hand book of method of measurement building works

8/7/2019 HAnd Book of Method of Measurement Building Works

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Reaffirmed 1997 )


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HANDBOOKOFMETHOD OF

MEASUREMENTOF BUILDINGWORKS( First Revision )

BUREAU OF IN DIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SH AH ZAFAR MARC

NEW DELHI 110002


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SP27: 1987First Published July 1985First Revision October 1987First Reprint August 1988Second Reprint March 1993Third Reprint May 1997Fourth Reprint March 19980 BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS 1987

UDC 69.0031*12(021)ISBN 81-7061-002-8

PRICE : Rs 325.00

Printed in India at Central Electric Press, A-120 Naraina Industrial Area, Phase I, New Delhi 110028and published by the Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi 110 002


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FOREWORDMeascrement of work occupies a very important place in the planning and

execution of any civil engineering project from the time of first estimates to finalcompletion and settlement of payments. Methods followed for the measurement arenot uniform, and considerable differences exist between the practices followed bydifferent construction agencies and also between various Central and State Govern-ment Departments. While it is recognized that each system of measurement has tobe specifically related to administrative and financial organization with departmentsresponsible for the work, a unification of the various systems at the technical level hasbeen accepted as very desirable, specially as it permits a wider circle of operation forcivil engineering contractors, and eliminates ambiguities and misunderstandingsarising out of inadequate information and knowledge of various systems followed.

Indian Standards on method of measurement of building and civil engineeringworks have, therefore, been formulated which have been covered in various parts ofIS : 1200 based on the trades. These parts are further amended and revised fromtime to time so as to keep the same based on the latest practices being followed bythe major construction agencies. So far, 25 parts have been prepared coveringvarious trades.

A need for a consolidated handbook covering the methods of measurementof building works at a place has been felt by various organizations, in general, and theeducational institutions, in particular. Such a handbook is also expected to helpthose organizations which are dealing with all the trades. This Handbook was firstcompiled in 1984 and was based on information given in various parts of IS : 1200as on 31 March 1984. This revision includes information as on 31 March 1987which incorporates revised parts 13, 15, 17 and 23, and amendments issued toPart 21. However, for the purpose of exact latest information which is required tobe referred in case of contracts, etc, reference may be made only to the relevantparts of IS : 1200 instead of this Handbook.


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As in the Original Standard, this Page is Intentionally Left Blank


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SP : 27 - lYi i7

Section

1.1A.113.1c .2.3.4.4A.4B .5.6.7.8.9.

10 .11 .12 .13 .14 .15 .16 .17 .

18 .19 .20 .21 .22 .

CONTENTSTitle

FOREWORD . . . 6..GENERAL . . . .*.

T e r m in o lo g y . . . . . .Ru le s fo r Ro u n d in g Off Va lu es . . . . . .Gener a l P rov is ions Appl icab le to All Sec t ions . . .

MATERIALS . . .EARTHWORK . . .FOUNDATIONS . . .

P i l e F o u n d a t i on . . .We l l Fo u n d a t io n . . .

CONCRETEWORKS .BRICKWORK . .STONE MASONRY . . .FORMWORK . .WOODWORK ANDJ O I N E R Y . . .STEELWORKAND IR ONWORK . . .HARDWARE . . .GLAZING . . .PAVINO, FLOOR F INISHES,DADO AND SKIRTINGROOF COVERING . . .CEILINCZAND LINING . . .PLASTERINGAND POINTING . .

. . .

. . .. . .. . .. . .

. . .

. .

. . .

. . .

. . .. . .. .. . .. . .. . ..-.

WHITEWASHING, COLOUR WASHING, DISTEMPEi


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SECTION 1 GENERALSUB-SECTION 1A TERMINOLOGYSUB-SECTION 1B RULES FOR ROUNDING OFF VALUESSUB-SECTION 1 C GENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE

TO ALL SECTIONS


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SP : 27 - 1987SUB-SECTION 1 ATERMINOLOGY

( R e lk v a n t I n d i a n S t a n d a r d s )B

B a r g e Bo a r d -- A purpose-made fitting, normallyof angular section, to form the junction betweenroof covering and either wall or vertical claddingat a gable end.B a t t e n - A piece of sawn timber whose cross-sectional dimensions do not exceed 5 cm in eitherdirection.B e r m - A shelf that breaks the continuity of aslope.B o u l d e r - A more or less rounded block or frag-ment of rock and of average dimension 300 mm orgreater. Usually boulders are rounded by beingcarried or rolled along by water or ice; sometimesalso by weathering in place in which case they areknown as boulders of weathering, disintegration orexploitation.

CC h a i r - A rigid device used to support and/orhold reinforcing bars in proper position to preventdisplacement before or during concreting.C h h a j j a - The projected reinforced cement con-crete member of average thickness not exceeding100 mm.C o b b l e - A rock fragment, usually rounded orsemi-rollnded, with an average dimension between80 and 300 mm.C o m p a c t i o n - The tlensification of a soil bymeans of mechanical manipulation.C o r n e r P i e c e ( C o r n e r F l a s h i n g ) - An accessoryto form the junction between vertical corrugatedsheeting at internal or external angles.

DDem o l i t i o n - Taking up or down or breaking up.Di s m an t l i n g - Carefully taking up or down andremoving without. damage; the article shall bepassed by hand, where necessary, and lowered tothe ground and not thrown and where these arefixed by nails, screws, bolts, etc, these shall betaken out with proper tools and not by tearing orripping.D u b b i n g O u t - The operation of attaching piecesof siate, tile, etc, to a wall with plaster, and thenlikewise covering them in order to fill out hollowsor to form projections.

FF i n i a l - A decorative fittingof ridges and hips, and at themidal or dome roofs.

used at the junctiontop of conical, pyra-

F l a s h i n g - A strip of impervious material,usuallymetal, used to exclude water from the junctionbetween a roof covering and another part of thestructure. HH a c k i n g - The roughing of solid backgrounds,by hand or mechanical methods, to provide asuitable key.H a u n c h - The deepend portion of a beam thatincreases in depth toward the support.Hip . - The outer angle ( more than 110 ) formedby the inclined ridge between two intersecting roofslopes.H o o k - A bend in the end of a reinforcing bar.

LL a p - The length by which one bar or sheet offabric reinforcement overlaps another.

PP l a n k - A piece of sawn timber whose thicknessdoes not exceed 5 cm but the width exceeds 5 cm.

RR a k i n g - Removing mortar from masonry jointsto provide suitable key for the plastering andpointing.R o c k - Natural solid mineral matter connectedby strong and permanent cohesive forces, occurringin large masses or fragments.

SS a n d - Cohesionless aggregates of angular, sub-angular, sub-rounded, rounded, flaky or flat frag-ments of more or less unaltered rocks or mineralof size between 4.75 mm and 75 microns.S can t & g - A piece of timber whose cross-sectional dimensions exceed 5 cm but do not exceed20 cm in both directions.S t o p e n d s - The forming of the lower ends ofcappings above drips, gutters and the like, to forma closure.

VVerge - The edge of the roof surface finished ata gable or the edge of the vertical tiling at windowreveals and of walls and dormer cheeks.Void - Space in a soil mass not occupied by solidmineral matter. This space may be occupied byair, water or other gaseous or liquid material.

3


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SP : 27 - 1987SUB-SECTION

RULES FOR ROUNDING(IS:2)

IBOFF VALUES

1. SCOPE1.1 This sub-section prescribes rules for roundingoff numerical values for the purpose of reportingresults of a test, an analysis, a measurement or acalculation. It also makes recommendations asto the number of figures that should be retained incourse of computation.2. TERMINOLOGY2.0 For the purpose of this sub-section, the follow-ing definitions shall apply.2.1 Number of Decimal Places - A value issaid to have as many decimal places as there arenumber of figures in the value, counting from thefirst figure after the decimal point and endiq withthe last figure on the right.

Examples:Vahe Decimal Places

0.029 50 521.029 5 4

2 000~000 001 6291.00 21032 x 103 2

( see Note 1 )NOTE 1 - For the purpose of this sub-section, the expres-sion IO.32 x 10sshould be taken to consist of two parts,the value proper which is IO.32 and the unit of expressionfor the value, 103.

2.2 Number of Significant Figures - A valueis said to have as many significant figures as thereare number of significant dig&s ( see Note 2 ) in thevalue, counting from the left-most non-zero digit andending with the right-most digit in the value.

Examples:Value Signijcant Figures0.029 500 50.029 5 3

10.029 5 62 000~000 001 105 677-O 5

567 700 656.77 x lo2 4

0 056.770 53 900 4

( see Note 3 )NOTE 2 - Any of the digits, 1, 2, 3 ,........ ,9 occurring in

a value shall be a significant digit(s); and zero shall be asignificant digit only when it is preceded by some otherd ig i t ( excepting zeros ) on its left. When appearing in thepower of 10 to indicate the magnitude of the unit in theexpression of a value, zero shall not be a significant digit.

NOTE 3 - Mith a view to removing any ambiguityregarding the significance of the zeros at the end in a valurlike 3 900, it would be always desirable to write the valuein the power-of-ten notation. For example, 3 900 may bewritten as 3.9 x lOs, 3.90 x 10s or 3.900 X 10s dependingupon the last figure(s) in the value to which it is desired toimpart significance.

