gujarat technological university b e sem-vi · pdf file1 seat no.: _ enrolment no._...

1

Seat No.: _____ Enrolment No.______

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY B E Sem-VI Examination May 2011

Subject code: 160601 Subject Name: Advanced Construction Technology Date:16/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am – 01.00 pm

Total Marks: 70

Instructions: 1. Attempt all questions.

2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.

3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1 (a) Explain under which conditions would you prefer pile foundation? Which

points you will consider while selecting the type of pile?

07

(b) Explain with sketch, different parts of well foundation along with bridge pier

in the river.

07

Q.2 (a) Enlist various methods of controlling ground water during construction and

suggest their suitability for different soil conditions. Explain with sketches any

two methods.

07

(b) Compare: (i) Cast-in-situ piles and Pre-cast piles, (ii) End bearing pile and

friction pile.

07

OR

(b) What is cofferdam? Explain with sketches: (i) Rock-fill cofferdam, (ii)

Cellular cofferdam.

07

Q.3 (a) Explain with sketches construction procedure of: (i) Button-bottom pile, (ii)

Simplex pile.

07

(b) Under which circumstances pneumatic caisson is adopted? Discuss its

construction procedure with a sketch.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) Describe pile driving by Drop hammer method. State and explain dynamic

formulae for determining load carrying capacity of piles.

07

(b) What is meant by ‘Tilt’ and ‘Shift’ of a caisson? What are its causes? How

can tilted caisson brought in correct position?

07

Q.4 (a) What are the measures employed to prevent the leakage in a cofferdam? 07

(b) Discuss the design features of temporary works. Draw the sketch showing the

arrangement for centering of large span arches.

07

OR

Q.4 (a) What are monoliths? Describe their method of construction and point out their

advantages, disadvantages and uses.

07

(b) Briefly explain: (i) Slip formwork, (ii) False work for bridges.

07

Q.5 (a) What are the effects of seismic forces on buildings? What points do you

consider while planning of earthquake-resistant building?

07

(b) Discuss about the important points to be considered while construction of (i)

Tall and (ii) Spatial structures.

07

OR

Q.5 (a) What are the suggestive construction methods/measures for improvement of

(i) masonry walls, (ii) R.C.C. columns and beams of buildings against the

earth quake?

07

(b) Which points should be considered during the procedure of safe demolition of

structures?

07

*************

1

Seat No.: _________ Enrolment No._______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE SEM-VI Examination-Nov/Dec-2011

Subject code: 160601 Date: 21/11/2011

Subject Name: Advanced Construction Technology

Time: 10.30 am -1.00 pm Total marks: 70

Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions.



Q.1 (a) What is pile foundation? How pile foundations are used in different

situations? Which factors will affect the selection of type of piles?

07

(b) Describe with neat sketches the method of construction of single wall

cofferdam.

07

Q.2 (a) Define a caisson. Discuss various methods for floating of caissons? 07

(b) Describe the process of casting a precast concrete pile and draw a neat sketch

of a typical precast concrete pile.

07

OR

(b) Which factors will you consider while deciding the pile spacing? Discuss the

various causes of failures of piles.

07

Q.3 (a) Define a cofferdam. Explain the various factors that affect the selection of the

type of a cofferdam. Write uses of cofferdams.

07

(b) What is pneumatic caisson? Draw neat sketch of pneumatic caisson and

discuss the procedure for its sinking.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) What is caisson sickness or diseases? What are its causes? What are the

precautions to be taken to avoid caisson sickness?

07

(b) Explain the design features of cofferdams. How will you prevent leakage in

cofferdams?

07

Q.4 (a) Describe with neat sketch, the procedure of pumping from bored wells for

dewatering.

07

(b) Why steel formwork is preferred? Explain with neat sketches, the formwork

for R.C.C. column

07

OR

Q.4 (a) Explain the general principles for earthquake resistant buildings with neat

sketches.

07

(b) Describe in brief, the various methods of demolition. 07

Q.5 Write short notes on (Any Four ) 14

(i) Group of piles

(ii) Economics height of cofferdams.

(iii) Tilting of caissons.

(iv) Freezing process of the ground.

(v) Requirements of a good formwork.

(vi) Earthquake resistant construction.

_____________

1

Seat No.: _____ Enrolment No.______ GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BE- VIth SEMESTER–EXAMINATION – MAY- 2012

Subject code: 160601 Date: 09/05/2012 Subject Name: Advanced Construction Technology Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

Q.1 (a) State the situations in which pile foundations are preferred. 07

(b) Describe with sketch any two cast-in-situ concrete piles. 07

Q.2 (a) State advantages and disadvantages of pre-cast concrete piles. 07 (b) Write short note on Pile Spacing. 07 OR (b) Mention the loads to be taken into account while designing a pile. 07

Q.3 (a) State the factors which influence the choice of a particular type of cofferdam. Enlist common types of cofferdams.

07

(b) Describe with sketch a typical single wall cofferdam. 07 OR

Q.3 (a) What is cofferdam? Which are its uses? Enlist common types of cofferdams.

