gujarat technological university -...

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

PHYSICS (Modified on 4th

Feb 2014)

SUBJECT CODE: 2110011

B.E. 1st YEAR

Type of course: Engineering Science

Prerequisite: Engineering physics majors are expected to have a basic understanding of calculus,

physics and chemistry or computer science

Rationale: The Engineering Physics program is to prepare students for careers in engineering

where physics principles can be applied to the advancement of technology. This education at the

intersection of engineering and physics will enable students to seek employment in engineering

upon graduation while, at the same time, provide a firm foundation for the pursuit of graduate

studies in engineering.

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

Teaching Scheme Credits Examination Marks Total

Marks L T P C Theory Marks Practical Marks

ESE

(E)

PA

(M)

ESE

Viva (V)

PA

(I)

3 0 2 5 70 30* 30# 20 150 L- Lectures; T- Tutorial/Teacher Guided Student Activity; P- Practical; C- Credit; ESE- End Semester Examination;

PA- Progressive Assessment

Content:

Sr No Topic Teaching

Hrs.

Module

Weightage

1

DIELECTRICS:

Definitions : Electric field intensity, Electric flux,

Dielectric parameters

Types of Dielectric materials : Solid, Liquid and Gaseous

Classification of electrical insulating materials

Claussius-Mosotti equation

Uses of Dielectric Materials; Capacitors: Single and

multilayer, Polymeric Film, Electrolytic; Power and

Distribution transformers, other applications

5 15%

2

MAGNETIC MATERIALS:

Definitions : Magnetic moment, Magnetic dipole, Magnetic

Filed strength, Magnetic flux density, Intensity of

magnetization, Magnetic dipole moment, Magnetic Field

intensity, Magnetic permeability, magnetic susceptibility,

Bohr magnetron

Classification of Magnetic Materials on the basis of

magnetic moment

Soft and Hard Magnetic Materials

Anti-ferromagnetic materials

Ferrites

5 15%

Magnetic Recording and Readout Storage of magnetic

data

3

ACOUSTIC AND ULTRASONIC:

Introduction, Classification and Characteristics of sound

Sabine’s formula for reverberation (Without Derivations)

Introduction of Absorption co-efficient

Sound absorbing materials

Factors affecting the acoustics of building and their

remedies

Sound Insulation

Noise Pollutions

Noise Control in machines

Properties of ultrasound

Generation of ultrasound by (1) piezoelectric method and

(2) magnetostriction method

Methods for Ultrasound Velocity measurement

Applications of ultrasound: Industry, Medicine

NDT through Ultrasonic

5 15%

4

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY:

Superconductivity

General Properties of superconductors

Types of Superconductors

High Temperature superconductors

Applications: Magnets, Josephson effect, SQUID, Maglev,

other

4 10%

5

NON LINEAR OPTICS:

LASER

Introduction

Characteristics of laser radiation

Spontaneous and stimulated emission

Working of LASER with basic idea about Population

Inversion, Pumping mechanism, Optical Resonators

Nd:YAG LASER

Applications of LASER: Medical, Industrial,

Communication and other

FIBER OPTICS

Introduction of Optical Fiber

Advantages of Optical Fiber

Total Internal Reflection

Numerical Aperture and Acceptance angle

Modes of Propagation

Types of Optical Fiber

Applications of optical fiber

7 15%

6

NANOPHYSICS:

Nanoscale

Surface to volume ratio

Surface effects on Nanomaterials

5 15%

Quantum size effects

Electron confinement

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology

Unusal properties of Nanomaterials

Disadvantages of Nanomaterials

Synthesis of Nanomaterials

Carbon Nanotubes: Introduction, Structure, Synthesis,

Properties and applications

Applications of Nanomaterials

7

ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS:

SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS

Introduction, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

METALLIC GLASSES

Introduction, Synthesis, Properties and Applications

BIO MATERIALS

Introduction, Properties and Applications

ENERGY MATERIALS

Solar cells

Fuel cells (H2O2, Lithium cell)

Ultra capacitors

5 15%

Reference Books:

1. Engineering Physics by V Rajendran, Tata McGraw Hill Education

2. Engineering Physics John Wiley Publication

3. Engineering Physics by Naidu, Pearson Education India

4. Non-Conventional Energy Resources”, Mechanical Engineering Series, Khan B. H., Tata

McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New Delhi, 2006

5. Engineering Physics by H Aruldhas, PHI India

6. Engineering Physics by B K Pandey , S. Chaturvedi, Cengage Learning

7. Resnick, Halliday and Krane, Physics part I and II, 5th Edition John Wiely (2002)

8. Physics for scientists and engineers with modern physics by Jewett &Serwey, Cengage

publications

9. The Feynman Lectures on Physics Vol 2, Pearson Education India

Course Outcome:

1. The student will demonstrate the ability to think in core concept of their engineering

application by studying various topics involved in branch specific applications. 2. The student will demonstrate the ability to use appropriate mathematical techniques and

concepts to obtain quantitative solutions to problems in physics.

3. In courses involving laboratory, the student will demonstrate the ability to collect and

analyze data and to prepare coherent reports of his or her findings.

4. In a design module project, the student will demonstrate the ability to perform a literature

search, to make use of appropriate computational or laboratory skills, and to make an

effective written or oral presentation of the results of the project.

List of Experiments:

Important Note

Total 18 experiments are listed in the design module.

Key goals of these experiments are :

(1) To enhance the understanding of student towards the errors present in the real time measurement and

the ways to take care of them.

(2) To create visualization of various phenomena covered in the syllabus.

(3) To induce the skill of student in handling different measuring instruments.

Subject teacher is advised to setup any 8 experiments from the following list.

In the session student should perform minimum 4 set of experiments and complete one small project

based on engineering applications. This project along with any performed experiment should be

EVALUATED BY EXTERNAL EXAMINER.

1. To understand some basic aspects of error analysis and graph drawing. 2. To measure the dielectric constant of a material 3. To measure the Hysteresis loss in a Ferromagnetic material. 4. To study the Hall-Effect. 5. To determine Young's Modulus of Elasticity of the given samples by bending. 6. Measurement of the Distance using Ultrasonic Sensors.

7. Study of Object Detection using Ultrasonic Sensors.

8. Determination of the Velocity of Ultrasonic Waves in a non-electrolytic Liquid by Ultrasonic

Interferometer.

9. Determination of the Compressibility of a non-electrolytic Liquid by Ultrasonic

Interferometer.

10. To study the I-V Characteristic of Silicon diode.

11. To study the I-V Characteristic of Zener diode.

12. To study the I-V Characteristic of LED.

13. To determine the efficiency of given solar cell.

14. To study basic wind power set up.

15. To measure the Resistivity & Band gap of Germanium Crystal (N-type) by Four Probe Method.

16. To measure the numerical aperture of optical fiber.

17. To Study of propagation & bending loss in optical fiber.

18. To determine the frequency of given laser source.

Open ended Projects in Science and technology study :-

Aims:

1. To provide experience in laboratory based experimentation, data recording and analysis and drawing of

conclusions.

2. To develop report writing skills for scientific material

3. To develop the ability to undertake investigations where, as part of the exercise, the goals

and methods have to be defined by the investigator.

4. To develop skills in literature searches and reviews.

In the beginning of the academic term, faculties will have to allot their students at least one (Students

are free to select any area of science and technology)

- Open ended design based small project or

- Computer based simulation/ web based application/ analysis presentations of applied science

field which may help them in their branches especially in their UDP/IDP projects.

1. These can be done in a group containing maximum three students in each.

2. Open ended design based small project OR UDP based study will be evaluated by external

examiner with appropriate marks allotment given by GTU time to time.