2.3 Fineness of Round ing - The unit to whicha va!ue is rounded off.

For example, a value may be rounded to thenearest 0.000 01, 0.000 2, 0.000 5, 0.001, 0.002 5,0.005, 0.01, 0.07, 1, 2.5, 10, 20, 50, 100 or anyother unit dependmg on the fineness desired.3. RULES FOR RO UNDING OFF VALUES3.0 The rule usually followed in rounding off avalue to unit fineness of rounding is to keep un-changed the last figure retained when the figurenext beyond is less than 5 and to increase by I thelast figure retained when the figure next beyond ismore than 5. There is diversity of practice whenthe figure next beyond the last figure retained is 5.In such cases, some computers round up, that is,increase by 1, the last figure retained; others rounddown, that is, discard everything beyond the lastfigure retained. Obviously, if the retained valueis always rounded up or always rounded down,the sum and the average of a series of values sorounded will be larger or smaller than the corres-ponding sum or average of the unrounded values.However, if rounding off is carried out in accor-dance with the rules stated in 3.1 in one step ( see3.3 ), the sum and the average of the roundedvalues would be more nearly correct than in theprevious cases ( see Appendix A ).3.1 Rounding OfF to Unit Fineness - In casethe fineness of rounding is unity in the last placeretained, the following rules shall be follo\ved:

Krile I - When the figure next beyond thelast figure or place to be retained is less than5, the figure in the last place retained shall beleft unchanged.

Rule II - When the figure next beyond thelast figure or place to be retained is more than5 or is 5 followed by any figures other thanzeros, the figure in the last place retained shallbe increased by 1.

Rule III - When the figure next beyondthe last figure or place to be retained is 5alone or 5 followed by zeros only, the figure inthe last place retained shall be (a) increased by1 if it is odd and (b) left unchanged if even( zero would be regarded as an even numberfor this purpose ).Some examples illustrating the application of

Rules I to III are give in Table 1.4


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SP : 27 - 1987

TABLE 1 EXAMPLES OF ROUNDING OFF VALUES TO UNIT FINENESS( cIousc 3.1 )

VALUE FINENESS OF ROUNDINOr__-___----------~-__-*--~__-1 0.1

---------______70.01 0.001~__-_*-_--~ r---_-*---_-,

Rounded Rule Roundedr __&___~

Rule Rounded Rulec---*---_-~

Value Value Value R??::d Rulea7.260 4 7 I 7.3 II 7.26 I 7.260 I

14.725 15 II 14.7 I 1472 III(b) -14.7253.455 3 I 3.5 II 346 III(a) 3.455 -

13.545 001 14 II 13.5 I 13.55 II 13.545 I8.725 9 II a.7 I a.72 III(b) a.725 -

19205 19 I 19.2 I 1920 III(b) 19.205 -0.549 Y 1 II 0.5 I 0.55 II 0.550 II0650 1 1 II 0.7 II 0.65 I 0.650 I0,049 50 0 I 0.0 I 0.05 II 0.050 III(a)

3.1.1 The rules for rounding laid down in 3.1may be extended to apply when the fineness ofrounding is 0.10, 10, 100, 1 000, etc. For example,2.43 when rounded to fineness 0.10 becomes 2.40.Similarly, 712 and 715 when rounded to the fine-ness 10 become 7 10 and 720, respectively.3.2 R o u n d i n g O ff t o F i n e n e s s O t h e r t h a nUni ty - In case the fineness of rounding is notunity, but, say, it is n, the given value shall berounded off according to the following rule:

Rule IV - When rounding to a fineness n,other than unity, the given value shall bedivided by n. The quotient shall be roundedoff to the nearest whole number in accordancewith the rules laid down in 3.1 for unitfineness of rounding. The number soobtained, that is, the rounded quotient, shall

then be multiplied by n to get the final roundedvalue.Some examples illustrating the appIication ofRule IV are given in Table 2.NOTE 4 - The rules for rounding off a value to anyfineness of rounding, n, may also be stated in line withthose for unit fineness of rounding ( see 3.1 ) as follows:

Divide the given value by n so that an integralquotient and a remainder are obtained. Round off thevalue in the following manner:a) If the remainder is less than n/2, the value shall be

rounded down such that the rounded value is anintegral multiple of n.b) If the remainder is greater than n/2, the valueshall be rounded up such that the rounded valueis an integral multiple of a.c) If the remainder is exactly equal to n/2, thatrounded value shall be chosen which is an integral

multiple of 2n.

TABLE 2 EXAMPLES OF ROUNDING OFF VALUES TO FINENESS OTHER THAN UNITVALUE FINENESS OF QUOTIENT ROUNDED FIZ?ALROUNDEDROUNDED, n QUOTIENT VALUE

(1) (2) (3) - (l)/(2) (4) (5) = (2) x (4)1.647 8 0.2 a.239 8 1.62.70 0.2 13.5 14 2-a2.496 a 0.3 a.322 7 a 2.4175 05 35 4 200.687 21 0.07 9817 3 10 0.70@a75 0.07 125 12 084

325 50 6.5 6 3 x 101 025 50 20.5 20 101x 10s


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SP : 27 - 19873.2.1 Fineness of rounding other than 2 and5 is seldom cllled for in practice. For these cases,the ru!es for rounding may be stated in simplerform as follows:

a) Rounding off to fineness 50, 5, 0.5, 0.05,0.005, etc.Rule V - When rounding to 5 units, the

given value shall be doubled and rounded offto twice the required fineness of rounding inaccordance with 3.1.1. The value thus obtain-ed hhall be halved to get the final roundedvalue.For example, in rounding oB975 to the nearest50,. 975 is doubled giving 1 950 which becomes2 000 when rounded off to the nearest 100; when2 000 is divided by 2, the resulting number 1 000 isthe rounded value of 975.

b) Rounding off to fineness 20, 2, 0.2, O-02,O.CO2, etc.Rule b-1 - When rounding to 2 units, the givenvalue shall be halved and rounded off to half therequised fineness of rounding in accordancewith 3.1. The value thus obtained shall then bedoubled to get the final rounded value.

For example, in rounding off 2.70 to the nearest0.2, 2.70 is halved giving 1.35 which becomes 1.4when rounded off to the nearest 01; when 1.4 isdoubled, the resulting number 28 i: the roundedvalue.3.3 Successive Rounding - The final roundedvalue shall be obtained from the most precise valueavailable in one step only and not from a series3f successive rountlings. For example, the value1.549 9, \\.hcbn louncled to one significant figure,#hall be written as 0.5 and not as 0.6 which isjbtaned as a result of &ccessive roundings to1550, 0.55, and 0.6. It is obvious that the mostjrecise value available is nearer to 0.5 and not to16 and rhat the error involved is less in the formerease. Similarly, 0 650 1 shall be rounded off to1.7 in one step and not successively to 0.650, 0.65nd 0.6, since the most precise value available hereI nearer to 0.7 than to O-6 ( see also Table 1 )>

NOTE 5 - In those cases where a final rounded valueterminates with 5 and it is intended to use it in furthercomputation, it may be helpful to use a + or - signafter the final 5 to indicate whether a subsequent roundingshould be up or down. Thus 3.214 7 may be written as3.215 - when rounded to a fineness of rounding WOOI. Iffurther rounding to three significant figures is desired. thisnumber would be rounded down and written as 3.21 whichis in error by lets than half a unit in the last place other-wise, rounding off 3.215 would have yielded 3.22 which isin error by Marc than half a unit in the last place. Similarly,3.205 4 could be written as 3.205 + when rounded to 4significant figures. Further rounding to 3 significant figureswould yield the value as 3.21.

In case the final 5 is obtained exactly, it would beindicated by leaving the 5 as such without using + or -sign. In subsequent rounding the 5 would then be treatedin accordance with Rule III.6

4. NUMBER OF FIGURES TO BE RETAINED4.0 Pertinent to the application of the rules forrounding off is the underlying decision as to thenumber of figures that should be retained in a givenproblem. The original values requiring tb berounded off may arise as a result of a test, an analy-sis or a measurement, in other words, experimentalresults, or they may arise from computationsinvolving several steps.4.1 Experimental Results - The number offigures to be retained in an experimentai result,either for the purpose of reporting or for guidingthe formulation of specifications will depend on thesignificance of the figures in the value.4.2 Computations - In computations involvingvalues of different accuracies, the problem as tohow many figures should be retained at varioussteps assumes a special significance as it wouldaffect the accuracy of the final result. The round-ing off error will, in fact, be injected into compu-tation every time an arithmetical operation is per-formed. It is, therefore, necessary to carry out thecomputation in such a manner as would obtainaccurate results consistent with the accuracy ofthe data in hand.

4.2.I While it is not possible to prescribe detailswhich may be followed in computations of varioustypes, certain basic rules may be recommendedfor single arithmetical operations which, whenfollowed, will save labour and at the same timeenable accuracy of original data to be normallymaintained in the final answers.4.2.2 As a guide to the number of places or

figures to be retained in the calculations involvingarithmetical operations with rounded or approxi-mate values, the following procedures are recom-mended:4

b)

4

d)

Addition - The more accurate values shallbe rounded off so as to retain one moreplace than thellast significant figure in theleast accurate value. The resulting sumshall then be rounded off to the last signi-ficant place in the least accurate value.Subfraction - The more accurate value( of the two given values ) shall be roundedoff, before subtraction, to the same placeas the last significant figure in less accuratevalue; and the result shall be reported assuch ( see also Note 6 ).Multiplication and division - The numberof signijcant Jisures retained in the moreaccurate values shall be kept one more thanthat in the least accurate value. Therewlt shall then be rounded off to thesame number of significant figures as inthe least accurate value.When a long computation is carried out inseveral steps, the intermediate results shall


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be properly rounded at the end of eachstep so as to avoid the accumulation ofrounding errors in such cases. It is re-commended that, at the end of each step,one more significant figure may be retainedthan is required under (a), (b) and (c)( see also Note 7 ).NOTE G - The loss of the significant figures in the sub-

traction of two nearly equal values is the greatest source ofinaccuracy in most computations, and it forms the weakestlink in a chain computation where it occurs. Thus, if thevalues 0.169 52 and 0.168 71 are each correct to five signi-ficant figures, their difference 0.000 81, which has only twosignificant figures, is quite likely to introduce inaccuracyin subsequent computation.