07

(b) Describe with sketch cellular cofferdam. 07

Q.4 (a) Write short note on Box caisson with sketch. 07 (b) Write short note on Pneumatic caisson with sketch. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) Write short note on well caissons. 07 (b) Write short note on tilting of caissons. 07

Q.5 (a) Describe method of Well point system for dewatering of foundation soils.

07

(b) Write short note on slip form work. 07 OR

Q.5 (a) Discuss planning (shape) of earthquake resistant building. 07 (b) State the requirements of good formwork. 07

*************

1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.______________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY B. E. - SEMESTER – VI • EXAMINATION – WINTER 2012

Subject code: 160601 Date: 02/01/2013 Subject Name: Advanced Construction Technology Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt any five questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Draw neat sketch wherever required.

Q.1 (a) Why formwork is necessary? Explain the requirements of formwork. Which are the

materials used for preparing formwork? 05

(b) What is slip formwork? Explain their operation, uses, and advantages. 05 (c) Briefly explain the process of electro-osmosis for dewatering the foundation

trenches. 04

Q.2 (a) Briefly explain the methods of demolition. 07 (b) Explain the effects of size, geometry, horizontal layout and vertical layout of

building for its performance during an earthquake. 07

OR (b) How do you reduce earthquake effect in important buildings? 07

Q.3 (a) Explain briefly the meaning of the term pile foundation. Enumerate the situation demanding the use of pile foundations.

07

(b) Describe the method of pile load tests for the determination of its bearing capacity. 07 OR

Q.3 (a) Write short notes on the following: (i) Franki piles (ii) Pile cap and pile shoe

07

(b) Differentiate between the following: (i) Load bearing piles and non-load bearing piles (ii) Box piles and tube piles

07

Q.4 (a) Define a caisson. Point out the factors to be considered while making a choice between cofferdam and caisson.

07

(b) What is a well foundation? What are its different types? Mention the cases where each one is suitable.

07

OR Q.4 (a) What is caisson sickness? How is it caused? What are the precautions to be taken to

avoid caisson sickness? 07

Q.4 (b) What are monoliths? Describe their method of construction and point out their advantages, disadvantages and uses.

07

Q.5 (a) Define cofferdam. Explain the uses of a cofferdam. Enumerate the factor, which influence the choice of a particular type of cofferdam.

07

(b) What are the measures employed to prevent leakage in cofferdam? 07 OR

Q.5 (a) Differentiate between the following: (i) Earth dike and rock dike (ii) Cellular cofferdam with diaphragm cell and cellular cofferdam with circular cells.

07

(b) Describe the method of constructing the single wall coffer dam. 07

*************

1/1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________

GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE - SEMESTER–VI • EXAMINATION – SUMMER 2013

Subject Code: 160601 Date: 24-05-2013 Subject Name: Advanced Construction Technology Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Classify and explain with sketches various types of piles based on function. 07

(b) Enlist various methods of demolition. Explain any two method of demolition.

07

Q.2 (a) Define coffer dam. Enlist and explain factors that affect the types of coffer

dam. 07

(b) Discuss points to be considered for planning of earthquake resistant construction.

07

OR (b) Enlist and explain general principles of construction of earthquake resistant

buildings. 07

Q.3 (a) Differentiate between cased cast in situ piles and uncased cast in situ piles. 07

(b) Discuss various measures to reduce leakage through coffer dam. 07

OR Q.3 (a) Explain under reamed pile. Describe with sketches construction of under

reamed piles. 07

(b) Enlist different types of coffer dam. Describe with sketches construction of double wall type coffer dam.

07

Q.4 (a) Enlist and explain essential requirement for good formwork. 07

(b) Sketch typical well caisson. Discuss function of each element of well caisson. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) Sketch typical formwork for (i) column (ii) slab and beam floor. 07

(b) Explain tilt of caisson Discuss remedial measures to rectify tilting of caisson. 07

Q.5 (a) Enlist methods to determine load carrying capacity of pile. Explain pile load

test with sketches. 07

(b) Describe with sketches well point systems of dewatering. 07 OR

Q.5 (a) Sketch typical pneumatic caisson. Discuss function of each element of pneumatic caisson.

07

(b) Describe with sketches electro osmosis method of dewatering. 07

*************

1


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE SEM-VI Regular Examination May 2011

Subject code: 160602

Subject Name: Applied Fluid Mechanics Date:17/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am – 01.00 pm

Total Marks: 70




Q.1 (a) Oil of specific gravity 0.82 is pumped through a horizontal pipe line 15 cm

in diameter & 3 km long at the rate of 900 liters per minute. The pump has

an efficiency of 68% & requires 7.35 kw to pump the oil. Determine the

dynamic viscosity of oil & verify whether the flow is laminar?

07

(b) Explain hydro-dynamically smooth & rough pipes. 07

Q.2 (a) Derive the expressions for Displacement thickness. 07

(b) Discuss drag on a circular cylinder with all possible flow conditions with

sketch.

07

OR

(b) Discuss the phenomenon of boundary layer separation. 07

Q.3 (a) Derive the differential equation of gradually varied flow with assumptions

made in it.

