transfer to Storage
Gravity4 ft Elevation Difference-Organic10 ft Elevation Difference-Sand
Pump – level or up-hill or long distance
Sand Bedding Settles OutKeep water awayProvide access for clean out
Have an Alternative Plan B
Flushing to Remove Manure from Barn
What is the objective of sand separation?
A. Make downstream manure handling easierB. Reuse cleaned sand for beddingC. Produce sand free manureD. All the aboveE. Both A and B
Sand Cleaning Systems
Gravity SettlingSand LanesSand Trap
MechanicalMcLanahan Sand SeparatorParkson Tru-Grit
US Sieve Number
270 100 50 20 10 4
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
00.01 0.1 1 10
Opening Size (mm)
Frac
tion
Pass
ing
(%)
Fine
Medium
Coarse
Wedel, 20000.27
Slang and Trade Names of Commonly Used Bedding Sand
Relative ASTMSize Designation Sand Name
Fine -- Beach Sand, Blow Sand, Bank Run, Run-of-pit
Medium C-144 Mason’s Sand, Mortar Sand, 3 mil, Regular 8, Number 8
Coarse C-33 Washed Sand, Concrete Sand
Wedel, 2000
Sand Lanes –Separate Cleaned Sand
Typical Flush Flume and Sand Settling Lanes
ScrapeBarn Alley
FlushFlume
Pump2,000-2,500 GPM
Third StageStorage
Sand Settling Lane
Second StageStorage
First StageStorage
SandStorage
Typical Flush Flume and Sand Settling Lanes
Design Criteria:Pump Capacity – 2,000-2,500 gpm
- Screen Inlet for TrashDual Lanes – 12’ wide
- Length varies- Slope (0 - 1/4%)- Depth (8 - 12”)- Equipment Access Ramps- Energy Dissipater at Inlet
Organic Matter Settling (optional) Sand Drain Back SlabSand Mixing & Storage Slab
EnergyDissipation
One Lane Drains & is Cleaned while Other Is Used
SandLane
Organics Settling Basin
Settled Organics
Cleaned Water PumpedCleaned Water PumpedTo Flush FlumeTo Flush Flume
Deposits in Sand Lane
Stage 1Storage
Stage 1Storage
Stage 2Storage
Flushed Manure to Single Sand Lane
Flushed Manure to Single Sand Lane
Sand & Manure fromSingle Sand Lane
McLanahan Sand Separator
Nozzles
AugerMotor
V
Cross Section - McLanahan Sand Separator
Sand LadenManure
Milking CenterWastewater &
Recycle Liquid
OverflowWeir
Effluent toStorageOr Treatment
Blower
Heavy DutyU-TroughAuger
SeparatedSand
Drainage to Sump
Air Line
MeteringAuger
Paddles
Cyclone Separator
Sprayer
DischargeMixing/Settling Hopper
Sand Removal Auger
Sand Accumulation
Overflowing Hopper
Hopper
Auger
Sprayer
Cyclone Separator
Cyclone Separator
Parkson Tru-Grit Separator
Parkson Tru-Grit Sand Separator
Manure In
Sand OutManureOut
Manure In
Water In
Accent Separator-Yields Sandy Manure Solids
Sand Traps –Separate Cleaned Sand
Sand Trap for Flush SystemInlet
Ramp Down
Inlet
Screened Opening
Joe HarnerKansas StateSand Trap for Flush System
Joe HarnerKansas State
Sand Trap for Flush System
Joe HarnerKansas State
Settling Basin –Yields Dirty Sand
Plan View - Sand Settling/Storage Basins
STORAGEBASIN
SETT
LIN
GB
ASI
N
RAMP DOWN
OVER FLOWWEIR
OPTIONALAUGER
INLET
Cut Away - Sand Settling / Storage Basins
SETTLING
BASINSTORAGE
BASIN
ACCUMULATEDSAND
DRIVABLEBOTTOM
MANURE ANDLIQUIDS
OVER FLOWWEIR
INLET
Settling Tank
Conventional Removal from Sand Settling Basins/Tanks =
Skim and Haul =
Slurry Pumped Off FirstWet Sand/Solids Bucketed Out
Variation on Skim and Haul
YesWatch Video?
Houle Sand Settling Basins Following Flush Flume
Manure Storage Down Stream of Houle Sand Settling Basins
Settling Basin FollowingFlush Flume
Weeping Wall Chamber –Yields Dirty Sand
Joe HarnerKansas State
Joe HarnerKansas State
SandBedding?
Is SandBeddingExpensive?
Is SandRecovery Space
Limiting?
Is Flushing
Used?
Selected SystemToo Expensive?
Must SandBe Kept FromStorage?
Is SandRecovery Space
Limiting?
EndNo
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Plan to ReuseSand
Sand Trapor
Sand Lanes
MechanicalSeparation
Yes
Yes
YesFlushFlume
No
No
No
No
No
Sand Trapor
Sand Lanes
Further Treatment And/or Storage
No Plan toReuse Sand
Is Flushing orFlush Flume
Used?
SettlingBasin
SettlingTank/Basin
orWeeping WallChamber
Try AgainUsing
Different Path
No
Yes
Deciding on a Sand Removal System
End
Questions
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