If, however, the difference of two values is desired to becorrect to k significant figures and if it is known, before-hand that the first m significant figures at the left willdisappear by subtraction, then the number of significantfigures to be retained in each of the values shall be m + k( see Example 4 ).NOTE 7 - To ensure a greater degree of accuracy in thecomputations, it is also desirable to avoid or defer as longas possible certain approximation operations like that ofthe division or square root. For example, in the determi-

nation of sucrose by volumetric method, the expression2ow, fz( fl_ ) may be better evaluated by takivlgitYscalc3ationa;11form as 2Ow, (f& - fIrql )/wIuIu, whichwould defer the division until the last operation of thecalculation.4.2.3 Examples

Example 1Required to find the sum of the rounded offvalues 461.32, 381.6, 76.854 and 4.746 2.Since the least accurate value 38 1.6 is knownonly to the first decimal place, all othervalues shall be rounded off to one more

place, that is, to two decimal places andthen added & shown below:461.32381.676.854.75924.52

The resulting sum shall then be reported tothe same decimal place as in the leastaccurate value, that is, as 924.5.Example 2

Required to find the sum of the values28 490, 894, 65732, 39 500, and 76 939,assuming that the value 39 500 is knownto the nearest hundred only.

Since one of the values is known only to thenearest hundred, the other values shall berounded off to the nearest ten and thenadded as shown below:2 819 x 1089 x 1066 x 103 950 x 107694 x lo

14 648 x 10

SP : 27 - 1987The sum shall then be reported to the nearesthundred as 1465 x 100 or even as1,465 x 105.

Example 3Required to find the difference of 679.8and 76.365, assuming that each numberis known to its last figure but no farther.Since one of the values is known to the firstdecimal place only, the other value shallalso be rounded off to the first decimalplace and then the difference shall befound. 679876.4__-603.4The difference, 603.4 shall be reported assuch.

Example 4Required to evaluate l/m -- dm correct1to five significant fiiures.-_Since (2.52 = 1587 450 79

d2.49 = i.577 973 38and three significant figuresdisappear on subtraction,significant figures retainedshall be 8 as shown below:

at the left willthe number ofin each valueI.587 450 81.577 973 40009 477 4

The result, 0009 477 4, shall be reportedas such ( or as 9.477 4 x 10-3 ).

Example 5Required to evaluate 35*2/1/2Tgiven that thenumerator is correct to its last figure?Since the numerator here is correct to threesignificant figures, the denominator shall

be taken as g/2 -- 1414. Then,35.2F m=24.891.414

and the result shall be reported as 249.Example 6

Required to evaluate 3.78 x /5*6, assumingthat the denominator is true to only twosignificant figures.Since the denominator here is correct to twosignificant figures, each number in thenumerator would be taken up to threesignificant figures. Thus,

3.78 x 3;l? =~5.7 2.08 .The result shall, however, be reported as 2.1.

7


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SP : 27 , 1987~-APPENDIX A( czause 3.0 )

VALIDITY OF RULESA-l. The va l id i ty o f l ,t h e r u l e s for rounding offnumerical values, as given in 3.1, may be seen fromthe fact that to every number that is to be roundeddown in accordance with Rule I, there correspondsa number that is to be rounded up in accordancewith Rule II. Thus, these two rules establish abalance between rounding down and up for allnumbers other than those that fall exactly midwaybetween two alternatives. In the latter cam, sincethe figure to be dropped is exactly 5, Rule III,which specifies that the value should be rounded toits nearest even number, implies that roundingshall be up when the preceding figures are 1, 3,5, 7, 9 and down whtn they are 0, 2, 4, 6, 8. RuleIII hence advocates a similar balance betweenrounding up and down ( see also Note 8 ). Thisimplies that if the above rules are followed in a

large group of values in which random distributionof figures occurs, the number rounded up and thenumber rounded down will be nearly equal.Therefore, the sum and the average of the roundedvalues will be more nearly correct than would bethe case if all were rounded in the same direction,that is, either all up or all down.

NOTE 8 - From purely logical considerations, a givenvalue could have as well been rounded to an odd number( and not an even number as in Rule III ) when the dis-carded figures fall exactly midway between two alterativcs.But there is a practical aspect to the matter. The roundingoff a value to an even number facilitates the division of therounded value bv 2 and the result of such division gives thecorrect rounding off of half the original unrounded value.Besides, the ( rounded ) even values may generally beexactly divisible by many more numbers, even as well asodd, than are the ( rounded ) odd value.


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SUB-SECTION 1 CGENERAL PROVISIONS APPLICABLE( All Parts of IS I 1200 )

SP : 27 - 1987

TO ALL SECTIONS

1. SCOPE1.1 This sub-section covers the general provisionsnormally applicable to all sections.

NOTE -Deviation for a particular section har beenindicated in the note of each clause.2. GENERAL PROVISIONS2.1 Clubbing of Items - Items may be clubbedtogether provided these are on the basis of thedetailed description of items stated in this hand-book.

the following categories in convenient stages statingthe height or depth:a) Below ground/datum level , andb) Above ground/datum level .

NOTIB- The ground/datum level shall be specified ineach case.2.5 Work to be Measured Separately ( notApplicable to Sections15, 16,17,18,19 and 22 ) 2, 9, JO, 11, 12, 13,- Work executed in 14,thefollowing conditions shall be measured separately:

2.2 Booking of Dimensions - In booking dimen-sions, the order shall be consistent and generallyin the sequence of length, breadth or width andheight or depth or thickness.2.3 Bills of Quantities - The bills of quantitiesshall fully describe the materials and workman-ship, and accurately represent the work to beexecuted.2.4 Measurement in Stages - Works in case ofSections 5, 6, 7, 19, 20, 21 shall be measured under

a)b)c)d)4

Work in or under water ( or on dry soil incase of Section 4B );Work in liquid mud ( in case of Sections4A, 6 and 20 );Work in or under foul positions ( notapplicable to Section 4A );Work under tides; andWork in snow [ In marshy land in case ofSection 4A and in wet soil ( 30 cm abovesubsoil water ) in case of Section 4B 1.


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SECTION 2 MATERIALS


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SP : 27 - 1987MATERIALS

[ IS : 1200 ( Part 22 ) ]1. SCOPE1.1 This section covers the method of measurementof materials normally used in buildings and civilengineering works.2. GENERAL2.1 Description of Item - Description of eachitem shall, unless otherwise stated, include wherevernecessary, conveyance and delivery, handling, un-loading, storing, etc.

2.2 Limits of Measurement - Dimensions shallbe measured net in decimal system to the nearest001 m, area to nearest 001 m2, volume to nearest0.01 ma, weight to nearest 1 kg, unless otherwisestated in the relevant Indian Standard( s ) on thespecification of materials.3, METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OFMATERIALS3.1 Various types of materials shall be measured asmentioned in Table 1.

TABLE 1 MEASUREMENT OF MATERI ALSNAME: OF MATERIAL How MEASURED

Aggr ega t e sBr ick/stone of 40 mm nominal size and aboveBrick/stone aggregates of less than 40 mm size cinder,sand, moorum, fly ash, pozzolana, stone, stone dust

Aluminium FlatsAluminium Strip and EdgingAsbrrtas Ccmcnt Products

Barge boardsRidgeGutters

In ma after making a deduction of 75 percent from stackmeasurements and as per typeIn ms of g r o ss s t ack m easu r em en t s acco r d i ng t o nom i n a l

size and typeIn kg, stating sizeIn running metre stating size

Roof lights, north light curvesSheetsVentilators, eaves fillers, apron pieces, louvers, cowls,ridge finials, septic tanks

Bitumrm ProductsBitumen felt

Enumerated, stating sizeIn pairs, according to size and typeEnumerated, stating size, type and lengthEnumerated, stating size and typeEnumerated, stating type, size and lengthEnumerated and described

Bitumen hot sealing compoundBitumen road tar

Joint filler ( sealing compound )Boards

Plywood, etc

In m*, stating type, grade and widthBy weight, in kg, stating grade and typeIn tonnes, stating typeIn kg

Brick/Brick I&sBlocks Building ( Clay, Cement, Stone, etc )Cement/Lime Pozrolana MixtureDistcmprrDoors/Windows/Ventilator Frames

In ms, stating type and thicknessEnumeratrd, stating class and sizeEnumerated stating size, type and grade, if anyIn kg, stating typeIn kgIn linear metre and described ( outsidedimensions measured )

D~rslWindows/Ventilators ( Excluding Filtingr In m* and drscribedand Finishes )Fibrc Glass FeltFib FibrousjNen FibrousFittings for Doors and Windows

In m stating thickness and gradeIn ms and describedEnumerated

( Continued )

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SP : 27 - 1987

TABLE 1 MEASUREMENT OF MATERI ALS - Contd

Galvanired Steel Bw bcd W ireGnlvani;ed Steel Sheets ( Corruga/ecl,Ploitr )Glass Sheer; ( Plnin/Pin Head/Frosfed! Itired/SPlinfer Proof)Glass StripsJali ( Cement Concrete/Clay )Leadfor CaulkingLimeMarble ChipsMarble DustMarble PiecesMarble SlabA4etal BeadingPaints, Emulsions and ThinnersPaint ( .StlJ) and PiStnentPipes and Accessories

Pipe fittingsliprs ( rxcept mild steel )

Precast Units for FloorinfiRope AfonilaRubber Rin,y s for PipesSteel

Mild steel sheetsMild steel expanded metalWire fabric/chain fabricHoop iron/bolts/rivets/bars/structural sections/rails/mild steel pipes

StoneBoundary stone/kilometre stoneKerh stoneFlour stone slabsSoling stone, boulders, rubble

Sanitary Fillings.* ~ist~rns/clamp~!ccrc!~~/fcrrules/footrc~sts/gratings/hydrants/trap,/bath t~~bs~urinal/valvcs/~~a~ll hasins/\YC pans/showers/towt,l rails/ hidersTills

TimberBlocksjbauksBallirsBamboosScantlings/planks/hattens

Isles ( Other than sanitary )wall Tilcs!False Ceiling TiIeslRooJing Ti lesIJatcr proofing CompolmdW ater Proofing Paste/I%w lsionlLiqrtidWireWire Robe