07

(b) Derive the geometrical conditions for the most economical section of a

trapezoidal channel.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) Explain normal depth, critical depth, alternate depths and conjugate depths. 07

(b) A 12m wide rectangular channel carries a discharge of 30 m3/s with a bed

slope of 1:5000, the depth of flow at a section is 1.5 m. Find the type of

water surface profile.

07

Q.4 (a) Differentiate between pump and turbine. 07

(b) What is priming? Why it is necessary? 07 OR

Q.4 (a) What is draft tube? Why it is required in case of a reaction turbine? 07

(b) Differentiate between a single stage and multi stage pump. 07

Q.5 (a) What do you mean by fundamental units and derived units. 07

(b) What is meant by dimensionless number? Enlist and explain any two of

them.

07

OR

Q.5 (a) What is undistorted and distorted model. What are the advantages of using

distorted model?

07

(b) State Buckingham’s π theorem. Why it is considered superior over

Rayleigh method for dimension analysis?

07

*************

1





Subject Name: Applied Fluid Mechanics


Instructions:




Q.1 (a) Prove that the loss of pressure head for viscous flow through a pipe

given by

2

32

d

VLh f

γ

µ=

Where µ = dynamic viscosity of the fluid, V = mean velocity, L =

length of pipe, d = pipe diameter, γ = unit weight of fluid.

07

(b) Explain the following terms:

(i) Couette flow

(ii) Shear velocity

(iii) Velocity defect

(iv) Laminar sub-layer thickness

(v) Hydrodynamically Rough boundary

(vi) Celerity

(vii) Gradual closure of valve

07

Q.2 (a) Obtain the Von-Karman momentum integral equation for boundary

layer flow. 07

(b) Air is flowing over a flat plate of length 1.3 m and width 0.9 m at a

velocity of 8.4 m/s. Assuming that laminar boundary layer length exists

upto a Reynolds number 5x105, determine (i) the maximum distance

upto which laminar boundary layer flow exists and (ii) maximum

thickness of boundary layer. Take kinematic viscosity of air = 0.14

stokes. The velocity profile for the laminar boundary layer flow is

given by 2)()(2δδ

yy

V

u−=

07

OR

(b) Explain the following terms:

(i) Skin drag

(ii) Pressure drag

(iii) Streamlined body

(iv) Bluff body

(v) Magnus effect

(vi) Stagnation point

(vii) Wake formation

07

Q.3 (a) Show that for an optimal (efficient ) trapezoidal channel (i) top width is

equal to twice the length of one of the sloping sides and (ii) hydraulic

mean depth is half the depth of flow

08

(b) The discharge of water through a rectangular channel with 6 m width

and 2 m depth of flow is 18 cumecs. Calculate (i) specific energy of 06

2

flowing water (ii) critical depth (iii) critical velocity and (iv) minimum

specific energy

OR

Q.3 (a) Explain the following terms:

(i) Uniform flow

(ii) Supercritical flow

(iii) Rapidly varied flow

(iv) Gradually varied flow

08

(b) A sluice gate discharges water into a horizontal rectangular channel

with a velocity of 8 m/s with a depth of flow 0.5 m. The width of

channel is 6m. Determine whether hydraulic jump will occur and if so

find its height and loss of energy

06

Q.4 (a) Classify turbines based on direction of flow through the runner. Explain

any one in detail 08

(b) A Pelton wheel is to be designed for following specifications

(i) Power = 750 kW

(ii) Head = 200m

(iii) Speed = 800 rpm

(iv) overall efficiency = 86 %

(v)Jet diameter is one-tenth the wheel diameter

Take coefficient of velocity = 0.98, speed ratio = 0.45

Determine (i) wheel diameter, (ii) diameter of jet (iii) width of bucket

(iv) depth of buckets (v) number of buckets (vi) number of jets

06

OR

Q.4 (a) Explain the following terms

(i) Draft tube

(ii) Specific speed of turbine

(iii) Unit power

(iv) Priming of a pump

08

(b) Explain the working principle of a centrifugal pump. Draw the

characteristics curves for a centrifugal pump working under constant

speed.

06

Q.5 (a) Determine the dimensions of the following quantities

(i) Angular acceleration

(ii) Kinematic viscosity

(iii) Shear stress

06

(b) A pipe of diameter 2 m is transporting oil of specific gravity 0.85 and

dynamic viscosity 0.04 poise at a rate of 4 cumecs. Model tests were

conducted on a 10 cm diameter pipe using water at 20oC. Compute the

velocity and discharge in the model. Viscosity of water at 200C = 0.01

poise.

08

OR

Q.5 (a) Explain the Buckingham’s π-theorem for dimensional analysis. 06

(b) Explain the dimensionless numbers

(i) Reynolds number

(ii) Froude number

(iii) Weber number

(iv) Mach number

08

_____________

1


BE- VIth SEMESTER–EXAMINATION – MAY- 2012 Subject code: 160602 Date: 11/05/2012 Subject Name: Applied Fluid Mechanics Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Derive an expression for the velocity distribution of viscous flow through a

circular pipe and prove that the ration of maximum velocity to average velocity is 2.