3. Faculties should cultivate problem based project to enhance the basic mental and technical level of

students.

4. Evaluation should be done on approach of the student on his/her efforts (not on completion) to

study the design module of given task.

Open Ended Project fields:-

Students are free to select any area of science and technology may be based on their branches to

define projects.

Some suggested projects are listed below:

1. Design: A working electric motor.

Area: Electricity and Magnetism

Using:1 meter of bendable, insulated wire, a size "D" battery, a disk magnet, two paper clips,

sandpaper, wire strippers, masking tape.

2. Design: Computer based simulation/ small calculation with help basic programming language

based on Physics

Area: Computational physics

3. Design: A Hydraulic Jack works on the principle of Pascal’s law that states Area: Fluid

Dynamics

Using : poker and scissors ,syringes, M-seal ,inlet pipes

Major Equipments:

Sr.

No. Name Technical Specification

1 Universal training kit – electronics

2

Rectifier Kit

(Half wave, full wave, bridge)

Consisting of 0-30 V variable power supply,

Diodes (IN 4007), Module of 10k resistors,

Included Filter Circuit.

3 LDR, LED characteristic kit 0-30 V variable power supply

4

Diode - Zener Diode Characteristic

Kit

0-30 V regulated tunnable power supply,

milliammeter (0-50mA),

Microammeter (0-100μA),

Digital multimeter,

Resistances module 10K,

Facility of Silicon Diode (IN4001),

Germanium Diode (DR 25) and Zener Diode with

reverse bias voltage Max. up to 8-9 V

5 dB meter, Sound generator, speaker dB meter with the range of 0-200 dB

6

Hall effect trainer Power supply of (220 V, 50Hz),

constant current source of (30 mA, DC) variable

through port Digital Gauss Meter,

Digital multimeter

7

Semiconductor energy gap set up Four Probe experimental Set up (consisting constant

current source,

Dual range miliVoltmeter,

power supply for oven and miliammeter

Thermometer (Mercury) Temperature range up to

200-250 °C

8

Young's Modulus set up Stand, weight box (up to 1kg),

Samples (iron, Al, Cu etc),

DC adapter,

Spherometer stand with buzzer,

weight holder

9 Resistivity and Band Gap

measurement

10

solar energy trainer Fundamental of photovoltaic cell should be studied,

application and Characteristics features should be

measured by a kit

11 Plank's constant determination with

using LED

Plank's constant apparatus,

oven, LED Red, LED Yellow

12

Ultrasonic measurement kit Quartz Crystal (Frequency: 2 MHz),

Ultrasonic Transducer approx 25 cm to 1.2 m,

Clock Generator 40 kHz,

Amplifier 40 dB - 70dB

13

X ray powder pattern kit Powder patterns slides,

travelling microscope 10x,

X ray diffraction pattern

14

Fiber Optic Kit LED source 950 nm/660 nm compatible APV or

Photo diode Detector with Numerical Aperture

Measurement Facility

15 Laser Source He- Ne Laser and 1350 nm I-R Laser

16 Introductory Nano Kit

17

Hysteresis loop set up Voltage Sensor range ± 0.5 V to ± 1V,

current Sensor ±0.5 A to ±1 A,

coil 250 to400 turns (pair),

Resistance Module 10 ohm ,10 watt

18 Ruben's Tube (Sound)

19 Optical Power meter (-50 dB to 0dB) measurement range

20 CRO (20MHz)-(5MHz) dual

channel

Dual channel,0-200 V,

four probe, with power probe

21 Digital Multimeters

22 Analog Voltmeters (mV, V)

23 Analog Ammeter (micro, mA, A)

24 Wires

25 Tool Kit with tester

26 Bread Board

27 Screw Dirver Kit

28 Regulated Power Supply (0-50V)

29 Capacitors, Resistors

30 Diodes

31 LEDs, LDRs

32 Rheostat

33 Soldering kit with wire

34

Function Generator ( 5MHz) Generation of sine, Square, Saw tooth waves required,

+/- pulses frequency range up to 20 MHz,

Peak to peak voltage around 20 V

35 Multiple power supply Variable of 0-30 volt , 30V/2A, 5V/2A , 15V/1A

List of Open Source Software/learning website:

The Flying Circus of Physics 2nd

edition by Jearl Walker, Wiley India

Six Ideas that shaped physics by Thomas A Moore, McGraw Hill education

http://www.howstuffworks.com/ -- Tech stuff

How things works by Louis A Bloomfeild, Wiley Publications

Physics of Everyday Phenomena by W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing, McGraw Hill

Education

Latest journals like BBC Knowledge, How things work-everyday technology explained by

National Geographics.

http://www.sciencefairadventure.com/

*PA (M): 10 marks for Active Learning Assignments, 20 marks for other methods of PA

ACTIVE LEARNING ASSIGNMENTS: Preparation of power-point slides, which include videos,

animations, pictures, graphics for better understanding theory and practical work – The faculty will allocate

chapters/ parts of chapters to groups of students so that the entire syllabus of Physics is covered. The power-

point slides should be put up on the web-site of the College/ Institute, along with the names of the students of

the group, the name of the faculty, Department and College on the first slide. The best three works should be

sent to [email protected].

# ESE Pr (V):10 marks for Open Ended Problems, 20 marks for VIVA.

Note: Passing marks for PA (M) will be 12 out of 30.

Passing marks for ESE Pract(V) will be 15 out of 30.

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–I & II EXAMINATION (NEW) – Winter 2017

Subject Code: 2110011 Date:01/01/2018 Subject Name: Physics Time:10.30 am to 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any four out of remaining Six questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1 Objective Question (MCQ) Mark

(a) 07 1. In which materials magnetic dipoles are align anti-parallel with

unequal magnitude (a) Anti ferromagnetic. (b) Diamagnetic. (c) Paramagnetic. (d) Ferry magnetic.

2. The characteristic temperature associated with the phase transformation are

(a) Ms, Mf, As, Md (b) Ms, Mf, As, Af (c) Ms, Md, As, Af (d) Ms, Md, As, Mf

3. For water which type of polarization will be prominent? (a) Electronic polarization. (b) Ionic polarization. (c) Orientation polarization. (d) Space charge polarization.

4. The current require to destroy the superconductivity is equal to

(a) 02 HrIc π= (b) cc HI π2= (c) cc HrI π2= (d) cc HrI 24π=

5. By introducing dielectric materials between two plates of the charge capacitor, the intensity of the electric field will

(a) Increases. (b) Decreases. (c) Remains same. (d) None of the above

6. Pen drive stores the data in the form of (a) Only magnetic field (b) Only electric field. (c) Both Electric and magnetic field (d) Electromagnetic

7. For which type materials area of Hysteresis curve is zero (a) Anti-ferromagnetic materials (b) Diamagnetic materials (c) Paramagnetic materials (d) None of the above

(b) 07 1. Which of the following represents the correct formula for intensity

of sound?

(a) vaf ρπ 222 (b) vaf ρπ 222 (c) vaf ρπ 2222

(d) vaf ρπ 222

2. To reduce eddy current loss in transformer core materials will be (a) Soft magnetic material. (b) Hard magnetic material. (c) Metalloid glass. (d) Dielectric material.

3. The polarization of a solid which contains N number of particles per unit volume is equal to

(a) Pe=NαE (b) Pe=2NαE (c) Pe=Nα2E (d) Pe=Nα2E2

4. Which of the following represents the Bohr Magneton

(a) m

eπ2

(b) m

ehπ4

(c) m

eπ4

(d) m

ehπ2

5. Which event is likely to take place when a photon of energy equal to the difference in energy between two levels is incident in a system?

