hacking your head : managing information overload
TRANSCRIPT
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Jo Pearce
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Non-binary (they/them), developer and science womble.
Hacking Your Head
Managing Information Overload
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
What is Information Overload?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
“Surviving the collision with tomorrow…”
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
“…there are discoverable limits to the amount of change that the human organism can absorb”“…without first determining these limits we may submit masses of [people] to demands they simply cannot tolerate.”
Alvin Toffler (Future Shock, 1970)
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Information Overload
Anxiety
Hostility
Senseless Violence
Physical Illness
Depression
Apathy
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
A soldier falls asleep “while a storm of machine gun bullets splattered around him” not due to physical tiredness, but a “sense of overpowering apathy”.
Soldiers became hypersensitive and would “hit the dirt” at the slightest stimuli, increasingly showing anxiety and anger at the slightest inconvenience.
The effects of overload in WWII
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
The overwhelming office?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
20 million words of new technical information are recorded each day.
Jackson, W. (2001). Information overload and managerial roles: A naturalistic study of engineers.
At 1000 words/minute, 8 hours/day this is six weeks of reading.
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
After reading the information for that one day you would have fallen behind by 5.5 years!
Jackson, W. (2001). Information overload and managerial roles: A naturalistic study of engineers.
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Information Fatigue Syndrome
Poor Concentration Hurry Sickness
Pervasive Hostility
Stress Depression
Lowered Immune Response
“Burn out”
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
There is always a lot to learn
Information overload is a learning problem!
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
How do we learn?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Working Memory Long Term Memory
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Working Memory
Processes Information
Active Thinking & Learning
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Long Term Memory
Enormous Capacity
Cannot engage in thinking or learning processes
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Results of learning
Knowledge Retrieval
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Schemas
Multiple Elements Single Schema
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Novice Learner Schemas
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Experienced Learner Schemas
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Understanding Our Limitations
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
The Magical Number 7 ± 2 (George A. Miller, 1956)
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
The Magical Number 7 ± 2 (George A. Miller, 1956)
Working Memory
Information In
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
The Magical Number 7 ± 2 (George A. Miller, 1956)
Overloaded Working Memory
Information In
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
The Magical (but finite) Number X?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Schema=
Novice Experienced
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
How do we work with our limitations?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Cognitive Load Theory
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Defines cognitive load as the total amount of mental effort being used in the working memory
Describes a universal set of principles for managing cognitive load that lead to efficient learning.
What is Cognitive Load Theory?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Total cognitive load is comprised of three types:
Intrinsic Load
Extraneous (Irrelevant) Load
Germane (Relevant) Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Imposed by the inherent complexity of the task being performed.
e.g.
Learning to juggle 10 balls is inherently more complex than learning to juggle 3.
Intrinsic Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Imposed by the inherent complexity of the task being performed.
Manage by breaking large tasks into smaller ones!
Intrinsic Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Epic
User Story
TaskTaskTask
User Story
TaskTaskTask
User Story
TaskTaskTask
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Imposed by distractions or tasks which are irrelevant to the goal.
Coping with a loud environment
Unfamiliarity with a development tool
Unreadable code
e.g.
Extraneous (Irrelevant) Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Try working somewhere quieter…
…or wearing headphones?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Reduce the number of tools or libraries to a minimum…
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Imposed by distractions or tasks which are irrelevant to the goal.
Manage by reducing the number of irrelevant distractions and tasks!
Extraneous (Irrelevant) Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Load imposed by tasks which are relevant to an overall goal.
Repetition and context variation give us the skills to apply knowledge in a wider variety of situations.
Germane (Relevant) Load
Helps us to connect bits of information and form more complex schemas
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Repetition = Practice
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Context Variation
Tree?
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Load imposed by tasks which are relevant to an overall goal.
e.g. If the goal is to promote better understanding of a codebase
Vary the areas of the codebase a developer works in
Pair junior developers with those more experienced to gain varied perspectives and skills
Germane (Relevant) Load
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
We constantly need to learn…
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
But there are limits on our ability to learn…
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Hacking Your Head : Managing Information Overload
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
ManageIntrinsic
Load
IncreaseRelevant
Load
+
ReduceIrrelevant
Load
+
= Efficient Learning & Increased Productivity
Cognitive Load Theory
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Jo Pearce
@jdpearce jopearce.co.uk
Non-binary (they/them), developer and science womble.
Thanks!Any questions?