07

(b) A fluid of viscosity 0.98 poise and relative density 0.9 is flowing through a horizontal circular pipe of diameter 100mm and of length 12m. Calculate the difference of pressure at the two ends of the pipe, if 120 kg of fluid is collected in a tank in 30 seconds.

07

Q.2 (a) Derive an expression for the momentum thickness(ө) and energy

thickness(δ**) of boundary layer flow. 07

(b) Obtain Von Karman momentum integral equation. 07 OR (b) Water is flowing through a rough pipe of diameter 600mm at the rate of

550 litres/second. The wall roughness is 3mm. Find the power lost for 1.2 km length of pipe.

07

Q.3 (a) Classify open channel flow and explain each in brief. 07

(b) A trapezoidal channel has side slopes of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical and the slope of the bed is 1 in 1500. The area of the section is 50 sqmt. Find the optimum dimensions of the channel. Also determine the discharge if C = 50.

07

OR Q.3 (a) What is difference between back water curve and drop down curve. Find

the slope of the free water surface in a rectangular channel of width 20m and depth of flow 5m.The discharge through the channel is 60 cumecs. The bed slope of the channel is 1 in 4000. Take C = 60.

07

(b) Classify different types of hydraulic jump as per USBR. Water flows at the rate of 2 cumecs along a channel of rectangular section 2m in width. Calculate the critical depth. If a hydraulic jump formed at a point where the u/s depth is 0.25m what would be the rise in water level and power lost in the jump.

07

Q.4 (a) Write procedure for solving problems by Buckingham’s π theorem. 07

(b) Explain different types of hydraulic similarities that must exist between a prototype and its model.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Explain different types of models and obtain the scale ratio for velocity,

area and discharge. 07

(b) A 1:70 model is constructed of an open channel in concrete which has Manning’s N = 0.014. Find the value of N for the model.

07

Q.5 (a) Differentiate between : (a) Impulse and Reaction turbines (b) Radial flow 07

2

and Axial flow turbines (c) Kaplan and Propeller turbines (b) A Pelton turbine is to be designed for the following specification :

Shaft power = 11000 kw, Head = 365metres, Speed = 750 r.p.m. , Overall efficiency = 86% Jet diameter = 1/6 of the wheel diameter. Determine (i) The wheel diameter (ii) The no of jets required and (iii) Diameter of the jet. Take Kv1=0.985 and Ku1=0.45

07

OR Q.5 (a) Explain cavitation in turbines and centrifugal pumps and write the effects. 07

(b) Explain characteristics curves of centrifugal pumps with neat sketches 07

*************



B. E. - SEMESTER – VI • EXAMINATION – WINTER 2012

Subject code: 160602 Date: 03/01/2013 Subject Name: Applied Fluid Mechanics Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt any five questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.

1

Q.1 (a) Derive an equation for velocity distribution in viscous flow between two parallel pales.

04

(b) Differentiate between hydro-dynamically smooth and rough boundaries.

04

(c) Calculate the ratio of displacement thickness and momentum thickness for the velocity distribution in the boundary layer given by the following expression:

2

2u y yU δ δ

⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞= −⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠

Where, u is the velocity at a distance y from a surface, U is a uniform free-stream velocity and δ is boundary layer thickness.

06

Q.2 (a) Explain dynamic similarity between a prototype and its model. Describe Reynolds’ number and Froude’s number used in the model analysis.

07

(b) Write short note on π-theorem dimensional analysis. How repeating variables are selected in the analysis?

07

OR (b) The pressure difference Δp in a pipe due to viscous flow

depends on the diameter of the pipe, D; length of the pipe, l; velocity of flow, v; dynamic viscosity, μ and density, ρ. Obtain an expression for Δp by performing dimensional analysis.

07

Q.3 (a) Draw a typical specific energy diagram for the open

channel flow and explain it. Also define critical velocity. 07

(b) Find the width and depth of a rectangular channel to convey a discharge of 1.5 m3/s at a velocity of 0.5 m/s. Take Chezy’s constant equal to 60 and the channel bed slope equal to 0.00012.

07

OR Q.3 (a) What does it implied by a channel of ‘optimum section’ or

‘most economical channel section’? Show that the hydraulic mean depth for such a trapezoidal channel is one-half the depth of flow.

07

(b) A sluice gate discharges water into a horizontal rectangular channel with a velocity of 8 m/s and depth of water is 0.5 m. The width of the channel is 5 m. Determine whether a hydraulic jump will occur, and if so, find its height and

07

corresponding loss of energy.

Q.4 (a) Differentiate between impulse and reaction turbines. Explain significance of specific speed.

07

(b) Explain main parts of a centrifugal pump with a neat sketch. Discuss effects of cavitation on the performance of pumps.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Differentiate between natural and mechanical ventilations.

State requirements of a ventilation system. 07

(b) A turbine is running at 180 rpm under a head of 30 m and the discharge is 10 m3/s. Determine the speed, discharge and power developed by the turbine under the reduced head of 20 m. Take overall efficiency of the turbine equal to 80%.