(a) Absorption (b) Emission (c) Absorption and emission (d) Prominently Scattering

6. In Josephson junction made by (a) superconductor sandwich between two conductors. (b) insulator sandwich between two superconductors. (c) semiconductor sandwich between two superconductors. (d) superconductor sandwich between two insulators.

7. The value of threshold intensity 10-12w/m2 is set at frequency (a) 20Hz (b) 20kHz (c) 50Hz (d) 1kHz

Q.2 (a) What are the properties of good dielectrics? 03

(b)

(c)

A parallel plate capacitor has a capacitance of 2mF. The dielectric has permittivity, vr=80. For the applied voltage of 1kV, find the energy stored in the capacitor as well as the energy stored in the polarizing the dielectric. Explain with neat diagram recording and reading of data is carried out in magnetic storage.

04

07

Q.3 (a) Calculate the intensity level of a turbine whose sound intensity is

100w/m2 when it is under operation. ( Standard intensity level is 10-12 w/m2)

03

(b)

(c)

Explain the two functional properties of SMAs. What is acceptance angle and numerical aperture? Derive the expression for them.

04

07

Q.4 (a) A nickel of 10cm length with a density of 8.1x103kg/m3 and young

modulus of 8.2x1011N/m2 is used in a Magnetostriction oscillator. Determine the fundamental frequency of the ultrasound generator.

03

(b)

(c)

What is the importance of electron confinement in nanomaterial? Define superconductivity. What are different types of superconductors? Explain them in detail.

04

07

Q.5 (a) Calculate the critical current for a wire of lead having a diameter of

1mm at 4.2K. Critical temperature for leads is 7.18K and Hc(0) = 6.5x104A/m.

03

(b)

(c)

List the important properties and applications of CNTs. What are the factors affecting the acoustics of the buildings and its remedies?

04

07

Q.6 (a) Calculate the refractive index of the core and cladding of a fibre

from the following data. The NA is 0.027 and relative refractive index is 0.015

03

(b)

(c)

Explain why metallic glasses are used for core in transformer in power lines. List various polarization mechanisms in dielectric materials. Derive an expression for atomic polarisability αe.

04

07

Q.7 (a) What is photovoltaic effect? List the different materials uses for

solar cell. 03

(b)

(c)

What is an acoustic grating? Explain the acoustic grating method to determine the velocity of ultrasound in liquids. Describe the construction and working of Nd:YAG laser with a suitable energy level diagram.

04

07

***********


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE- SEMESTER 1st / 2nd EXAMINATION (NEW SYLLABUS) – SUMMER - 2017

Subject Code: 2110011 Date:30/05/2017

Subject Name: Physics

Time: 2:30 PM to 05:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any four out of remaining Six questions.

2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.

3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1 Objective Question (MCQ) MARKS (a) 07

1. The magnetic susceptibility is equals to _____________

(a) χ = mH (b) χ = mH/B

(c) χ = m/H (d) χ = mB/H

2. The internal or Lorentz field equals to______________

(a) Ei = E + Ec (b) E = (P/ 3ε0)

(c) E = E + (P2/ 3ε0) (d) Ei = E + ( P/ 3ε0)

3. __________dB is the sound level for the threshold of pain.

(a) 0 dB (b) 120 dB

(c) 110 dB (d) 10-12 dB

4. Magnetostriction effect is obtained from ________ material.

(a) Dia (b) Pera

(c) Ferro (d) Ferri

5. The resistivity of liquid helium drops to zero at _______ K

(a) 3.8 K (b) 4.2 K

(c) 6 K (d) 0 K

6. From the following , Soft magnetic materials are used in ________

(a) transformer cores (b) dc meters

(c) microphones (d) compass needles

7. ____________is the process to synthesize Metallic Glass

(a) ball milling (b) plasma arching

(c) melt spinning technique (d) CVD

(b) 07

1. The following are the structure of CNT

(a) Chiral (b) Armchair

(c) zigzag (d) all of these

2. The dimensional formula for frequency of ultrasonic sound is

(a) M0L0T0 (b) M0L-1T0

(c) M0L0T-1 (c) M0L-1T-1

3. Curie - Weiss law is ________

(a) χ = C/ (T-ϴ) (b) χ = C/ (2T-ϴ)

(c) χ = C/ (T+ϴ) (d) none of this

4. In Nd: YAG laser ______ kind of pumping is used.

(a) optical pumping (b) direct electron excitation

(c) inelastic atom collision (d) none of these

5. The mathematical expression for existence of stimulated emission is

proposed by ___________

(a) Newton (b) Ohm

(c) Pascal (d) Einstein

6. The electronic polarization of a solid material which contains N

number of atoms are

(a) Pe = N 2 π ε0 R3 E (b) Pe = N π ε0 R

3 E

(c) Pe = N 4 π ε0 R3 E (d) Pe = N 4 π ε0 R

3

7. According to Snell's law

(a) n1/n2 = sin φ1 / sin φ2 (b) n1/n2 = sin φ2 / sin φ1

(c) n1/n2 = sin φ1 + sin φ2 (d) n1/n2 = sin2 φ1 / sin2 φ2

Q.2 (a) What do you understand by refractive index profile? Draw the

sketch of step index & graded index fibers? Also give one example

of each fiber in real world application.

03

(b)

(c)

What is superconductivity? Compare Type-1 and Type-2

superconductors. Which of these two has wider application? Why?

(i) Give difference between NDT and DT. Explain general

objectives of NDT.

(ii) In one of the quality testing lab ion slab with thickness 40 cm is

tested with the help of ultrasound echo method. If the two passing

pulses through specimen returns after 30 μs and 80 μs respectively

Find the physical distance (depth) of the defect in specimen.

04

04

03

Q.3 (a) What is isotopic effect for superconducting material?

The critical temperature for a metal with isotopic mass of 199.5 is

4.185 K. Calculate the isotopic mass if the critical temperature falls

to 4.133 K.

03

(b)

(c)

Explain briefly Polarization phenomenon and types of Polarization

with definition and equation in dielectric material.

Define bio material? Which characteristics are desirable in ideal bio

materials? List out types and application of biomaterials in medical

field.

04

07

Q.4 (a) Define absorption coefficient and its unit.

A hall has a volume of 1,20,000 m3 It has a reverberation time of

1.5 seconds. What is the average absorbing power of the surface if

the total absorbing surface area is 25,000 m2 ?

03

(b)

(c)

Explain with suitable examples applications of SMA in different

fields.

(i) What are ferromagnetic domains? Draw B-H curve for hard and

soft ferromagnetic materials and define remnant and coercive fields

on the curve.

(ii) Give difference between soft and hard magnetic material. Also

give their applications.

04

04

03

Q.5 (a) Define numerical aperture for optical fiber and give its equation.

Calculate the refractive indices of core and cladding materials of an

optical fiber if its numerical aperture is 0.22 and relative refractive

index difference is 0.012.

03

(b)

(c)

If an Ultrasonic welding machine uses frequency 10 MHz. Explain

with neat sketch diagram principle, working, merits and demerits of

traducer which will be used to generate this high frequency.

(i) Define Metallic Glasses. Give synthesis and applications of

Metallic Glasses.

(ii) List out properties and application of CNT's.

04

04

03

Q.6 (a) Magnetic field of 2 × 10 5A/m is applied to a paramagnetic material

with relative permeability of 1.01 Calculate the value of B and M

(µ0 = 4 π × 10 -7 H/m)

03

(b)

(c)

List out techniques used in Synthesis of Nanomaterial.

Briefly explain sole - gel techniques of preparing Nanomaterial and

mention its advantage.

Explain basic component of laser generation. Also give types of

laser. Give applications of laser in various fields.

04

07

Q.7

(a)

Define polar and nonpolar dielectric materials.