In kg, stating type and sizeIn quintals or enumcratcd, stating ty~:c and size

In m?, stating type, thickness and sizeIn running metres, stating thickness and widthIn m, stating thickness and t) peIn kgIn kg, stating classIn quintal, stating size and dtxrihcdIn kgIn kg, stating colourIn ms, stating thickness and typeIn rttnninfg metros, stating typf and sizeIn litrcs, stating t)pe ami classIn kg, stating type and class

Bnumrrated and drscrihedIn rttnning ntrtrca and dcscrilwdF,numcr;ttt~d and describedIn kg and drscribedBnurnerntcd and dcscribcd

In tonnes, stating size and thickness1n.m and descrihetlIn m2 and descrihcdIn kg or tonnes and described

Enumerated, stating size and typeEnumerated, stating sizeIn ms and describedIn m?, after making a deduction of 15 percent fromgross stack measurements, stating nominal size and

type

Enumcrntcd, slating type and size

Euumcrated, stating type and sizeEnumerated, specifying diameter and described ( diametershall be measured at 15 m from the thick end )Enumerated and describedIn m3, stating size and typeIn ms, stating size and typeEnumerated, stating type and sizeIn kgIn litresIn kg and describedIn running metre and described

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SECTION 3 EARTHWORK


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SP : 27 - 1987EARTHWORK[ IS : 1200 ( Part 1 ) ]

3. CLASSIFICATION1 This section covers the method of measurement

earthwork in building and civil engineeringGENERAL RULES

M e a s u r e m e n t s - Unless otherwise stated, here-all work shall be measured net in decimalas fixed in pc:ition as given below:

3.1 The materials to be excavated shall be classi-fied as follows unless otherwise specified:a) Soft /Loose Soil - Generally any soil whichyields to the ordinary application of pickand shovel, or to phawra, rake or otherordinary digging implement; such as vege-table or organic soil, turf, gravel, sand,silt, loom, clay peat, etc.b) Hard/Dense Soil - Generally any soil whichrequires the close application of picks, orjumpers or scrifiers to loosen; such as stiff

4

b)4

Each dimension shall be measured to thenearest 0.01 m, where any dimension ismore than 25 m it should be measured tothe nearest 0.1 m;Areas shall be worked out to the nearest0.01 m2; andCubical contents shall be worked out to thenearest 001 ms.

The following works shall not be measuredand allowance for the same shall beeemed to have been made in the description of

4b)44e)f)d

h)j)k)

Setting out works, profiles, etc;Site clearance, such as cleaning grass andvegetation;Unauthorized bettering or benching ofexcavation;Forming ( or leaving ) dead men or tell-tales in borrow pits and their removal aftermeasurements;Formine; ( or leaving ) steps in sides of deepexcavation and their removal after mea-surements;Excavation for insertion of planking andstrutting;Unless otherwise specified, removing slipsor falls in excavations;Bailing out or pumping of water in excava-tion from rains;Bailing out or pumping of water in excava-tion from sub-soil water when measuredunder 2.5(a) of subssection; andSlinging or supporting pipes, electric cables,etc, met during excavation.

2.3 Special pumping other thbn what is includedin 2.2(h) and (j) and well point dewatering whererc#orted to, shall each be measured separatelyfor all stages of pumping, including, intermediatestages unless otherwise stated, in kWh againstseparate specific provision(s) made for the purpose.

cl4

e>f)

clay, gravel and cobblestone.Mud - A mixture of soil and water in fluidor weak solid state.Soft/Disintegrated Rock ( not RequiringBlasting ) - Rock or boulders which maybe quarried or split with crowbars. Thiswill also include laterite and hard conglo-merate.Hard Rock ( Requiring Bla sti ng ) - Any rockor boulder for the excavation of whichblasting is required.Hard Rock ( Blast ing Prohibited ) - Hardrock requiring blasting as described under( e ) but where blasting is prohibited for anyreason and excavation has to be carriedout by chiselling, wedging or any otheragreed method.

NOTE- A broad classification of soil and rock for darth-work suitable for conditions generally occurring in practicehas been provided where necessary, further sub-classificationmay be done to suit individual cases depending on the pro-perties of the substrata.4. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OFVARIOUS TYPES OF EXCAVATION4.1 The measurement of earthwork shall be donein cubic metres, unless otherwise mentioned. Themeasurements to be taken shall be those of theauthorized dimensions from which soil has beentake11 out and shall be measured without allowancefor increase in bulk.4.2 E x c a va t i o n i n E a r t h w o r k I n c lu d i n g R o ckc u t t i n g - The measurement of excavation inearthwork including rock cutting shall be made asfollows:

17

a) Where the excavation is in trenches or fromborrow pits in fairly uniform ground, themeasurements of cutting in trenches orborrow pits shall be made. Dead men ortell-tales may be left at suitable intervalsto determine the average depth of exca-vation.


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SP : 27 - 1987b)

4

Where the ground is not uniform levels shallbe taken before the start, after site clearanceand after the completion of the work andthe quantity of excavation in cutting com-puted from these levels.Where soft/disintegrated rock and hardrock are mixed the measurement for thetotal quantity shall be made by method(aj and/or (b) given above. The hardrock excavated shall be stacked and mea-sured in stack. Ihe quantity of the hardrock excavated shall be arrived at by apply-ing pre-accepted deductions ( stated as apercentage ) for voids. From the totalquantity of the mixture the quantity ofhard rock excavated thus arrived at shallbe deducted to work out the quantity of thesoft, disintegrated rock excavated.

4

4

Where hard/dense soil, soft!disintegratedrock and hard rock are mixed, the measure-ment for the total quantity shall be made bymethods (a) and/or (b) given above. Ifpossible after the removal of the hard/densesoil the levels of the exposed rock surfaceshall be taken and the quantity of thehard/dense soil removed, worked out fromthe difference between the original levelsand the new levels. If this is not possible theexcavation shall be completed leaving tell-tales and from the cross-section of these tell-tales, the area of the hard/dense soil exca-vated shall be worked out and then thevolume of the hard,dense soil excavatedarrived at. Quantity of hard/dense soilshall then be deducted from the totalquantities of excavation done. The balanceshall then be treated as total quantity ofhard rock and soft/disintegrated rock. Thequantities of hard rock and soft/disintegra-ted rock shall then be separated as in (c)above by stacking the hard rock separately.

Where soft/loose soil, hprd/dense soil, soft,disintegrated rock and hard rock are mixed,the measurements of the entire quantity shallbe made by methods (a) and/or (b) givenabove. The sepaiate quantities of soft/loosesoil and hard/dense soil shall be worked outfrom the cross-section based on dead menor tell-tales as mentioned in (d) in case ofhard:dense soil. The total quantity of soft/loose and hard/dense soil shall then bededucted from the total excavation to arriveat the total quantity of rock excavated. Thequantities of soft/disintegrated rock andhard rock excavated be worked out separa-tely as in case of (c) above.

4.2.1 Wherever it is not possible or convenientto take measurements from borrow pits or cutting,excavation shall be worked out from filling( see 4.3 ).4.2.2 Dressing or trimming sides of excavationsand levelling or grading and ramming of bottoms

shall be described with the item of excavationexcept in the case of rough excavation ( see 4.5 ).4.2.3 All excavation shall be measured insuccessive stages of 1.5 m stating the commencinglevel. This shall not apply to cases where no liftis involved as in hillside cutting.4.2.4 All excavation shall generally be describ-ed as excavate and get out. Getting out shallinclude throwing the excavated earth at least onemetre or l/3 depth ( see Note ) of excavationwhichever is more clear of the edge of excavation.The subsequent disposal of the surplus excavatedmaterial shall either be stated as a separate item orincluded with the item of excavation stating thelead.

NOTE - In special cases where the disposal area is limi-ted or where the application of this requirement ifimpracticable person in-charge may adopt a berm ofreduced width in any case not less than one metre providedthe material being excavated is sufficiently stable andshoring is designed to carry the additional loads.4.2.5 In case of the following works, authorizedquantities ( calculated on the basis of authorizedworking space ) or those actually excavated, which-ever are less, shall be measured:

4b)4

44f)

In work which requires form work;In work which will be covered externallywith a damp proof covering;In work which will be covered externallywith protective masonry work of brick,stone, precast concrete, etc;Trenches which are to receive post tensionedconcrete ground beams;Special works like guniting, etc; andIn work which requires workmen to operatefrom the outside.

4.2.5.1 Authorized working space shall bespecified in each case (Relevant Indian Standards,if any, may be consulted for guidance ). Whereauthorized working space is not SO specified thefollowing shall apply:60 cm measured from the face of structure( including protective measures, if any ) atlowest level, where extra working space is requir-ed. In addition, for item (d) the extra lengthat each end shall be 1.5 m.

4.2.6 Battering and benching shall be specifiedand measured along with main item of excavation,4.3 Filling

4.3.1 The actual measurement CC the fill shallbe calculated by taking levels of the originalground before start of the work after site clea-rance and after compaction of the fill at suitableintervals and the quantity of fill compuied fromthese levels,

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4.3.2 The deductions shall be made from actualmeasurements in all cases of fills except for floorsas in 4.12 to arrive at net measurement of fillingbased on pi-e-accepted or specified deduction( state.1 as percentage ) for voids.4.3.3 If the fillings isobtained from the borrowpits it sha!l be measured from the borrow pits as

excavation ( se* 4.2 ).4.4 S ur f a c e Dr e ss ing - Trimming of naturalground, excavated surface and filled up area toremove vegetal ion and/or small inequalities notexceeding 15 cm deep shall be described as surfacedressing and measured in square metres.4.5 R o u g h E x c a va t i o n - Excavation not requir-ing dressing of sides and bottom and reduction toexact levels, such as winning earth from borrowpits, hillside cutting, etc, shall be described asrough excavation and measured in cubic metres.4.6 S ur f a c e Exc a va t ion - Excavation exceeding1.5 m in width as well a; 10 m2 on plan but notexceeding 30 cm in depth shall be described assurface excavation and measured in squaremetres.4.7 Exc a va t ion Ove r Ar e a - Excavation exceed-ing I.5 m in width as well as 10 m3 on plan, and30 cm in depth shall be described as excavationover areas and measured in cubic metres.4.8 E x c a v a t io n i n T r e n c h e s fo r F o u n d a t i o n sa n d fo r P ipe s , C a b le s , e t c - Excavation in tren-ches for foundations and for pipes, cables, etc, notexceeding 1.5 m in width and for shafts, wells,cesspits and the like not exceeding 10 mZ on planshall be so described and measured in cubicmetres.