07

Q.5 (a) Explain concept of laminar and turbulent boundary layer

growth over a flat plate. What is boundary layer separation?

07

(b) An oil of viscosity 1 poise and specific gravity 0.85 is flowing through a circular pipe of diameter 10 cm at a rate of 6 liters/s. Calculate, i) pressure drop in a length of 400 m and, ii) shear stress at the pipe wall.

07

OR Q.5 (a) Differentiate between stream-lined body and bluff body.

Also prove that the coefficient of drag for sphere is given by 24/Re, when Reynolds’ number (Re) ≤ 0.2.

07

(b) Explain Prandtl’s mixing length theory. 07

*************

2

1/2



Subject Code: 160602 Date: 27-05-2013 Subject Name: Applied Fluid Mechanics Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Explain Euler's equation of motion for three dimensional flow state its applications. 07

(b) Two horizontal plates are 100 mm apart. An oil of viscosity 1.5 Ns/m2 flows between the plates, the maximum velocity being 2 m/s. Find (i) Discharge per meter width (ii) Velocity at 25 mm from a plate (iii) Velocity gradient at the plate and (iv) Shear stress at the plate.

07

Q.2 (a) Define Laminar boundary layer, Turbulent boundary layer, Laminar sub layer,

Displacement thickness, Energy thickness, Local co-efficient of drag, Average co-efficient of drag

07

(b) A plate 1 m x 1 m moves through air of density 1.15kg/cum at 36 km/hour. Determine (i) The drag force, (ii) The lift force, (iii) The resultant force, and (iv) The power required to maintain the plate in motion. Take Cd = 0.18, Cl =0.70

07

OR (b) Obtain Von Karman momentum integral equation. 07

Q.3 (a) Derive the equation of gradually varied flow and clearly state the assumption made in it.

07

(b) A 6 m wide channel conveys water at a depth of 2.15 m. The bed slope of the channel is 0.001. Find the width to be provided in the transition so as to obtain critical depth. Alternatively, with the same width of 6 m, find the rise in bed level required to produce critical flow in the channel. Take Manning’s coefficient N = 0.018.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Discuss the specific energy curve with sketch. 07

(b) A standing wave flume is provided in a rectangular channel 2.50 meter wide, the throat width being 1.25 meter. Calculate the discharge and the upstream depth when the depth at the throat is 0.60 meter.

07

Q.4 (a) Explain difference between Impulse and Reaction turbine. 07

(b) Define characteristic curve. Explain main characteristic curves with figure. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) Derive an equation of specific speed of centrifugal pump. 07 (b) A pelton wheel of 1.2 m mean bucket diameter works under a head of 650m

water is deflected through an angle of 1650 by moving bucket. Friction reduces the relative velocity by 15% on bucket. The water leaves the bucket without whirl. Calculate (1) Rotational speed of the wheel (2) Ratio of bucket speed to jet velocity (3) Power developed by the wheel. (4) Available power and the power input to bucket. (5) Hydraulic efficiency of wheel. Take Cv = 0.97

07

2/2

Q.5 (a) What is meant by dimensional analysis? What are its limitations and advantages? 07

(b) A geometrically similar model of an air duct is built to 1/25 scale and tested with water which is 50 times more viscous and 800 times denser than air. When tested under dynamically similar conditions, the pressure drop is 2 kg/cm2 in the model. Find the corresponding pressure drop in the full scale prototype and express in cm of water.

07

OR Q.5 (a) Explain Buckingham π theorem method, 07

(b) Explain the forces acting in moving fluid. 07

*************

1


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE SEM-VI Examination May 2011


Subject Name: Railway, Bridge & Tunnel Engineering. Date: 19/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am – 01.00 pm

Total Marks: 70




Q.1 (a) What do you understand by mountain railways? Describe in brief the

various types of alignments used for mountain railways.

07

(b) What are the basic functions of marshalling yard and state the points which

should be kept in mind when designing a marshalling yard.

07

Q.2 (a) Draw a neat sketch of a diamond crossing in railways and list its important

features.

07

(b) A five degree curve diverges from a main curve of 4 degree in an opposite

direction in the layout of a broad gauge yard. If the speed on the main curve

is restricted to 54.33 kmph, determine the speed restriction on the branch

line. Assume permissible cant deficiency as 7.5 cms.

07

OR

(b) Explain resistance due to friction and due to wave action that a locomotive

in motion has to overcome.

07

Q.3 (a) Define interlocking. Explain essential regulations of interlocking in Indian

Railways.

07

(b) Explain how the tunnel construction in rock differs from tunneling in soft

ground. Describe full face method of tunneling in rock with merits and

demerits of it.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) Define creep of rail and state the effects of creep. 07

(b) State the advantages of tunnels and horse-shoe shape section of tunnels. 07

Q.4 (a) What are the requirements of a ventilating system? Explain briefly various

methods for dust suppression during tunneling.