Calculate electronic polarisability of argon atom given εr = 1.0024

at NTP and N= 2.7 × 10 25 atoms/m3 (ε0 = 8.85 × 10 -12 F/ m)

03

(b)

(c)

Explain Josephson Junction and its application. Also explain

application of superconductor in Cryotron.

Describe the construction of fiber optical cable and compare the

advantage of fiber optic cable over metallic cable.

04

07

***********


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE SEMESTER 1st / 2nd (NEW) EXAMINATION WINTER 2016


Subject Name: PHYSICS

Time: 10:30 AM TO 1:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:




Q.1 Objective Question (MCQ) Mark (a) 07

1. The high temperature stable phase of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA)

is called

(a) Austenite (b) Martensite (c) Nitiosite (d) None of these

2. ______ exhibit super plasticity.

(a) Bio-materials (b) Metallic materials (c) Nanomaterials (d) SMA

3. We prefer ______ fiber for short distance communication.

(a) Single mode (b) Multi mode (c) Dual mode (d) None of these

4. Nd-YAG LASER emittes ______ μm wavelenghth.

(a) 1.063 (b) 1.062 (c) 1.064 (d) 1.406

5. Material used for the production of ultrasonic waves in

magnetostriction effect is

(a) Paramagnetic (b) Diamagnetic (c) Ferromagnetic (d) Can’t say

6. Magnetic susceptibility (χm) equals

(a) dipole moment per unit volume (b) torque per unit area (c)

magnetization per unit magnetic field intensity (d) none of these

7. The metallic glasses are obtained by cooling a molten material

rapidly at a rate of

(a)20x1060c/s (b)2x1060c/s (c)2x1040c/s(d) None of these

(b) 07

1. The polarization P in a solid dielectric is related to the electric field

E and the electric flux density D by the relation

(a) E=ε0D+P (b) D=E+ ε0P (c) D= ε0E+P (d) D= ε0(E+P)

2. Threshold of feeling is

(a) 100dB (b)110dB (c)130dB (d)120dB

3. Which of the following waves does not belong to the

electromagnetic spectrum

(a) X-rays (b) Microwave (c) Infrared (d) Ultrasonic wave

4. Cooper pairs are formed between electrons

(a) of same spin (b) of opposite spin (c) of same velocity (d) of

different velocity

5. Laser beam is highly coherent so it can be used in

(a) Polarization (b) Interference (c) Diffraction (d) Scattering

6. Which of the following is the transmission frequency in optical

fibre

(a) 1014(b)1013(c)1012(d)1011

7. The first commercial shape memory alloy is

(a) NiTi (b) NiCd (c) NiC (d) Cryofit

Q.2 (a) A magnetic field strength of 2x105 A/m is applied to a paramagnetic

material with a relative permeability of 1.01, calculate the values of

Intensity of magnetic field(B) and Magnetisation(M).

03

(b)

(c)

Write a short note on: Sound absorbing materials.

Explain Josephson effect and its application. 04

07

Q.3 (a) What is the resultant sound level when 70dB sound is added to a

80dB sound. 03

(b)

(c)

Draw the circuit diagram for Magnetostriction and Piezoelectric

oscillator method

Describe the construction & working of Ndyag laser.

04

07

Q.4 (a) Discuss the general objectives of Non-destructive testing. 03

(b)

(c)

Discuss the characteristics of LASER.

What do you mean by acceptance angle. Derive expression for

them.

04

07

Q.5 (a) An optical fiber core and cladding have refractive index of 1.545

and 1.495 respectively. Calculate critical angle, acceptance angle

and numerical aperture.

03

(b)

(c)

Discuss the general properties of Paramagnetic and Diamagnetic

materials.

List out the techniques used in synthesis of Nanomaterials. Discuss

any two of them in detail.

04

07

Q.6 (a) What is relative refractive index. Derive relation between numerical

aperture and relative refractive index. 03

(b)

(c)

Explain: (a) Relative intensity (b) absorption coefficient

What are Shape Memory Alloys? Explain temperature-induced and

stress-induced transformations in detail.

04

07

Q.7 (a) Define: Pumping, Life time, Metastable state 03

(b)

(c)

Explain: Meissner effect. Prove that a superconductor exhibits

perfect diamagnetism.

What is an acoustic grating. Explain the acoustic grating method of

determining the velocity of ultrasonic waves in liquids.

04

07

***********

of 2

Seat No.: ________ Enrollment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER– 1st / 2nd EXAMINATION (NEW SYLLABUS) – SUMMER 2016



Time: 02:30 PM to 5:00 PM Total Marks: 70 Instructions:




Q.1 Objective Question (MCQ) Mark (a) 07

1. The maximum operating temperature of class Y insulating materials

is _______.

a) above 1800 C b) 1550 C c) 1300 C d) 900 C

2. The unit of absorption coefficient is ___________.

a) W/m2 b) dB c) sabine d) Bel

3. ________ materials are used to make permanent magnets.

a) Diamagnetic b) Paramagnetic c) Soft magnetic d) Hard magnetic

4. The basic principle behind fibre optic communication is

____________.

a) reflection b) refraction c) total internal reflection d) diffraction

5. The grain size of nanomaterials is in the range of

a) 0.1 to 1 nm b) 1 to 10 nm c) 1 to 100 nm d) 10 to 100 nm

6. Which of the following is not true for soft magnetic materials?

They have a) low coercivity b) low retentivity c) low permeability

d) high susceptibility.

7. The life time of an atom in meta stable state is of order of _______

seconds.

a) 10-9 – 10-8 b) 10-8 – 10-6 c) 10-6 – 10-3 d) 10-3 – 10-2

(b) 07

1. Weber Fechner law is given as____________.

a) L = K / log10I b) L = Klog10I c) I = K / log10 L d) I = K log10L

2. _________ is a naturally available dielectric material.

a) air b) nitrogen c) sulphurhexafluoride d) inert gas

3. The general chemical formula for a ferrite is ____________

a) MOFe2O4 or MFe2O4 b) MOFe2O3 or MFe2O4 c) MOFe3O3 or

MFe3O4 d) MOFe2O2 or MFe2O3.

4. Unit of loudness is ________.

a) Hertz b) phon c) second d) sabine-m2

5. The relation between transition temperature Tc of a superconductor

and its isotopic mass M is given as__________.

a) Tc α M-1/2 b) Tc α M1/2 c) Tc α 2M-1/2 d) Tc α 2M1/2

6. For superconductors magnetic susceptibility χm = _______.

a) 0 b) 1 c) -1 d) ∞

of 2

7. Electrical pumping is adopted in ____________laser.

a) Nd:YAG b) CO2 c) Ruby d) Semiconductor

Q.2 (a) Calculate the polarizability and the relative permittivity in

Hydrogen gas with a density of 9.8x1026 atoms/m3. Given the

radius of the hydrogen atom as 0.50 0A.

03

(b)

(c)

Derive an expression for magnetic moment in terms of orbital

angular momentum.

Discuss in detail advantages of fibre optic cable over metallic cable.

04

07

Q.3 (a) Find the critical current for a superconducting wire of lead having a

diameter of 1mm at 4.2 K . Critical temperature of lead is 7.18 K

and Hc(0) = 6.5x104 A/m.

03

(b)

(c)

How can the depth of sea be measured using ultrasonic waves?

Compare properties of diamagnetic, paramagnetic and

ferromagnetic materials.

04

07

Q.4 (a) Briefly discuss the types of dielectric materials with examples. 03

(b)

(c)

Derive Clausius Mossitti equation.

Describe the construction and working of Nd:YAG laser with

suitable energy level diagram.

04

07

Q.5 (a) Find the frequency of the first and second modes of vibration for a

quartz crystal of piezoelectric oscillator. The velocity of

longitudinal waves in quartz crystal is 5.5x103 m/s. thickness of

quartz crystal is 0.05m.