4.8.1 The authorized quantities ( calculated onthe basis of authorized width ) cr those excavatedwhichever are less shall be measured in case ofexcavation for pipes, cables, etc. For purpose ofcalculating the contents, crozs-sections. shall betaken at suitable intervals. The authorized widthshall be specified in each case. ( Kelevant IndianStandards, if any, may be consulted for guidance ).

4.8.2 Excavation trenches for foundation : fordepth exceedinq 1 m, an allowance of 5 cm/mdepth for each side of trench shall be added to thespecified width.4.9 P o s t H o l e s - Independent post holes ( orsimilar holes ), each not exceeding 0 5 m3, shall beenumerated and the description shall includereturn, fill and ram and removal of surplus spoil.4.10 R e t u r n , F i l l a n d R a m - Returning, fillingand ramming of excavated earth where not describ-ed with the item of excavation shall be measuredin cubic metres and shall include spreading in

SP : 27 - 1987layers not exceeding 20 cm in depth, watering,well ramming and levelling.4.11 E m b a n k m e n t s - Forming embankmentsand filling to mike up levels shall be measured incubic metres and shall include the formation ofslopes. If the material is to be deposited in layersthis shall be described stating the thickness of suchlayers. The method of consolidation shall bedescribed. The measurement shall be taken insuccessive stages of 1.5 111 stating commencinglevel.4.12 Filling under floors shall be rneasured incubic metres and shall inc.iude spreading in layersnot exceeding 20 cm in depth watering, well ram-ming and levelling.5. LEAD AND LIFT5.1 Lead - The distance for removal shall bemeasured over the shortest practicable route andnot necessarily the route actually taken. Distancesnot exceeding 250 m shall he measured in units of50 m. Distance exceeding 250 m and not exceed-ing 500 m shall be measured as a separate item.Leads beyond 500 m shall be measured in units of500 m, that is, there will be one item for leadexceeding 500 m and not exceeding 1 000 m,another item for lead exceeding 1 000 m and notexceeding 1 500 m and so on up to 5 km. Wherethe lead exceeds 5 km, it will be measured in unitsof 1 km, half kilometre antI above be reckoned asone and less than half kilometre shall be ignored.

5.1.1 The description of items shall includeloading and unloading.

5.1.2 If spoil heaps requiring re-handling havebecome consolidated due to passage of time orany other reason, it shall be so stated and suchheaps shall be rneasured separately.5.1.3 For the purpose of measurements of lead,the area excavate,1 shall be divided into suitableblocks and for each block the distance from thecentre of the block to centre of placed earth per-taining to this block shall be taken as lead.

5.2 Lif t - Lift shall be measured from groundlevel. Excavation up to 1.5 m depth below groundlevel and depositing excavated material on theground shal! be included in the item of earthworkfor valious kinds of soil. Extra lift shall be mea-sured in unit of 1.5 m or part thereof. Obviouslift shall only be measured; that is lifts inherent inthe lead due to ground slope shall not be measuredexcept for lead up to 250 m.When earth has to be carried over a banklobs-truction and dumped beyond it, the left shall bethe difference in level between the centre of gravityof the excavated earth and the top of bank/construction.

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SP : 27 - 19876. PLANKING AND STRUTTING6.1 The planking and strutting required to upholdthe face of excavated earth, etc, shall be measuredin square metres of face supported, and grouped;separately in stages of 1.5 m.

6.1.1 The description shall include use andwaste of all necessary timber work, includingwales, struts and open or close poling boards, theirfixing and subsequent removal.6.1.2 Planking and strutting to the followingshall be measured separately:

a) Trenches;b) Areas ( the description shall include use andwaste of raking shores ); andc) Shafts, wells, cesspits, manholes and thelike.

6.1.3 Where tightly driven close butt jointedsheeting is necessary as in the case of running sand,the item shall be measured separately and thepacking of cavities behind sheeting with suitablematerial shall be included in description of theitem.

6.1.4 Planking and strutting required to be leftpermanently in position shall be measured separa-tely.7. REM OVING TREES AND HEDGES7.1 Clearing of shrubs, brushwood, small treesnot exceeding 30 cm girth shall be measured insquare metres, and shall deem to include removaland disposal.7.2 Cutting down hedges and removal of fencesshall be fully described and measured in runningmetres and shall deem to include removal anddisposal.7.3 Cutting down trees of 30 cm girth and overup to 100 cm girth shall be enumerated as oneitem. The cutting down of trees exceeding 100 cmgirth shall be enumerated stating the girth. Thegirth shall be measured at one metre above groundlevel. The item shall include lopping of branchesand removal and disposal.7.4 Digging out of roots including stacking shallbe measured separately and enumerated.

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SECTION 4 FOUNDATIONSSUB-SECTION 4A PILE FOUNDATIONSUB-SECTION 4B WELL FOUNDATION


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SP : 27 - 1987SUB-SECTION 4A

PILE FOUNDATION[ IS : 1200 ( Par t 23 ) ]

1. SCOPE1.1 This sub-section covers the method of measure-ment of piling.2. GENERAL RULES2.1 Description of It ems - The description ofeach item shall, unless otherwise stated, be held toinclude where necessary, conveyance and delivery,handling, unloading, storing, fabrication, hoisting,all labour for finishing to required shape and size,setting, fitting and fixing in position, straight cutt-ing and waste, return of packings, etc.2.2 Measurements - All work shall be measurednet in decimal system as fixed in its place as givenbelow:

a) Linear dimensions shall be measured to thenearest 0.01 m,b) Areas shall be worked out to the nearest001 mz, andc) Cubic contents shall be worked to thenearest 0.01 m3.

2.3 A general description of the nature of the siteshall bkstated.2.4 The availablethrough which thestated or referencegiven.

information as to, the stratapiles are to be driven shall beshowing records of bores be

2.5 If piles are to_ _ be provided from any level__.other than ground level, it shall be stated. If thepiling frame is to be lowered or raised, the exactheight and nature of the working shall be describ-ed, separate items shall be provided for drivingraker/in groups/isolated,lengthened/trial piles.2.6 Items shall include any extra excavation fillingand/or ramming required at the time of construc-tion for the movement of piling frame for executingpiling work.2.7 Bringing .plant to the site and erecting it anddismantling and taking it back, shall be measuredseparately as lump sum items.

NOTE - Shifting of plant at site of work shall be inclu-ded in the item of piles.2.8 If load testing is to be done, the provision forsuch test shall be specified and measured separa-tely.3. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF PRE-CAST REI NFOR CED CONCRETE PI LES3.1 The precast reinforced concrete piles shall bedescribed according to grade of concrete, section

and length, the extra strength of the heads beingstated. Any requisite mould shall be included inthe description as also the necessary strapping,bolts and lifting holes.3.2 The cement concrete in piles shall be measuredin cubic metres, arrived at by multipIying thecross-section area of the pile by the length of thepile as cast from the head of the pile to the tip ofshoes.3.3 NO deduction shall be made for chamfers,tapered points or the volume of reinforcement orholes for lifting piles.3.4 The formwork, links and sleeves shall beincluded in the description of the item.3.5 The reinforcement shall be measured separatelyin accordance with Section 10.3.6 The shoes for each size shall be enumeratedseparately stating the approximate mass.3.7 Driving piles to a given level and redriving oflengthened piles shall be measured in runningmetres, separate measurements being made forpiles of 5 m length and less and subsequently forevery 1 m length range. The driving of piles shallbe measured from the tip of the shoes to theground level as shown in the drawings or as foundat site at the time of driving.shall be measured along the axis The raker pilesof the pile.3.8 The measurement of handling transporting andpitching of piles shall be enumerated for eachoccasion.3.9 For stripping the heads of the piles, the lengthto be stripped shall be stated and measured perlinear metre.3.10 Stripping off the head of the piles for bondlength shall be enumerated.3.11 When concrete piles are lengthened in position,after they have been lowered, the cement concretewhen used for lengthening shall be measured as aseparate item. This item should include the extralabour involved in stripping the exposed end toform connection of new with old work and anyexcavation, if required.4. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OFTIMBER PILES4.1 Timber piles shall be described and measuredin running metre stating the species of timber andsize of the pile. If over 5 m in length, the lengthextra over 5 m shall be measured in stages of one .metre.