07

(b) State the classification of bridges based on different factors. 07

OR

Q.4 (a) With neat sketch, explain the sequence of operation of driving tunnels in

soft ground using liner plates without stiffeners.

07

(b) Define economic span, linear waterway and afflux. Also state the guiding

principle which must be kept in mind to ensure the safety of the structure

while fixing the waterway of bridge.

07

Q.5 (a) State the functions of bearings and also explain rocker and roller bearings. 07

(b) Discuss step by step method of erection of a single span suspension bridge

of about 80 m span in a hilly area to carry light weight traffic.

07

OR

Q.5 (a) Explain the methods of strengthening a bridge superstructure 07

(b) Explain, with neat sketches bascule bridges and state their advantages

specially over the swing bridge.

07

*************

1





Subject Name: Railway, Bridge and Tunnel Engineering


Instructions:




Q.1 (a) Describe in brief the basic requirements of a good alignment.

07

(b) Explain the conning of wheels with neat sketch

07

Q.2 (a) Compare the characteristics of wooden sleepers and reinforced

concrete sleepers used on Indian Railways.

07

(b) What are the functions of rails? Explain the various types of rails in

use.

07

OR

(b) What are the effects of creep of rails?

07

Q.3 (a) Define the followings

(a) Ruling gradient (b) Pusher gradient (c) Momentum gradient

(d) Compensated gradient for curvature.

07

(b) Explain briefly the functions of Fish Plate, Screw Spike and Tie bar in

a railway track.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) Briefly explain semaphore signals and coloured light signals.

07

(b) What do you understand by loading gauge? How is it different from the

construction gauge?

07

Q.4 (a) What is meaning of “Economic span” for a bridge and state how it is

determined?

07

(b) What are the different types of bearings used in bridges? Discuss their

relative merits.

07

OR

Q.4 (a) Write a short note on Suspension bridge

07

(b) Enumerate various bridges with movable – span superstructures.

07

Q.5 (a) Explain Needle beam method of tunneling with neat sketch

07

(b) How are shafts classified?

07

OR

Q.5 (a) Write a short note on Heading and bench method of tunneling in rock.

07

(b) Why is lighting necessary tunnel? Describe various types of tunnel

lights. [

07

______________

1


BE- VIth SEMESTER–EXAMINATION – MAY- 2012 Subject code: 160603 Date: 15/05/2012 Subject Name: Railway, Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Compare Railway transportation with Road transportation. 04

(b) Draw a detailed sketch showing cross section of a B.G. track for double line with electric traction.

04

(c) Briefly explain various types of loads and stresses acting on a bridge. 06Q.2 (a) State different types of surveys conducted before fixing railway alignment.

Explain any two. 07

(b) Briefly explain different types of gradients used in railway. What is grade compensation? Compute the same for horizontal curve of 3o on B.G. track having ruling gradient of 1:200.

07

OR (b) Define: (i) Equilibrium cant, (ii) Cant deficiency. What would be equilibrium

cant on a M.G. track of 5o curve for a speed of 40 kmph? What would be the maximum permissible speed after allowing the maximum cant deficiency?

07

Q.3 (a) Describe with sketches: (i) Coning of wheels, (ii) Creep of rails. 07 (b) What are the facility requirements of a railway station? Classify the railway

stations. Draw a neat sketch of layout of any one type of station. 07

OR Q.3 (a) Draw a neat sketch of simple left hand turnout and show its various component

parts. Explain the working principle of the turnout. 07

(b) What are the objectives of signaling and interlocking in railway? Discuss with sketches different types of signals used in railway.

07

Q.4 (a) Explain with formulae for the bridges: Design discharge, Linear water way, Afflux, Scour depth, Economical span.

07

(b) Write the requirements of ideal bridge bearings. Explain with neat sketches various types of bearings used for steel bridges.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Classify the bridges according to their super structure’s load taking behaviour.

Draw a detailed sketch of plan and cross section of bridge showing its all components.

07

(b) Discuss with sketches: (i) Erection of steel arch bridge, (ii) Maintenance of bridges.

07

Q.5 (a) Under which circumstances do you prefer Tunneling? Classify the tunnels according to their shape and size. Explain with sketch any two of them.

07

(b) Describe with sketches procedure of fixing alignment in short and long tunnels. 07 OR

Q.5 (a) Enlist various methods of tunneling in hard rock. Explain any two of them with sketches.

07

(b) Discuss with sketches ventilation, drainage and safety measures in tunnel construction.

07

*************

1

Seat No.: ________ Enrolment No.___________ GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

B. E. - SEMESTER – VI • EXAMINATION – WINTER 2012

Subject code: 160603 Date: 04/01/2013 Subject Name: Railway, Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Explain about loading and construction gauge with their uses. 07

(b) (i) Define : UIC-880-TISCO-V-1999-OB (ii) State basic requirements of an ideal alignment.

03 04

Q.2 (a) Discuss about methods of erection of various types of bridges in brief. 07

(b) Explain in brief: (i) Resistance to traction. (ii) Types of stations

03 04

OR (b) Explain in brief: (i) Marshalling yards.