03

(b)

(c)

Explain what quantum confinement is.

What are superconductors? Discuss Type-I and Type-II

superconductors.

04

07

Q.6 (a) An optical fibre core and its cladding have refractive indices of

1.545 and 1.495 respectively. Calculate the critical angle ϕc ,

acceptance angle ϕin(max) and numerical aperture.

03

(b)

(c)

Give some properties and applications of nanomaterials.

Discuss Piezo electric method of producing ultrasonic waves.

04

07

Q.7 (a) A hall has a volume of 12,500 m3 and reverberation time of 1.5 sec.

If 200 cushioned chairs are additionally placed in the hall what will

be the new reverberation time of the hall? The absorption of each

chair is 1 O.W.U.

03

(b)

(c)

Define the following: i) dielectric constant ii) electric flux density

iii) polarization vector iv) electric susceptibility

Explain temperature induced and stress induced transformations in

shape memory alloys in detail.

04

07

***********


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–1

st / 2

nd (NEW) EXAMINATION – WINTER 2015

Subject Code: 2110011 Date: 22/12/2015

Subject Name: Engineering Physics

Time: 10:30am to 01:00pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:




Q.1 Objective Question (MCQ)

Total

MARKS

(a) 07

1. The value of standard intensity is

(a) 0 Wm-2

(b) 10-12

Wm-2

(c) 10-2

Wm-2

(d) 1012

Wm-2

2. The frequency of Infrasonic wave is

(a) F > 20 Hz (b) f > 20KHz (c) f < 20KHz (d) f < 20 Hz

3. The SONAR is used

(a) to remove the tumors from the body (b) to measure the depth of sea

(c) to produce the ultrasonic frequency (d) none of these

4. The LASER can be produced by

(a) spontaneous emission (b) Induced absorption

(c) stimulated emission (d) Instantaneous emission

5. The conditions to be satisfied for Total Internal Reflection is

(a) n1 > n2, > c (b) n1 < n2, > c (c) n1 > n2, < c (d) n1 < n2, < c

6. Which one is not correct for LASER?

(a) Highly monochromatic light (b) highly polychromatic light

(c) highly polarized light (d) highly directional light

7. Which one is not correct for Ultrasonic waves?

(a) Type of sound wave (b) longitudinal wave

(c) transverse wave (d) mechanical wave

(b) 07

1. Fuel cell is a device that converts

(a) Chemical energy into electricity (b) solar energy into electricity

(c) sound energy into electricity (d) mechanical energy into electricity

2. Solar cells operate on the principle of

(a) Electrostriction effect (b) Magnetostriction effect

(c) Photovoltaic effect (d) Josephson effect

3. SQUID is an application of

(a) Semiconducting materials (b) Nano materials

(c) Superconducting materials (d) Bio materials

4. Superconducting materials are the type of

(a) Diamagnetic materials (b) Dielectric materials

(c) Ferromagnetic materials (d) Paramagnetic materials

5. Which one is not having permanent dipoles in absence of magnetic field?

(a) Paramagnetic material (b) Ferromagnetic material (c) Ferrimagnetic material (d) diamagnetic material

6. Dielectric materials are also termed as

(a) Conductors (b) semiconductors (c) Insulators (d) superconductors

7. The S.I. Unit of Loudness is

(a) dB (b) Bel (c) phon (d) OWU

Q.2 (a) The volume of a room is 1500 m3. The wall area of the room is 260 m

2, the floor

area is 140 m2 and the ceiling area is 140 m

2. The average sound absorption

coefficient for the wall is 0.03, for the ceiling 0.8 and for the floor 0.06. Calculate

the average absorption coefficient and the reverberation time.

03

(b) Give the differences between Step Index Fiber and Graded Index Fiber. 04

(c) What are the characteristics of LASER? Describe the principle, construction and

working of Nd-YAG Laser with suitable diagrams.

07

Q.3 (a) Compare Type-I and Type-II Superconductors. 03

(b) Define and derive necessary expressions for acceptance angle and numerical

aperture of a fiber.

04

(c) Give the properties of Ultrasonic waves. Describe basic principle, construction

and working of Piezoelectric method to produce the ultrasonic waves.

07

Q.4 (a) Derive the necessary expression for Clausius-Mossotti equation. 03

(b)

Discuss the properties of Superconducting materials. 04

(c) Explain types of Dielectric materials in detail. Mention its specific applications. 07

Q.5 (a) For mercury of mass number 202, the value is 0.50 and Tc is 4.2 K. Find the

critical temperature for the isotope of mercury of mass number 200.

03

(b) Explain the factors affecting acoustics of buildings and their remedies. 04

(c) List the important properties and applications of CNTs and explain the Chemical

Vapour Deposition method to synthesis the CNT.

07

Q.6 (a) Write a note on: Quantum Confinement in nanoparticles. 03

(b) Discuss the characteristics of Musical sound. 04

(c) Describe the general properties of Diamagnetic, Paramagnetic and Ferromagnetic

materials.

07

Q.7 (a) Define terms: (1) Dielectric constant (2) Polarization Vector P (3) Electric Flux 03

(b) Discuss Ball Milling mechanical method to synthesis nanoparticles. 04

(c) What are the types of Metallic Glasses? Describe the preparation method to

produce the metallic glasses with its applications.

07

***********


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE SEMESTER– 1st/2nd (NEW SYLLABUS) EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2015

Subject Code: 2110011 Date: 17/06/2015


Time: 10.30am-01.00pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:





(a) 07

1. The buoyant force of an object is depend on

(A)Object’s density (B)Mass of an object (C)Area of an object

(D)Submerged area of an object

2. The unit of an inductance of an inductor is _______

(A)Henry (B)Farad (C)coulomb (D)Ohm

3. Which of the following is a Scalar quantity

(A)Momentum (B) Force (C) Mass (D) Velocity

4. Ohm’s Law is not applicable to

(A)Semiconductors (B) DC Circuits (C) High Currents (D) Resistor

5. Potential difference is measured in

(A) Volts (B) Amperes (C) Joules (D) Watts

6. An inductor stores energy in

(A)Electrostatic field (B) electromagnetic field (C) core (D) magnetic field

7. Four identical resistors are first connected in parallel and then in series. The

resultant resistance of the first combination to the second will be

(A) times (B) times (C) 4 times (D) 16 times

(b) 07

1. The acceleration in a body is due to

(A) Balanced force (B) unbalanced force (C) mass (D) electrostatic force

2. If any block of material is float on liquid, what can say about block

(A)Block is heavier than liquid (B) liquid is heavier than block

(C) density of liquid is more than block (D) density of block is more than liquid

3. Step up transformer decreases

(A)Voltage (B) current (C) power (D) frequency

4. Which is not a unit of Pressure?

(A)Bar (B) Torr (C) Pascal (D) N/m

5. For an object which is on circular motion, it must have

(A)Continuously accelerated (B) Continuously slow down

(C) Continuously acted on balanced force (D) none of these

6. What is the force acting on an object of mass 10 kg moving with a uniform

velocity of 10m/s?

(A)100N (B) 10N (C) 0N (D) 1N

7. What is the SI unit of surface tension

(A)Nm (B) Nm-1 (C) Nm-2 (D) Jm-1

Q-1 (A)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

(B)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6

Choose the correct answer from following options.