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SP : 27 - 19874.1.1 The diameter of the pile shallbe arrived atby measuring girth at two metres below the largeend of the piles. Any tolerance on the cross-sectional dimensions of the timber in permittingabove or below those shown in drawings shall bespecified.4.1.2 Shaping and shoeing of pile shall be enu-

merated stating the approximate weight of theshoe and size of the pile.4.2 Handling, transporting and pitching of pilesshall be enumerated for each occasion.4.3 Driving timber piles shall be measured fromthe tip of the shoe to ground level as shown inthe drawings or as found at site at the time ofdriving. The method of measurement of drivingpile shall be the same as given in 3.7. This itemshall also include cutting the top of the pile anddressing it for fixing mild steel ring againstsplitting during driving.4.4 The supply and fiixing of iron rings to the pilehead before driving and also the labour involvedin cutting off the ringed portion or any portiondamaged in driving shall be included in thedescription of the item.4.5 Joints in piles shall be described and enume-rated.5. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF STEELSHEET PILES ( PERMANENT )5.1 Supply only of sheet piles shall be measuredby weight in accordance with Section 10. The des-cription of the item shall include the cross-sectionalshape, nomenclature of manufacture, specificationof material, details of fabrication such as lengthen-ing by means of welding, riveting, drilling orburning holes, joining or fixing of structural rolledsteel sections, handling and transportation to thesite and the like. Piles exceeding 12 m long shallbe described separately stating the lengths infurther stages of 3 m.5.2 All struts, anchor bolts, anchor plates, turnbuckles, waling, etc, shall be measured separatelyin accordance with Section 10.5.3 When sheet piles are to be painted prior todriving, such painting shall be measured in squaremetres obtained by multiplying the length by theperimeter of the fabricated sheet pile measuredalong the profile. Description of the item shallinclude the method of preparation of surface,number of coats, mode of painting and the like.5.4 Lifting, handling, pitching, engaging throughinterlocks or clutches of an adjacent sheet piles anddriving shall be measured separately for each typein square metres obtained by multiplying the lengthof the embedded portion of the pile in soil andhalf of the perimeter as defined in IS : 2314-1963.The length of the embedded portion shall be

24

obtained by measuring from the level of the groundwhere the tip of the sheet pile first touches beforedriving, to the ultimate level of the tip of the pilesafter driving.5.5 Wherever sheet piles are to be driven under/in water necessitating use of special hammers and/or loader frames such piles shall be described andmeasured separately.5.6 Driving corner piles and junction piles shall bemeasured in running metres representing the lengthof embedment.5.7 Cutting or burning through steel piles shall bemeasured m running metres as extra over the pile.The disposal of cut length shall be described.5.8 Extraction of piles other than described in 5.6shall be measured separately in square metresobtained by multiplying the embedded length insoil by the nominal width of piles from centre tocentre of clutches. Operations such as lifting,handling and removing from site shall be describedand included in the item.6. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF CASTIN-SITU DRIVEN CONCRETE PILES6.1 The description of the pile shall state the nomi-nal diameter, grade of concrete, reinforcing bars,length of the cage.6.2 Forming pile shafts including concrete, anddriving casings to a given level shall be measuredas one item in running metres.6.3 Reinforcement including bars to be left in thepile cap for embedding shall be measured separa-tely in accordance with Section 10.6.4 The length of the cast in-situ piles shall bemeasured from the toe of the pile to the pile cutoff level. The description of the pile shall state thediameter and type of casing, the grade of concrete,details of reinforcement of the core, and whetherthe casing is to be withdrawn or left in.6.5 The provision of pile shoes and the forming ofenlarged bases shall be included in the item.6.6 Empty boring shall be measured separately inrunning metres and the length shall be from work-ing ground level to the cut off level of the pile. Thetype of the filling shall be stated.7. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF CASTIN-SITU BORED REINFORCED CONCRETEPILES7.1 Empty boring shall be measured separately inrunning metres and the length shall be from workinglevel to the cut off level of the pile. The type offilling shall be stated. Concrete shall be measuredseparately in cubic metres from founding level tocut off level of the pile.


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7.2 The boring throug,h boulders and rock strataexcept in respect of isolated boulders not exceedingthe diameter of the pile shaft shall be measuredextra over.7.3 Rcinforcemcnt in ;:i!e including bars to be leftin the pile cap f,r embedment shall be measuredseparately.7.4 The description of the pile shall state the nomi-nal diameter, grn:!e of concrete, size of aggregate,the reinf,r:ing bars, the length of cage, the provi-sion of liners, if any.7.5 Permanent mild steel liners if provided shallbe measured separately in weight in accordancewith Section 10.7.6 In case of under-reamed or bulb-based piles,the bulbs shall be measured and enumerated. Thedescription of piles shall state the diameter of thebulb.8. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF REIN-FORCED CEMENT CONCRETE SHEET

PILES8.1 The reinforced cement concrete sheet piles shallbe measured in cubic metres arrived at by multiply-ing the cross-section area of the pile by the lengthof the pile as cast from the head of the pile to thetip of the shoes.8.2 The description of the item shall include thecross-sectional shape, grade of concrete, extrastrength of the head. Any requisite mould shallbe included in the description as also necessarystrapping, bolts and lifting holes.8.3 Lifting, handling, pitching engaging throughadjacent piles and driving shall be measured sepa-rately for each type in square metres obtained bymrtltip!yin,g the length of the embedded portion ofthe pile and half the paratneter of the section. Ihelength of the embedded portion shall be obtainedby measuring from the level of the ground wherethe tip of the pile first touches before driving to theultimate level of the tip of the piles after driving.8.4 Wherever sheet piles are to be driven under/inwater necessitating use of special hammers and/orloader frames such piles shall be described bymeasuring separately.8.5 Driving corner piles and junction piles shall bemeasured separately.8.6 Cutting piles shall be measured in runningmetres as extra over. The disposal of cut lengthshall be described.8.7 lhe extraction of piles other than due to de-fective driving shall be measured separately insquare metres as mentioned in 8.3.9. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OFTIMBER SHEET PILES9.1 The timber sheet piles shall be described andmeasured in running metres stating the species oftimber and cross-section.

SP : 27 - 19879.2 Handling, transporting and pitching of pilesshall be innumerated fn each occasion.9.3 Driving timber sheet piles shall be measured insquare metres obtained by multiplying the lengthof the embedded portion of the pile in soil and halfthe parameter of the construction.9.4 Whenever sheet piles are to be driven under/inwater necessitating use of special hammers and/orloader frames such piles shall be described andmeasured separately.9.5 The corner and junction piles shall be measuredseparately.9.6 Cutting pile shall be measured in runningme&es as extra over.shall be described. The disposal of cut length9.7 The extraction of piles other than due todefective driving shall be measured separately asin 9.3.10. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT OF

BORED PRECAST CONCRETE PILES10.1 The precast reinforced concrete piles shall bedescribed according to grade of concrete, sectionand length, the extra strength of the heads beingstated. Any requisite mould shall be included inthe description as also the necessary strapping, boltsand lifting holes.10.2 The cement concrete shall be measuredseparately in cubic rnetres arrived at multiplyingthe cross-sectional area of the pile by the length ofpile as cast fi.om head of the pile to the tip. Nodeduction shall be made for chamfers, taperedpoints or the volume of reinforcement on holes forlifting piles.10.3 The formlvork, links and sleeves should beincluded in description of the item.10.4 The reinforcement shall be measured separately10.5 Placing pile shaft shall be measured in runningmetres from founding level to working level of thepile.10.6 Empty boring shall be measured separately inrunning metres and the length shall be from work-ing ground level to the cut off level of the pile.Th,e boring through boulders and rock strataexcept in respect of isolated boulders not exceedingdiameter of the pile shaft shall be made measuredas extra over.10.7 The measurement of handling, transportingand pitching of piles shall be enumerated for eachoccasion.10.8 For strapping the heads of the pile, the lengthto be stripped shall be stat.ed and measured inrunning metres.18.9 Stripping off the heads of the pile for bondlength shall be enumerated.10.10 Grouting shall be measured in cubic metredescribing fully type and method.

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SP : 27 w 1987SUB-SECTION 48

WELL FOUNDATION[ IS : 1200 ( P ar t 24 ) ]

1. SCOPE 4. STEINlNG AND CURB1.1 This sub-section covers the method of measure-ment of well foundations.2. GENERAL

4.1 Concrete/brick work/stone masonry in thesteining and concrete in top plug and curb shallbe described and measured in cubic metres. Theformwork shall be included in the item.2.1 Descr ip t ion of I tem s - The description ofeach item shall, unless otherwise stated, be heldto include where necessary, conveyance and deli-very, handling, loading, unloading, storing, fabri-cation, hoisting, all Ianour for finishing to requiredshape and size, setting, fitting and fixing in position,straight cutting and waste.2.2 M e a s u r e m e n t s - All work shall be measurednet in decimal system as fixed in its place as givenbelow:

4.2 Concrete in the bottom plug including sump,if any, shall be measured on the basis of cementbags consumed.4.3 The filling in the well shall be measured incubic metres stating the type of filling.4.4 Measurement for the reinforcement includingmild steel bars, steel links, binders and steel platesshall be made separately as specified in accordancewith Section 10.

a) Linear dimensions shall be measured to thenearest 0 01 m,b) Areas shall be worked out to the nearest0.01 m2, and

4.5 Measurement for the steel cutting edge andsteel armouring ( if done ) shall be made separately,as specified in accordance with Section 10.4.6 Cutting off the extra height of steining whererequired shall be measured in cubic metres.

c) Cubic contents shall be worked to thenearest 0.01 m3. 5. PNEUMATIC SINKING2.3 Removal of obstructions other than thoserequiring use of one-tonne-chisel for 24 hours duringsinking operations shall be measured separately onthe basis of quantum meruit.3. WELL SINKING3.1 The item of well sinking shall include use ofkentiledge to the extent required for sinking andcorrecting the well in position.3.2 The provision of island, if required, shall bemeasured separately.

5.1 Work executed under different working pressurerange shall be measured separately.5.2 Pneumatic sinking shall be measured in run-ning metres stating the size and shape. The depthof sinking shall be measured from the level atwhich air is introduced to the level at which air isstopped.5.3 The following shall be measured separately:

4b)3.3 The sinking shall be measured in runningmetres stating the shape and size. For this purpose,the measurement shall be taken from the level at

which the cutting edge is pitched to the level atwhich it rests finally.

Bringing of and removing the pneumaticsinking plant from the site;Use of this plant when fitted on well/whennot fitted on well ( to be measured separa-tely );

NOTE - The level of cutting edge shall be plane joiningthe lower most portion of the we l l cu r$ which cuts into thesoil during sinking or acts as a penetration face.