(ii) Concrete sleepers 03 04

Q.3 (a) Discuss about various types of gradients and grade compensation on curves. 07

(b) Discuss about causes and effects of creep. Also write measures to reduce creep.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Explain in brief with sketch diamond crossing and scissors crossover. 07

(b) What essential purposes are served by signaling and interlocking? Briefly describe semaphore signals.

07

Q.4 (a) Explain in brief: (i) Strengthening of bridges.

(ii) Bridge bearings 03 04

(b) Explain about ideal bridge site characteristics. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) Explain in brief: (i) Scour depth. (ii) Types of bridge superstructure.

03 04

Q.4 (b) Explain in brief: (i) Waterway (ii) Types of bridge substructure.

03 04

Q.5 (a) Enlist various methods of tunneling in soft ground. Explain needle beam

method. 07

(b) Write classification of tunnels. Sketch various shapes of tunnels. 07 OR

Q.5 (a) Enlist various methods of tunneling in hard rock. Explain any one in detail. 07 (b) Explain in brief: (i) Advantages of tunnel.

(ii) Lighting and ventilation in tunnel.

03 04

*************

1/1



Subject Code: 160603 Date: 28-05-2013 Subject Name: Railway Bridge and Tunnel Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Discuss the role played by Railways in overall development of a nation. Draw a neat

sketch of typical Railway Track and show its components. 07

(b) What are the ideal bridge site characteristics? What is the essential information required to be collected for the design of a bridge?

07

Q.2 (a) Enlist various methods adopted for tunneling in soft ground. Explain with sketch any two methods.

07

(b) Define gauge of a railway track. Which gauges are used in India? Discuss their suitability at different locations with reasons.

07

OR (b) Explain the followings with sketch: Tractive resistance, Buckling of rails, Negative

super elevation. 07

Q.3 (a) What would be an equilibrium cant on a B.G. track of 20 curve for a speed of 70 kmph? What would be the maximum permissible speed after allowing the maximum cant deficiency?

07

(b) Compare the relative merits and demerits of wooden and concrete sleepers. Discuss the factors on which sleeper density depends.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Calculate the maximum permissible speed on a curve of B.G. track having following

details: (i) Degree of curve = 40, (ii) Amount of S.E. = 6.2 cm, (iii) length of transition curve = 70 m.

07

(b) Explain with sketches: Junction fish plate, Dog spikes, C.I. Chair with spring keys. 07 Q.4 (a) Compare the different ballast materials with respect to merits, demerits and suitability

of each material. 07

(b) Explain with sketch: Suspension bridge, Bascule bridge. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) What are the functions of points and crossings in railway track layout? Draw a neat diagram of Diamond Crossing and show its various component parts.

07

(b) What do you understand by ‘Economic Span of Bridge’? Derive the necessary expression for obtaining economic span of the bridge.

07

Q.5 (a) Explain with sketch tunnel ventilation. 07 (b) What are the loads acting on bridges? What are the factors affecting for selection of

types of bridge foundation? 07

OR Q.5 (a) Discuss about (i) Tunnel Lining and (ii) Lighting in Tunnels. 07

(b) What are the functions of bridge bearings? Explain with sketches: Rocker bearing, Roller bearing.

07

*************

1


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE SEM-VI Regular Examination May 2011


Subject Name: Water and Waste Water Engineering

Date: 21/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am – 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70




Q.1 (a) What is Design period of a water supply project? Discuss the factors

considered for fixing design period and state the design periods for

various components of a water supply project.

07

(b) Enlist the population forecasting methods and describe any two of them.

Forecast the population after 30 years for a small town having following

data by Geometrical Increase method.

Year 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001

Population 35400 41600 49400 64900 83200

07

Q.2 (a) What is an intake structure? Sketch and explain construction and working

of a river intake. 07

(b) What are the different types of pipes used for water supply? Discuss, Cast

iron pipes and Concrete pipes in details. 07

OR

(b) A city with 1.5 lakh population is to be supplied water at 100 lpcd from a

river 1km away. The difference in water level of sump and reservoir is

30m. If the demand has to be supplied in 8 hours, determine the size of

the main and B.H.P. of the pumps required. Assume maximum demand

as 1.5 times the average demand. Take f =0.0075, velocity in the pipe as

2.00 m/s and efficiency of pump as 75%.

07

Q.3 (a) What objectives are achieved by aeration of water? Sketch and discuss

different types of aerators. 07

(b) Discuss various rapid and slow mixing devices. 07

OR

Q.3 (a) Explain coagulation and flocculation process. Discuss any one type of

coagulant and its application for water treatment. 07

(b) What is sedimentation? Explain sedimentation type-1 for discrete

particles. 07

Q.4 (a) Sketch and explain working of a rapid sand filter. 07

(b) Discuss, disinfection of water supply. 07 OR

Q.4 (a) Sketch and discuss septic tank and soak pit arrangement as a low cost

sanitation system for a house. 07

(b) Calculate the velocity of flow and corresponding discharge in a circular

sewer having a diameter of 1.00 m laid at a gradient 1 in 400. The sewer

is running at 0.60 m depth. Take N = 0.012 in Manning’s formula.