The SI unit of velocity is ______________

(a)Poise (b) Pascal (c) Jule (d) none of these

2.The dimensional formula of surface tension is _____________

(a)M1L1T-1 (b) M1 L1 T-2 (c) M1L0T-2 (d) M1L-1T-1

3.Potential difference is measured in ___________

(a)Volt (b) Ampere (c) Joule (d) Watt

4.Kirchhoff’s second law is based on law of conservation of _____________

(a)Charge (b) Momentum (c) Energy (d) Mass

5.In a color code of resistor, number 3 is represented by ____________

(a) Blue (b) Orange (c) Grey (d) Violet

6.Resistance of a conductor in the form of a wire depends on its ___________

(a)Pressure (b) Length (c) Temperature (d) Material

7.An inductor stores energy in form of _____________

(a) Electrostatic field (b) Electromagnetic field (c) Core

(d) Magnetic field

Choose the correct answer from following options.

1.SI unit of torque is ___________

(a) Nm (b) Nm-1 (c) Nm-2 (d) Jm-1

2.A cube of ice is floating in water contained in a vessel. When the ice melts, the

level of water in the vessel____________

(a) rises (b) falls (c) remain unchanged

(d) falls at first and then rises to the same height as before

3.The resultant of balanced force is ____________

(a) non zero (b) equal to zero (c) not equal to zero

(d) equal to the acceleration produced in body

4.Inertia is ____________

(a) property of matter (b) type of force (c) speed of an object (d) none of these

5. The gravitational force of earth acting on a body of mass 1 kg is

____________

(a) 8.9 N (b) 9.8 N (c) 980 N (d) 1 N

6.Which pair of variables defines motion?

(a) speed and distance (b) time and momentum

(c) Change of position and passage of time

(d) speed and passage of time

07

07

OR

7. 7.The acceleration in a body is due to ___________

(a) Balanced force (b) Unbalanced force (c) Mass (d) Electrostatic force

Q.2 (a) Calculate the polarisability and relative permittivity in hydrogen gas with a density

of 9.8×1026 atom/m3. Given radius of the hydrogen atom to be 0.50Å.

03

(b) Deduce clausis-Mossotti equation. 04

(c) (1) State any four factors affecting the acoustics of the building and give at least

two remedies for each.

04

(2) Compare Hard and Soft Magnetic materials. 03

Q .3 (a) An ultrasonic source of 0.07 MHz sends down a pulse towards the seabed which

returns after 0.65 sec. The velocity of sound in water is 1700 m/s. Calculate the

depth of the sea and wavelength of pulse.

03

(b) Discuss the properties of superconductors. 04

(c) Explain the different types of fibers based on materials, mode and index profile. 07

Q .4 (a) The reverberation time is found to be 1.5 sec for an empty hall and it is found to

be 1.0 sec when a curtain cloth of 20 m2 is suspended at the centre of the hall. If

the dimension of the hall are 10×8×6 m3. Calculate the coefficient of absorption of

curtain cloth.

03

(b) Define piezoelectric effect and draw the circuit diagram of piezoelectric oscillator

and explain the production of ultrasonic waves using it.

04

(c) (1) Describe the construction and working of Nd: YAG Laser with a suitable

energy level diagram.

04

(2) List out the properties and application of Metallic glasses. 03

Q .5 (a) A refractive index of core for step index fiber is 1.52, diameter is 2.9 μm and a

fractional difference of refractive index is 0.0007. It is operated at a wavelength of

1.3 μm. Find the number of modes the fiber will support.

03

(b) Explain the producer of data recording and reading in magnetic tape. 04

(c) (1) Describe the Ball milling method to produce nano-particles. 04

(2) Compare Type-I and Type-II superconductors. 03

Q .6 (a) Discuss in detail the quantum confinement. 03

(b) With a neat sketch explain how a CNT is synthesized using chemical vapour

deposition technique.

04

(c) What is the shape memory Alloys (SMA)? Explain the temperature induced and

stress induced transformations in detail.

07

Q .7 (a) What is solar cell? Discuss a few materials that are used in solar cell design. 03

(b) Explain briefly the carbon nanotubes (CNT) and their different structure. 04

(c) (1) A paramagnetic material has a magnetic field intensity of 104 A/m. If the

susceptibility of the material at room temperature is 3.7 10-3, calculate the

magnetization and flux density of the material.

03

(2) Define the term (1) Dielectric constant (2) Magnetic susceptibility 04

(3) Pumping (4) Total internal reflection

***********


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER– 1

st / 2

nd EXAMINATION (New Syllabus) – WINTER 2014

Subject code: 2110011 Date: 02-01-2015


Time: 10:30 am - 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70

Instructions:




Q.1 (a) Attempt the following MCQs: (one mark each). 07

(1) Force is rate of change of ________. A) momentum B) work C) velocity D) mass

(2) Kirchhoff’s second law is based on the law of conservation of __________.

A) voltage B) charge C) energy D) current

(3) When capalliry placed in water, water level of capalliry rises due to ___________.

A) buoyancy C) gravitational force

B) surface tension D) none of the above

(4) Ω·m is the unit of __________.

A) resistivity B) Resistance C) conductance D) conductivity

(5) If equilateral triangle having same resistance (R) to all the sides, then the resultant

resistance between any two ends is A) 2R B) R/2 C) 3R/2 D) 2R/3

(6) The direction of buoyancy force is ___________.

A) always upward C) depends on liquid B) always downward D) none of the above

(7) The unit of inductance is __________.

A) Columb B) force C) ohm D) Henry

(b) Attempt the following MCQs: (one mark each). 07

(1) Determine the equivalent resistance for the below given circuit.

A) 1.4 Ω B) 14 Ω C) 12 Ω D) 1.2 Ω

(2) Which one of following is vector quantity? A) speed B) work C) velocity D) power

(3) According to _________ law of electromagnetic induction, the rate of change of

__________ produces induced emf in a closed circuit.

A) faraday’s; magnetic flux C) columb’s; electric flux B) faraday’s; magnetic field D) columb’s; electric field

(4) In a bar magnet, magnetic field lines __________.

A) go from N-pole to S-pole C) magnetic field lines not present B) go from S-pole to N-pole D) none of the above

(5) If force of 2 dyne is applied on surface area of 2 m2, then perpendicular pressure

acting on it is

A) 10-5

N/m2 B) 10

5 N/m

2 C) 10

4 N/m

2 D) 10

-4 N/m

2

(6) A 6.0-ohm lamp requires 0.25 ampere of current to operate. In which circuit below

would the lamp operate correctly when switch S is closed?

(7) Unit of magnetic flux density is _________. A) Wb/m

2 B) Wb/m C) Wb.m D) Wb.m

2

Q.2 (a) An optical fibre has numerical aperture of 0.2 and cladding refractive index of 1.59.

Determine the acceptance angle for the fibre in water which has refractive index 1.33. 03

(b) Explain: Quantum confinement. 04

(c) (1) Write short note on bioceramics. 03

(2) What are metallic glasses? Write applications of metallic glasses. 04

Q.3 (a) The pulse arrival times from the steel bar of 30 cm thickness during the detection of

possible defects using pulse echo method are 30 μs and 60 μs. Find out the distance of

defect in a steel bar from the entrance end of ultrasonic waves.

03

(b) What do you understand by index profile? List out the difference between step and

graded index fibre. 04

(c) (1) What do you understand by electronic and ionic polarisability? 02

(2) What are hard and soft magnetic materials? Compare them on the basis of

hysteresis curve, Give examples of each type. 05

Q.4 (a) The critical temperature TC for Hg with isotopic mass 199.5 is 4.185 K. Calculate the

critical temperature for its isotopic mass 204.5. 03

(b) Derive an expression for Claussius – Mosotti relation and explain the assumptions

involved. 04

(c) (1) Define the term nanoparticle. 01

(2) Describe the ball milling and plasma arcing method to produce nanoparticles. 06

Q.5 (a) What is the resultant sound level in bel, when a 9 bel sound is added to a 90 dB sound? 03

(b) Write the applications of Carbon nanotubes. 04

(c) (1) Discuss: Maglev effect. 03

(2) Distinguish between magnetic and optical storage devices. 02

(3) Mention the advantages of hard disk over floppy disk. 02

Q.6 (a) A silicon material is subjected to a magnetic field of strength 1000 A/m. If the magnetic

susceptibility of silicon is -0.3 × 10-5

, calculate its magnetisation. Also calculate the

magnetic flux density of the field inside the material. The permeability of free space is 4π × 10

-7 H/m.