444Fixing and removing of adopter and airlock;Corbel slab; andKeeping the well under pressure duringplugging, guniting, repairing, inspection,testing but excluding sinking.

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SECTION 5 CONCRETE WORKS


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SP : 27 - I987CONCRETE WORKS

[ IS : 1200 ( Pa r t 2 ) ]

1 This section covers the method of measurementconcrete works in building and civil engineering

GENERAL RULESDe sc r ip t ion o f I t e m s - The description ofitem shall, unless otherwise stated, be held tonecessary, conveyance and delivery,, storing, fabrication, lowering,all labour for finishing to required shapesetting, fitting and fixing in position,cutting and waste, disposal of packing,Dim e ns ions - Unless otherwise stated all

be measured net in decimal system asin its place as given in 2.2.1 to 2.2.3. Anydone extra over the specified dimensionsbe ignored.2.2.1 Dimensions shall be measured to nearestm except for the thickness of slab which shallmeasured to nearest 0.005 m.2.2.2 Areas shall be worked out to nearest2.2.3 Cubic contents shall be worked out to0.01 m3.LIME CONCRETE AND MUD CONCRETE

Works of lime concrete and mud concretebe fully described and measured in cubic

CEMENT CONCRETE WORKS

4.1.1 Concrete works shall be measured underfollowing categories. Works in plain/reinfor-ed concrete shall each be measuredWorks in precast and cast in-situ con-a) Bridges;b) Dams and spillways;

Barrages and weirs;Canal works;Tunnels and shafts;Harbour, docks and marine works;Special structures, such as power house,overhead water reservoir, chimneys andshafts, towers, silos and similar other struc-tures;Buildings; and

j) CaX&;; structures not covered by (a) to (h).4.1.2 Units of Measurement - Unless otherwise

stated all concrete work shall be measured in cubicmetres.4.1.3 Formwork - Unless otherwise stated form-work shall be measured separately in accordancewith Section 8.4.1.4 Finishes - Fair finishing of exposed sur-faces, of concrete including backing or rougheningsurfaces of concrete shall be included in the des-cription. Special finishes other than those obtainedthrough formwork shall be so described andmeasured separately in square metres.4.1.5 Reinforcement - Unless otherwise stated

reinforcement shall be measured separately inaccordance with Section 10. Where concrete andreinforcement are measured as a composite itemthey shall be fully described indicating that supplyof reinforcement is included in the item; in suchcases items identical in other respects but varyingin reinforcement shall be measured separately.4.1.6 Special Concrete - Concrete processed inspecial manner, such as cooled, heated, cellular,expansive and he& resisting shall be fully describedand measured separately.4.1.7 All plain, rebated, grooved, locking andtongued joints shall be included in the description.4.1.8 No deductions shall be made for thefollowing:

4

W44

4f)g)

Ends of dissimilar materials, for example,beams, posts, girders, rafters, purlins, trus-ses, corbels and steps up to 500 cm2 incross-section;Opening up to 01 rnz or as specified;Volume occupied by reinforcement;Volume occupied by pipes, conduits, shea-thing, etc, not exceeding 100 cm2 each incross-sectional area or as specified;Small voids, such as the shaded portions inFig. 1, when these do not exceed 40 cm2each in cross-section;Moulds, drip moulding, chamfers, splaysrounded or covered angles, beds, groovesand rebates up to 10 cm in girth; andStops, mitres, returns, rounded ends, junc-tions, dishings, etc, in connection with linearor super labours.

NOTE - In calculating area of an opening, the thicknessof any separate lintel or sill shall be included in the height.No extra labour for forming such openings or voids shallbe measured.

29


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SP : 27 - 1987

IA

l----JIGFIG. 1 SHADED PORTION SHOWINQ SMALL VOIDS

4.2 R e i n f or c e d / P l a i n C e m e n t C o n c r e t e ( C a s tIn -m4 )4.2.1 Concrete cast in-situ shall be classified asfollows:

4b)44e)f>dh).i)k)44P)9)r)s)

Foundations, footings, bases for columns;Walls ( any thickness ) includin? attachedpilasters, buttresses, plinth and strlngcourses,fillets, etc;Slabs, supported on wall/beams/columns,landings, balconies, canopies, bridge slabs;Slabs other than those specified in (c);Chhujjas including portions bearing on thewall;Lintels, shelves, beams and bressumers;Columns, piers, abutments, pillars, postsand struts;Staircase including stringer beams butexcluding landings;Balustrades, newels and railing;Spiral staircases ( including landing );Arches;Domes, vaults;Shell roof, arch rib and folded plates;Chimneys and shafts;Canal lining;Ballast walls, retaining walls, return walls;

t) Concrete filling to precast components;u) Kerbs, steps and the like;v) String or lacing courses, parapets, copings,bed block, anchor blocks, plain, window sillsand the like;w) Cornices and moulded window sills; andy) Louvers, fins, fascia.NOTE - All projections, etc, shall be included in themain items.

4.2.2 Concrete in Columns and Beams4.2.2.1 Columns shall be measured from topof column base to underside of first floor slab andsubsequently from top of floor slab to underside offloor slab above.4.2.2.2 In case of columns for flat slabs, flare ofcolumn shall be included with column for measure-ment.4.2.2.3 Beams shall be measured from face toface of columns and shall include haunches, if any,between columns and beams. The depth of beamsshall be measured from bottom of slab to bottomof the beam except in case of inverted beam whereit shall be measured from top of slab to top ofbeam.

4.2.3 Concrete in Chhajjus - The chhajjas shall bemeasured inclusive of bearing. When chhajjas iscombined with lintel, beam and slab, it shall bemeasured as clear portion.30


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4.2.3.1 Whenever vertical fin(s)/facia(s) andare combined, chhujjas shall be measuredbetween fin(s)/facia(s). The vertical fins andshall be measured through.4.2.4 Formin: Cnvi(y in W all

4.2.4.1 Forming of cavity shall be measured inThe description shall state th?cavity, the material, size, shape of tics andper square metre.

4.2.4.2 hieasurements of cavity shall be takena plane at centre of cavity; deduction beingfor all openings and solid portion of walls.4.2.4.3 Labour and material for closing cavi-at the jambs, sills and heads of openings shalldescribed and measured separately in running

4.2.4.4 Items shall include use of cores foruniform, and forming theweep and vent holes.

4.25 Concrete Casing to Beams and Steel Stanchions4.2.5.1 Concrete casing to steel joists or beams,stanchions, etc, shall be measured in cubic

SP : 27 - 19874.2.5.2 Volume occupied by joists shall notbe deducted except in the case of boxed stanchionsor girders, in which case boxed portion only shallbe deducted.

4.2.6 Surface Channels4.2.6.1 Concrete in channel shall be measuredin cubic metres. Volume of channel shall be

deducted from the concrete. Where shape of cross-section is round, elliptical or oval, area of sectionshall be taken as three-fourth of the width at top,multiplied by average depth at centre.4.2.6.2 Forming channels in concrete shall bemeasured in running metres and inner girth stated.4.2.6.3 Channel, finished fair or formed inspade finish to receive lining of brick, concrete orstone, etc, shall be measured separately.

4.3 R e in f o r c e d /P la in C o n c r e t e - P r e c a s t -Precast concrete works shall include use of mould,finishing face and supply of reinforcement as descri-bed. Mix and ingredients of setting mortar, provid-ing and fixing inserts, if required, for fixing at siteand finishing shall be stated. Alternatively, reinforce-ment may be measured separately. Unless other-wise stated hoisting and setting in position shall beincluded in item. The work shall be classifiedand measured as indicated in Table 1. Eachitem of work shall be fully described.

SLNo.(1)V

ii)iii)iv)

v)vi)

vii)

ix)x)

xi)xii)

iv)

TABLE 1 MEASUREME NT

CLASSIFICATION

(2)Wall panel, floor/roof slabsBeams unit and columns, trusses, etcChannel unit and purlins

REINFO RCED/PLAIN CONCRETE - PRECAST COMPO NENT

METHOD OF MEASUREMENT(3)

String or lacing courses, copings, bed plates, anchorblocks, plain window sills, shelves louvers, steps,staircases, etcKerbs, edgings, etcSolid blockworkHollow blockworkLight weight partitionsDoor/window framesWaffle unitsWater tankJallicsFencing postsFolded slab

In square metresIn running metres or numbersIn running metres or numbersIn running metres or numbers

In running metres or numbersIn cubic metres or square metresIn cubic metres or square metresIn square metres stating the thicknessIQ running metres stating the sizeIn square metres or numbersIn numbersIn square metres of opening fitted stating thi cknessIn numbers or cubic metresIn cubic metres

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SP : 27 - 19874.3.1 Plain and moulded work shall be measured expandable items shall be deemed to be includedseparately. with main item.4.3.2 Any finishing work on precast component 4.5 P r e s t r e s s e d C o n c r e t e - P r e c a s t - Pre.shall be fully described and measured separately in stressed concrete precast works shall be fullysquare metres. described.4.3.3 Fencing Posts

4.3.3.1 Concrete fencing posts, corner pOSLs,straining or terminal posts and struts shall beclassified according to size as follows:a) Those having an average sectional arra notexceeding 100 cmz,b) Those having an average sectional areaexceeding 100 cm2 but not exceeriirlg250 cm3, andc) Those of an average area over 250 cmS.4.3.3.2 The item shall include forming of cham-fered or rounded angles, and flat, splayed, roundedor mitred top% Holes for wire or nails and/atbuilding in fastenings shall also be included.

4.4 P r e s t r e s s e d C o n c r e t e - C a s t I n -S i t a r - Pres-tressed concrete work cast in-situ shall be fullydescribed.

