hale.pdf

Boeing Defense, Space & Security

PhantomWorks

BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company.

Copyright © 2012 Boeing. All rights reserved.

Boeing High Altitude Long Endurance (HALE) UAS Pat O’Neil Director, HALE Programs Boeing Phantom Works

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Boeing Defense, Space & Security

Headquartered in St. Louis, Mo., with global operations in 4 nations and 21 states

Designing, building and supporting net-enabled platforms and systems for government and commercial customers

Balanced backlog across all markets including a strong mix of development, production and support contracts

Approximately 64,000 employees

Delivering the future

Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 2

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Integrated Team, Working for Growth

BDS Businesses

Execution

Keep it sold

Follow-on business

Phantom Works

Integrated concept development

Analysis, modeling, simulation & experiments

Rapid prototyping

Mature and apply new technology

Next generation systems (pre-SDD)

Adjacencies and new markets

Boeing Research & Technology

Develop required core technology

Leap frog and disruptive technology

New Program & Business Transition

Technology Transition


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Operations in the Stratosphere

Mission Needs

Threats to communications infrastructure

and inability to rapidly reconstitute

Need to persist over areas of interest,

providing continual, long-dwell surveillance

Enabling Technologies

Hydrogen internal combustion engines

Lightweight cryogenic fuel storage

Lightweight, high efficiency solar arrays

Solid oxide fuel cell energy storage

Emerging HALE Capabilities

Repositionable pseudo-satellites operating

in the stratosphere for Persistent ISR

and Assured Communications

Phantom Eye

SolarEagle


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Boeing Condor Program Long Endurance Flight Demonstration in the Stratosphere

World Record for Internal Combustion Engine Powered UAV (67,000 ft)

World Record for Endurance (58.2 hr)

Engine ground testing validated control

schedules, optimized thermal design and

demonstrated reliability

Developed by DARPA & Boeing in the 1980’s to evaluate technologies for high altitude long endurance (HALE) flight

Demonstrated integration of critical HALE UAV technologies: – Internal Combustion Engine (ICE)

Propulsion with low BSFC

– Low Reynolds Number Aerodynamics

– All-composite structures

– Autonomous operation

– Engine-out operation and landing

Current HALE developments leveraging Condor design and development knowledge

Iron wing test fixture used to solve early integration issues


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Hydrogen Propulsion Enables Extreme Persistence

Boeing Cryogenic Hydrogen Technology and Operations

Hydrogen Is a Superior Fuel

0

10

20

30

40

50

60 Hydrogen

He

ati

ng

Va

lue

(k

BT

U/l

b)

Hydrogen Engines are Ready for Use

BMW Converted 7-Series

Ford Converted

Sedan

Launch Vehicles Space Shuttle Fuel Cell Cryogenic Test

Facilities


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The Boeing Phantom Eye • Dual hydrogen-burning Ford engines & liquid

hydrogen tanks

• 1100 to 2500 lbs Payload, 7 to 10 days Endurance

• Highly reliable avionics & subsystems design

• Highly autonomous with contingency management

• Provides affordable 24/7 operation to support

Missile Defense, ISR, or Communications needs

First Flight of the

Phantom Eye Demonstrator

in 2012

Transformational Loitering Endurance in the Stratosphere



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Benefits of Stratospheric Operations

25kft Air Vehicle

Afghanistan

Pakistan

Afghanistan

Pakistan

65kft Air Vehicles

25kft Air Vehicles

Fewer Orbits, Air Vehicles, Crews, and Simplified Operations

40hr,

25kft

AV

240hr,

65kft

AV

Sort

ies (

3yr

Ops)

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Altitude with Endurance


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Phantom Eye Communications Node

Sensing LOS Horizon > 600 Nm

Tight (2 Km) Orbit

Station Maintained

In Winds

11 Nm min Alt

Operates Above

Controlled Airspace

LOS Comms Typical

Continuous Monitoring

with Multiple

Platforms

Very Low

Operating Costs/hour


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0nm 2000nm

4000nm

6000nm 8000nm

10,000nm

10,800nm

10-Day Phantom Eye Global Reach

9

8

7

6

5

4 Global reach with multiple days on-station

Maintain continuous persistent operations anywhere on Earth with 3 Air Vehicles

Approved for Public Release Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 10

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Methods of Hydrogen Supply

The best solution may vary with deployment location

Method Feedstock Availability Technology

Status

Merchant

delivery of

LH2

N/A

CONUS,

Western

Europe,

Japan, …

Available

today

Steam

Methane

Reforming

Natural gas

Oil

producing

countries or

nearby

refinery

Available

today

JP8

Reforming

Logistic

fuels

Any airbase

Develop-

mental

Electrolysis Water Universal Near COTS

Sulfur

Filtration


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Phantom Eye Technology Maturation

*Note: Payload refers to a suite of

multiple sensors, excluding core

communications equipment of 500 lbs

• 10+ days endurance

at 65 kft (>600 lbs payload*)

• 7 days endurance at 65 kft

(2000 lbs payload*)

• 3+ weeks endurance at 25kft

(>600 lbs payload*)

• Adequate power to support

payloads

• Redundant Systems for

Reliability

LH2 Tank Inner Shell

Proof Pressure Test

• Long duration engine

testing (2006 – 2008)

• Max power & target

SFC exceeded at

65,000 ft

• Successful inner tank

proof pressure test

Phantom Eye Platform Hydrogen Propulsion System Testing


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Phantom Eye Demonstrator


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May 2011 Demonstrator vehicle ready for flight testing in 2012

Wing: 150 ft span

Length= 52.9 ft

Empty weight= 8,081 lb

Useful fuel= 1,876 lb

450 lb payload capacity

TOGW= 9,957 lb

Two 2.3L Ford H2 engines

Two 8 ft diameter LH2 fuel tanks

Redundant VMS for long endurance flight

demonstration

All composite bonded wing

Fuselage & empennage

Phantom Eye Demonstrator Objective: Prove the technical readiness of the hydrogen propulsion system for operational development


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Fuselage

Launch Cart

Subsystems

Nacelle/Propulsion System

Empennage/Tail

Wing

Fuel Tanks

TCDL

Communications

Gear

Landing Gear

Phantom Eye Demonstrator Configuration

Approved for Public Release Phantom Eye Apr 2012 | 15

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Phantom Eye Demonstrator Currently In Development and Test

Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q2 Q3 Q4

Assembly / Integration / Checkout

Iron Wing / Spin Test

Altitude Chamber

Testing

Assembly and Fab

Wing Load Test

Iron Wing

Nacelle Integration Cryo Testing

Spin Test

System Test NASA DFRC

Wing / Cryo Tests

Procurement / Internal Design / Build

2009 2010 2011 2008

All composite bonded wing

Two 8 ft diameter LH2 fuel tanks Two 2.3L Ford H2 engines, props & gearboxes


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Phantom Eye Demonstrator at NASA/DFRC


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Taxi Test – March 10, 2012


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