03

(b) (1) What is Meissner effect? 01

(2) Prove that superconducting materials are perfect diamagnetic materials. 03

(c) Answer the below given questions using Nd-YAG laser.

(1) Draw a schematic diagram of the construction of Nd-YAG laser. 01

(2) What are the active medium and active centers of the Nd-YAG laser? 01

(3) Draw the energy level digram. 01

(4) Write the working of Nd-YAG laser. 03

(5) Write applications of Nd-YAG laser. 01

Q.7 (a) Calculate the polarisability and relative permittivity in hydrogen gas with a density of 9.8

× 1026

atoms/m3. Given the radius of the hydrogen atom to be 0.50 × 10-

10 m. (ε0 = 8.85

× 10-12

)

03

(b) Describe temperature and stress induced transformations in shape memory alloys. 04

(c) Write the answers of below given questions based on the ultrasonic waves production

method using ferromagnetic material.

(1) What is the principle for ultrasonic wave production? 01

(2) Draw a figure of the oscillatory circuit. 01

(3) Write the working of the ultrasonic wave production method. 03

(4) Give merits and demerits of the method. 02

***********

1/2

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No._______


st / 2

nd • EXAMINATION – SUMMER • 2014

Subject Code: 2110011 Date: 21-06-2014


Time: 02:30 pm - 05:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:





(a) Choose the correct option from the followings: 07

1. The rate of change of momentum is _______

(a) Acceleration (b) Force (c) Velocity (d) Momentum

2. The motion of a vehicle on a horizontal road is due to______

(a) Engine of vehicle (b) driver of vehicle (c) Earth (d) friction between road and

vehicle

3. 1 V/m = _______

(a) 1 N/C (b) 1N (c) 1N/m (d) 1J/C

4. The SI unit of resistivity is_______

(a) Ω.m2 (b) Ω

2.m (c) Ω.m (d) Ω.m

3

5. According to Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, the rate of change of

______ produced induced emf in a closed circuit

(a) Magnetic flux (b) Electric field (c) Magnetic field (d) None of above

6. In a bar magnet, the magnetic field lines______

(a) are not present (b) depend upon cross section area of the magnet

(c) go from N-pole to S-pole (d) go from S-pole to N-pole

7. The interactive force between two charged particles is given by______ law.

(a) Newton’s (b) Coulomb’s (c) Biot-savart (d) Faraday’s

(b) Choose the correct option from the followings: 07

1. The unit of capacitance of capacitor is_______

(a) Henry (b) Ohm (c) Farad (d) Coulomb

2. AC ammeter measures ______ value of current

(a) Average (b) rms (c) entire (d) none of the above

3. An inductor stores energy in its______

(a) Electric field (b) Conducting wire (c) Magnetic field

(d) Magnetic field and Electric field

4. The equivalent resistance of two resistor connected in parallel with same value R is

_______

(a) R/2 (b) 2R (c) 4R (d) R/4

5. The upward force exerted by any fluid on object, placed in it, is called______

(a) Attractive force (b) Repulsive force (c) Adhesive force (d) Buoyant force

6. The principle of a hydraulic lift used to raise heavy loads is the application of

________ law.

(a) Newton (b) Archimedes (c) Poiseiulle (d) Pascal

7. If the force of 2N is applied on surface area of 2m2, the pressure acting on it is____

(a) 1 N/m2 (b) 10 N/m

2 (c) 2 N/m

2 (d) 0.5 N/m

2

2/2

Q.2 (a) 1. Deduce Clausius-Mossotti equation. What is its significance?

2. Calculate the polarizability and relative permittivity in hydrogen gas with a

density of 9.8 × 1026

atoms/m3.Given the radius of hydrogen atom to be 0.5 A.

04

03

(b) 1. Distinguish between hard and soft magnetic materials.

2. A Magnetic field strength of 2×105 A/m in applied to paramagnetic material with

relative permeability of 1.01. Calculate the values of B and M.

04

03

Q.3 (a) 1. Discuss briefly about types of sound absorbing materials.

2. A hall has a volume of 12,500 m3 and reverberation time of 1.5 sec. If 200

cushioned Chairs are additionally placed in the hall, What will be the new

Reverberation time of the hall? The absorption of each chair is 1 O.W.U.

04

03

(b) 1. Explain with neat circuit the generation of ultrasonic waves using piezo-electric

Oscillator.

2. Describe any six applications of ultrasonic waves.

04

03

Q.4 (a) 1.Write a short note on followings:

i) Isotopic effect

ii) Meissner effect

2. Calculate the critical current for a superconducting wire of lead having diameter

1mm at 4.2 K. Critical temperature for lead is 7.18 K and H0= 6.5 ×104 A/m.

04

03

(b) 1. Discuss the properties of LASER in detail.

2. Define: i) Metastable state ii) Population Inversion iii) Pumping 04

03

Q.5 (a) 1. Discuss in detail the advantages of optical fiber over conventional metallic cable.

2. A silica optical fiber has a core of relative index 1.55 and a cladding of refractive

index 1.47. Determine the critical angle, numerical aperture and the acceptance

angle for fiber.

04

03

(b) 1. Discuss in detail how the different properties of nonmaterial changes with

reduction in size.

2. Describe Electric arc method of CNT synthesis.

04

03

Q.6 (a) 1. Explain the two function properties of shape memory alloys in detail.

2. Write a short note on ultra capacitor. 04

03

(b) 1. Define : i) Electric field Intensity ii) Electric Polarization

iii) Magnetic susceptibility iv) Magnetization

2. List out the difference between single mode fiber and multi mode fiber.

04

03

Q.7 (a) 1. Discuss in detail, the procedure of data recording and reading in floppy disc.

2. Discuss in detail quantum confinement. 04

03

(b) 1. Compare between spontaneous and stimulated emission.

2. Explain the melt spinning technique to prepare metallic glasses 04

03

*************

1/3



st / 2

nd EXAMINATION (New Syllabus) – WINTER 2013

Subject Code: 2110011 Date: 26-12-2013


Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Question No. 1 is compulsory. Attempt any four out of remaining six questions.



Q.1 Objective Question

(a) Choose an appropriate option from the following. 07

1. According to Newton’s second law of motion, acceleration is proportional to force.

That means a larger force ……

(a) produce a smaller acceleration

(b) doesn’t affect acceleration

(c) produces a smaller mass

(d) produces a larger acceleration

2. The weight of the body is due to ………..

(a) gravitational pull exerted by the earth

(b) forces experienced by body in atmosphere

(c) force of attraction experienced by particles

(d) gravitational force of attraction towards the center of the earth.

