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Indus Valley

Harappa

Mohenjo-Daro

Submitted By-:

Anuradha &Jatinder Singhania.


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The Harappan culture existed along the IndusRiver in what is present day Pakistan.

It was named after the city of Harappa. Harappa

and the city of Mohenjo-Daro were important

centers of the Indus valley civilization. This Indus Valley civilization flourished around

4000-1000 B.C.


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SOCIETY AND RELIGION

The large number of figurines found in the Indus ValleyCivilization suggests that the Harappan people worshipped aMother Goddess, who symbolized fertility.Some of the seals of that time also have the swastikasengraved on them.There are some others in which a figure is seated in a yoga-like posture and is surrounded by animals.


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The Indus Valley contained numerous natural

resources that were an important part of

Harappan civilization.

Resources included: Fresh water and timber.

Materials such as gold, silver, semi-precious

stones.

Marine resources.


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AncientModern


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ANCIENT

MODERN


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The cities are well known for their

impressive, organized and regular layout.

They have well laid our plumbing and

drainage system, including indoor toilets.Over one thousand other towns and villages

also existed in this region.


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This shows the high western mound made up of a massive

mud brick platform and brick houses of the Harappan

period ( 2600 to 1900 B. C.).

On top of the Harappan structures is a Buddhist period

stupa made of mud brick that dates to the first centuryA.D.


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The "great bath" is the earliest public watertank.

Two staircases lead down into the tank from thenorth and south and small sockets at the edgesof the stairs are thought to have held woodenplanks or treads.

At the foot of the stairs is a small ledge with abrick edging that extends the entire width of thepool.


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At Mohenjo-Daronarrow streets andalleyways are off ofthe major streets,leading into more

private neighborhoods. Many of the brick

houses were twostories high, with thickwalls and high ceilingsto keep the rooms cool

in the hot summermonths.

ANCIENT

MODERN


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Private wells wererebuilt over manygenerations for largehouseholds and

neighborhoods.

ANCIENT

MODERN


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A large public well and public bathing platforms were

found in the southern part of Mound AB at Harappa.

These public bathing areas may also have been used for

washing clothes as is common in many traditional cities in

Pakistan and India today.


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Silver SealClay Seals


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Gold Disc

The central ornament worn onthe forehead of the famous"priest-king" sculpture fromMohenjo-daro appears torepresent an eye bead, possibly

made of gold with steatite inlayin the center.


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ANCIENT MODERN


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These egg shaped whistles may have been used for music,

a tradition that is still present in rural areas of Pakistan

and India.


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Painted burial pottery fromHarappa-:

The two largest vessels werefound in the same burialand are described below.

The other smaller vessels werefound in an earlier burial andrepresent an older style ofpottery.

ANCIENT

MODERN


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Ledged cooking vessel with

high neck and flaring rim.

It was made by hammering a

sheet of copper and raising the

hollow base and rim separately.

This vessel contained a hoard ofcopper weapons and tools.


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This collection ofgold and agateornaments includesobjects found atboth Mohenjo-Daroand Harappa.

These ornamentswere never buriedwith the dead, butwere passed onfrom one generation

to the next. These ornaments

were hidden underthe floors in thehomes of wealthy

merchants oroldsmiths.

ANCIENT

MODERN


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Necklace from Mohenjo-Daromade from gold, agate,jasper, steatite and greenstone.

The gold beads are hollow

and the pendant agate andjasper beads are attachedwith thick gold wire.

Steatite beads with gold capsserve to separate each of thependant beads.


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http://www.harappa.com/har/har0.html

http://www.harappa.com/har/indus-

saraswati-geography.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilization

http://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/c

olapse.htm

Google.com
http://www.harappa.com/har/har0.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilizationhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://www.geocities.com/look4harappan/colapse.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilizationhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/indus-saraswati-geography.htmlhttp://www.harappa.com/har/har0.html


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