4.5.1 Formwork or moulds for precast units andfor forming anchorage pockets shall be deemedto be included with items.4.5.2 Precast units shall be enumerated statingnumber, size, length, method of fixing and bedding.Unless otherwise stated, hoisting, transportation,assembly an!! setting in position shall be includedin item. The classification shall be as follows:

a) Prc-tensioned in the mould;b) Post-tensioned on ground after casting;c) Cast in section, assembled and post-tension-ed before erection;d) Po:t-tensioned after hoisting but capable ofself-support;e) Cast in sections for assembly in-du andpost-tensioned after erection; andf) Post-tensioned after hoisting but requiringsupport until tensioning is completed.

4.4.1 Concrete in structural members, such as 4.5.3 Cores, wires, strands and cables for post-columns, beams and slabs shall each be measured tension members shall be measured as in 4.4.5. Inseparately. case of pre-tension members, these items shall beincluded in the main item.4.4.1.1 Members cast in sections ( that is notin one continuous operation ) shall be fullydescribed.

4.4.2 Forming and grouting or sealing ducts orgrooves shall be measured in running metresfully describing size and other particulars of sleeves( or sheating ), temporary supports required information of ducts and composition of grout.

4.4.3 Forming and grouting the air-holes atends middle or sides or any other position of ductsshall be included in the description of item.4.4.4 Filling in the jacking or anchoring recessesshall be described stating finish to exposed sulfateor filling and measurrd separately in cubic mc:res.4.4.5 Supplying,cafzsng and tensioning steelwire/strands/or ( measured betwccsn

anchorages ) shall be measured in kilograrrls statingultimate strength and proof stress and size of Mireor cable. Each size shall be measured separately.No allowance shall be made. fdr extra lengths inanchorages or elsewhere. The number of standsin each cable, type of central core, and type ofsheathing, if any, on wires shall be stated. De-greasings, straightening, cutting to lengths an?assembling wires and cables, cones, wedges,anchor-plates, spacers, distance pieces and other

4.6 M i s c e l l a n e o u s I t e m s4.6.1 Expnn sion Joints - Expansions joints infloors, roofs and walls shall be described as includ-

ir,r; all formwork and labour necessary to formjoint and shall be measured in running metresstating cl~p~h and width of joint. Alternatively,thrs? may he measured in square metre stating the\vidth of the joint.4.6.1.1 M;lterial 11scd in filling and or forcovcr~n~ shnll br fully described and measuredsep:lratelv in running metres.4.6.1.2 \Vhcre sheet of copper, brass, alu-111illilllu 01 of any other material is used, it shall befully described and measured in running metres.

4.6.2 Damp-proof course in concrete shall bedescribed and measured in square metres statingthickness. Item shall include formwork and fairfinish to edges and also levelling and preparing ofljrick\\ork or stone masonry to receive damp-proofcourse. IIorizontal and vertical damp-proof coursesshall cnch be measured separately.

4.6.3 I17atl~rproojingCmrete4.6.3.1 Waterproofing material used for water-proofing of concrete shall be described stating

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SP : 27 - 1987quantity of material to be used and measuredseparately in litres or kilograms.

4.6.3.2 Surface treatment of concrete shall bemeasured in square metres stating number of coatsor dressings and proportion of waterproofingmaterial to water.4.6.4 Guniting - Guniting shall be fully described

and finished surface measured in square metres.4.6.5 PacklPressure Grouting

4.6.5.1 Grout holes - The length of grout holesdrilled either for pack grouting or pressure groutingthrough concrete shall be measured in runningmetres. Grout holes drilled through plate steelliners shall, however, be enumerated separately.4.6.5.2 Grout pipes and jittings - Grout pipesand fittings provided for grouting shall be measuredin kilograms and weight of all pipes and fittingsshall be derived either actual weighment or from

known weights and lengths.

column or steel grillages shall be measured in squaremetres and its mix stated.4.6.7 Hording Down Bolts - Grouting in of holdingdown bolts and the temporary boxings or wedgesto form holes for the same shall be enumerated.Depth and height of the hole and mix shall bestated and grouting included in description.4.6.8 Cutting in Concrete4.6.8.1 Work involving cutting, or sinking intoexisting concrete shall be classified as follows:

a) Grooves, chases and like shall be measuredin running metres stating girth; andb) Holes, mortices and openings shall bemeasured per centimetre of depth of cuttingand shall be classified as follows:

1) Up to 250 cm2 in area, and2) Exceeding 250 cm2 and up to and includ-ing 01 m2 area.

NOTE - Area shall be reckoned as the net area requiredand not necessarily the area actually cut.

4.6.5.3 Water gr~ssure testing - Measurement 4.6.8.2 Cutting opening exceeding 01 m2 infor water pressure testing shall, where necessary, area shall be measured in cubic metre and itemsbe made separately for each hole and enumerated. shall include provision for fixing and removal ofexisting support and temporary support.4.6.5.4 Measurement for grouting shall bemade on basis of the weight of cement in groutactually forced into holes. Stone dust and otheradditions, if used, shall be measured separately inloose dry state before mixing and shall be measuredby boxes of approved size and design.,

4.6.6 Grouting Stanchion Bases - Cement groutingunder plates of stanchion or precast concrete

4.6.8.3 Cutting of existing reinforced cementconcrete surfaces and exposing reinforcementwithout damaging the same shall be measured insquare metres stating depth.4.6.9 Toothing and Bmding - Where new concretewalls are bonded to existing walls an item of labourand material in cutting, toothing and bonding shall

be measured in square metres.

33


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41/127

SECTION 6 BRICKWORK


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SP : 27 - 1987BRICKWORK

[ IS : 1200 ( P ar t 3 ) ]1. SCOPE1.1 This section covers the method of measurementof brickwork in buildings and civil engineeringworks.2. GENERAL2.1 M e a s u r e m e n t - All work shall be measurednet in the decimal system, as fixed in place, asgiven below:

a) Dimensions shall be measured to the nearest0.01 m,b) Areas shall be worked out to the nearest0.01 mz, andc) Cubic contents shall be worked out to thenearest 001 m3,

2.2 D e s c r i p t i on o f I t e m - Description of eachitem shall, unless otherwise stated, be held to in-clude, where necessary, conveyance, delivery, hand-ling, unloading, storing, waste, return of packings,necessary scaffolding, tools and tackle.2.3 Was te - All measurements of cuttings shall,unless otherwise stated, be deemed to include con-sequent waste.2.4 D e d u c t i o n - Where minimum area is definedfor deduction of an opening, void or both, sucharea shall refer only to opening or void within thespace measured.3. BRICKWORK - GENERAL3.1 Bricks and mortar to be used for brickworkshall be fully described. Where it is proposed tospecify a bond other than English bond, it shall beso stated.

3.1.1 The item of general brickwork shall bedeemed to include the following:a)b)4

4e)f)d

Raking out joints for plastering or:for point-ing done as a separate process or finishingjoints flush as work proceeds;Preparing tops of existing walls and the likefor raising;Rough cutting and waste for forming gables,cores of arches, splays at eaves and thelike and all rough cutting in the body ofbrickwork, unless otherwise stated;Plumbing to angles;Forming reveals to jambs where fair cuttingon exposed faces is not involved;Leaving holes for pipes, etc;Building-in holdfasts, air bricks, Axingbricks, etc;

h) Building-in ends of beams, joists, slabs,lintels, sills, trusses, etc;j) Forming openings and flues for which nodeduction is made ( see 4.1.5 );k) Bedding wall plates, lintels, sills, roof tiles,corrugated sheets, etc, in or on walls, if notcovered in respective trade; and

m) Leaving chases of section not exceeding50 cm in girth.3.1.2 The following categories of brickwork shallbe included with general brickwork:

4b)44

Footings;Battered ( measured net ). Battered surfacesshall, however, be measured separately insquare metres as an extra-over;Eaves or beam fillings, no deduction beingmade for joists, etc;Brickwork (excluding refractory brickwork )in chimney breasts, chimney stacks, smokeor air flues ( except independent chimneyshaft as in factories for steam boilers ); andPilasters, plain copings and sills.

NOTE - In the case of receding courses of panels, recessshall not be deducted.4. MEASUREMENT4.1 Brickwork shall generally be measured in cubicmetres, unless otherwise stated.

4.1.1 Walls one brick thick and less shall eachbe measured separately in square metres statingthickness.4.1.2 Walls exceeding one brick thick but notexceeding three bricks in thickness shall bemeasured in multiples of half-brick which shall bedeemed to be inclusive of mortar joints. Wherefractions of half-brick occur clue to architectural orother reasons, measurement shall be taken asfollows:

a) Up to 14brick - actual measurement, andb) Exceeding # ,brick - full half-brick.

4.1.3 For walling which is more than three bricksin thickness actual thickness of wall shall bemeasured.4.1.4 No deductions or additions shall be madeon any account for the following:

a) Ends of dissimilar materials ( that is, joists,beams, lintels, posts, girders, rafters, purlins,trusses, corbels, steps, etc ); up to 01 ms insection;b) Opening up to O*l m2 in area ( see Note );


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SP : 27 - 19874

4e)

f)

Wall plates, bed plates, and bearing ofslabs, chhajjas and the like, where thicknessdoes not exceed 10 cm and bearing does notextend over the full thickness of wall;Cement concrete blocks as for holdfasts andholding down bolts;Iron fixtures, such as wall ties, pipes up to300 mm diameter and holdfasts for doorsand windows; andChases of section not exceeding 50 cm ingirth.

NOTE - In calculating area of an opening, any separatelintel or sills shall be included with the size of the openingbut end portions of lintel shall be excluded [ SLL4.1.4(a) ]and extra width of rebated reveals. if any, shall also beexcluded.4.1.5 Fireplaces, Chim neys, et c - Brickwork ( exclud-ing refractory brickwork ) in chimney breasts,chimney stacks, smoke or air flues not exceeding0.2 rnz in sectional area shall be measured as solid,and no extra measurement shall be made for

pargetting and coring such flues. Where fluesexceed 0.2 m2 in sectional area, deduction shallbe made for the same, and par-getting and coringflues measured in running metres, stating size offlue. Apertures for fireplaces, shall not be deductedand no extra labour

hand book of method of measurement building works

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