3. Which of the following is a vector quantity ………..

(a) energy (b) mass (c) momentum (d) speed

4. A force is completely defined when we specify ………….

(a) magnitude (b) direction (c) point of application (d) all of the above

5. Henry is the unit of………..

(a) capacitance (b) electrical energy (c) power (d) inductance

6. Fleming’s left hand rule is used to find ………

(a) direction of magnetic field due to current carrying conductor

(b) direction of a flux in a solenoid

(c) direction of force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field

(d) polarity of a magnetic pole

7. Temporary magnets are used in ………

(a) loud speakers (b) generators (c) motors (d) all of the above

(b) Choose an appropriate option from the following. 07

1. Which of the following represents the schematic symbol of zener diode?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

2. Which physical parameter is measured by Voltmeter?

(a) Current (b) Voltage (c) Resistance (d) Potential difference

3. The unit of inductance is ………………...

(a) Ohm (b) Mho (c) Farad (d) Henry

2/3

4. Calculate the effective resistance of the following combination.

(a) 1.2Ω (b) 2.1Ω (c) 12Ω (d) 21Ω

5. Oil has a smaller density than water. Therefore, an object that will float in oil will

(a) float in water, with more of the object submerged.

(b) float in water, with the same amount of the object submerged.

(c) float in water, with less of the object submerged.

(d) not float in water.

6. An object can float provided its ______________________________ of the fluid.

(a) mass is less than the mass (b) mass is greater than the density

(c) density is less than density (d) density is less than mass.

7. Liquids transmit pressure equally in all the directions. This is according to…….

(a) Boyle’s law

(b) Archimedes principle

(c) Pascal’s law

(d) Newton’s formula

Q.2 (a) (1) What are dielectric materials? Distinguish between a dielectric material and an

insulator. What are the different types of dielectric materials? Explain them in

detail.

04

(2) Describe the possible mechanism of polarization in a dielectric material. 03

(b) (1) Describe any two uses of dielectric material in detail. 02

(2) What are Shape Memory Alloys? Give some of its applications. 02

(3) Calculate the electronic polarizability of an isolated Se atom. The atomic radius of

Se atom is 0.12 nm. (Given: ε0=8.85 × 10-12

) 03

Q.3 (a) (1) Define magnetic materials. Classify diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic

materials in detail giving their differences. 04

(2) Define and describe magnetic dipole, magnetic dipole moment and magnetic

susceptibility. 03

(b) (1) Define and distinguish between hard and soft magnetic materials. 02

(2) What are the properties of metallic glasses? Mention some important applications. 02

(3) What are ferrites? Give properties and uses of ferrites. 03

Q.4 (a) (1) Define and discuss the factors, reverberation, loudness, echelon effect and noise

that affect the acoustics in a hall and the remedies for them. 04

(2) The Volume of a room is 1500 m2. The wall area of the room is 260 m

2, the floor

area is 140 m2 and the ceiling area is 140 m

2. The average sound absorption

coefficient for the wall is 0.03 sabine, for the ceiling is 0.8 sabine and for the floor

is 0.06 sabine. Calculate the average absorption coefficient and reverberation time.

03

(b) (1) Describe any two characteristics of musical sound. 02

(2) What are biomaterials? Explain the different types of biomaterials and their

applications in the medical field. 02

(3) Explain with neat circuit diagram the generation of ultrasonic waves by

magnetostriction oscillator method. 03

7 Ω 5 Ω 2 Ω

3/3

Q.5 (a) (1) Define superconductivity. Write definitions of the three important factors to define

a superconducting state? Also, discuss few important properties of superconductors. 04

(2) The critical temperature of the Nb is 9.15 K. At zero kelvin, the critical field is

0.196 T. Calculate the critical field at 6 K. 03

(b) (1) Compare type-I and type-II superconductor. 02

(2) What is solar cell? Discuss a few materials that are used in solar cell design. 02

(3) Give applications of superconductivity mentioning josephson devices and magnetic

levitation in detail. 03

Q.6 (a) (1) Expand LASER. Describe the construction and working of Nd:YAG laser with a

suitable energy-level diagram.. 04

(2) Discuss the applications of lasers in various fields. 03

(b) (1) Give difference between step index fiber and graded index fiber. 02

(2) Briefly discuss fuel cells. 02

(3) A step index fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.26, a core of refractive index 1.5

and diameter of 100µm. Calculate

(i) the refractive index of the cladding,

(ii) the acceptance angle, and

(iii) the maximum number of modes with a wavelength of 1µm that the fiber can

carry.

03

Q.7 (a) (1) Explain with neat sketch carbon nanotubes giving its structure, properties and

applications. 04

(2) Justify and give comments on, “At macro scale, the physical and chemical

properties are not dependent on the size of the material, but at the nanoscale

everything will change including colour, melting point and chemical properties.”

03

(b) (1) Define and describe ‘surface to volume ratio’ and ‘quantum confinement effects’. 02

(2) Give the difference between metallic and non-metallic glasses. 02

(3) Give any six applications of nanomaterials. 03

*************

1/2


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER– 1st / 2nd • EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2013

Subject Code: 110011 Date: 14-06-2013 Subject Name: Engineering Physics Time: 02:30 pm – 05:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt any five questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) (l) (m) (n)

Answer the following in short. (One mark each) Define reverberation time. Give four factors which affect acoustics of building. What is SONAR? Give statement of Hall effect. Define: unit cell. What is high temperature super conductor? Name the most commonly used methods for preparing nanomaterials. Mention the names of any four NDT methods. Define photovoltaic effect. Give two conditions for TIR. State the main components of the optical fiber. What is magnetic levitation? Give full form of LASER. Give unit of thermal conductivity.

14

Q.2 (a)

Explain I-V characteristics of PN junction diode in forward and reverse bias with respective circuits and graphs.

6

(b)

Solve the following problems: (i) A silicon plate of thickness 1mm, breadth 10mm and length 10cm is placed in a magnetic field of 0.5 Wb/m2 acting perpendicular to its thickness. If 10 mA current flows along its length, calculate the Hall voltage developed if the Hall coefficient is 3.66 x 10-4 m3/C. (ii) Calculate the inter planner spacing for a (3, 1, 1) plane in a simple cubic

lattice whose atomic radius is 0.91o

A . (iii) The area of interior surface of an auditorium is 3340 m2. Its reverberation time is 1.5 second. If the average absorption coefficient of interior surface is 0.4 sabine, find the volume of an auditorium.

3 3 2

Q.3 (a) Explain in detail:

(i) Nd: YAG Laser (ii) Ultrasonic flow detector with its advantages and limitations (iii) A liquid column subjected to ultrasonic waves constitutes an acoustical

grating.

5 4 2

(b) An ultrasonic source of 1 MHz sends down a pulse towards the seabed which returns after 0.55 second. The velocity of sound in water is 1800 m/s. Calculate the depth of the sea and wavelength of the ultrasonic sound.

3

2/2

Q.4 (a) List and explain the characteristics of musical sound. 3 (b) Define the terms atomic radius and packing fraction. Calculate the packing fraction

for SC, FCC and BCC structures. 5

(c) Explain isotopic effect, critical magnetic field and Meissner effect for superconductors.

6

Q.5 (a) Discuss properties and applications of metallic glasses. 4 (b) Explain X-ray radiography and its advantages and disadvantages for NDT. 5 (c) (i) List applications of nanomaterials.

(ii) What are population inversion and optical pumping? 3 2

Q. 6 (a) Write short notes on (i) Zener diode (ii) Applications of LASER. 6 (b) Derive the expression for acceptance angle & Numerical aperture of an optical fibre. 4 (c) Discuss the important postulates of free electron theory of metals. 4 Q.7 (a) Solve the following problems:

(i) An optical fiber core and its cladding have refractive indexes of 1.545 and 1.495 respectively. Calculate the critical angle øc, acceptance angle øin(max) and Numerical aperture. (ii) Calculate the electrical conductivity of copper. Given atomic weight, density and relaxation time as 63.5, 8.9×103 Kgm-3 and 2.48×10-14sec respectively.

3 3

(b) List the differences between step index and graded index optical fiber. 4 (c) Discuss the piezoelectric method of production of ultrasonic waves with necessary

circuit diagram. 4

***************

gujarat technological university -...

Documents