07

2

Q.5 (a) Sketch and explain construction and working of a trickling filter. 07

(b) Sketch and discuss, Manhole, Drop manhole and Lamp hole as sewer

appurtenances. 07

OR

Q.5 (a) Discuss, aerobic suspended growth treatment of domestic waste water. 07

(b) Discuss sludge digestion and Sludge drying beds as ultimate treatment of

the domestic waste water. 07

*************





Subject Name: Water and wastewater engineering


Instructions:




Q.1 (a) Describe various factors affecting per capita demand of water. 07

(b) Describe various types of sewers based on their size and wastewater

discharge carried by them. 07

Q.2 (a) Draw the neat sketch of intake structure and describe its design

procedure. 07

(b) Describe the procedure of design of pumps and rising main. 07

OR

(b) Design a sewer to carry a wastewater discharge of 0.25m3/sec with a

slope of 1in 50. 07

Q.3 (a) Prove that surface overflow rate governs the removal of suspended

solids in a plain sedimentation tank. 07

(b) Design a plain sedimentation tank for water supply scheme having

capacity to treat the water = 10MLD. 07

OR

Q.3 (a) Draw the neat sketch of a clariflocculator and show its various parts. 07

(b) How will you find out optimum dose of Alum. Explain the

experiment in detail 07

Q.4 (a) Explain the activated sludge process. 07

(b) Write short note on septic tanks and explain its design procedure. 07

OR

Q.4 (a) Draw the neat sketch of Trickling filter and explain its working. 07

(b) Explain the sludge digestion process. 07

Q.5 (a) Write short note on sludge drying beds. 07

(b) How will you decide storage capacity of ESR. 07

OR

Q.5 (a) Describe the methods of removal of hardness of water. 07

(b) Explain daily variation of sewage flow. How will you estimate the

wastewater discharge for design of a wastewater treatment plant? 07

_____________

1


BE- VIth SEMESTER–EXAMINATION – MAY- 2012 Subject code: 160604 Date: 17/05/2012 Subject Name: Water and wastewater engineering Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) What is per capita demand? Discuss factors affecting per capita demand. 07

(b) Describe different types of intakes and design a intake well for a flow of 0.1 m3/sec.

07

Q.2 (a) What is the necessity of water supply scheme? Draw a complete flow

diagram of water treatment plant. 07

(b) What is the economic diameter of pumping mains? Give step wise procedure for finding BHP of pumps.

07

OR (b) Enumerate different population forecasting methods and calculate the

population after two decades for following data by any two methods. Year Population Year Population 1980 25000 1990 28000 2000 34000 2010 42000

07

Q.3 (a) What is rate of filtration? Design a rapid sand filter with under drainage

network for getting flow of 0.1 m3/sec. Take rate of filtration as 5000 liters/sqm/hr.

07

(b) What is clariflocculator? Design a clariflocculator for flow of 0.1 m3/sec. Assume suitable data as per manual.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Derive the equation for settling velocity in sedimentation tank and prove

that settling velocity does not depend upon depth of sedimentation tank. 07

(b) Write short notes on: (i) Methods of disinfection (vi) Distribution networks

07

Q.4 (a) Why biological treatment is necessary? Differentiate suspended growth

process and attached growth process. 07

(b) Draw a complete flow diagram of wastewater treatment plant and describe the function of its each unit.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Describe the working of Trickling filters with sketch and discuss the

formation of slime layer in it. 07

(b) What is HRTF? Determine the size of HRTF for flow of 4.50 MLD. If recirculation ratio = 1.5, BOD of wastewater =250 mg/l and final effluent desired = 30 mg/l. Assume suitable data if required.

07

Q.5 (a) Why sludge recirculation is done in activated sludge process? Discuss the

mass balance with sketch for completely mixed reactor of wastewater treatment using ASP.

07

(b) Enumerate different sewer appurtenances and describe man hole with sketch.

07

2

OR Q.5 (a) Write short notes on:

(i) COD test (vi) Factors affecting sludge digestion 07

(b) Discuss the low cost sanitation system and design a septic tank with soak pit for 100 users. Take loading of 120 liters/capita/day for septic tank and percolation rate of 1250 liters/cum/day for soak pit. Assume suitable data if required

07

*************



Subject code: 160604 Date: 05/01/2013 Subject Name: Water and Wastewater Engineering Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Enlist different types of water demand. explain the different factors

affecting the water demand. 07

(b) Enlist different methods of population forecast. explain any three methods in detail.

07

Q.2 (a) The following data have been noted from the census department. Year 1981 1991 2001 2011 Population 16000 24000 34000 47000

Calculate the probable population for the year 2031 and 2041 by arithmetical increase method, geometrical increase method and decrease rate of growth method.

07

(a) Enlist different types of pipes used for water supply. explain any two in detail. OR

07

(b) Explain the factors affecting the site selection for an intake structure. 07 Q.3 (a) Draw the layout of a water treatment plant. Explain function of each unit. 07 (b) Discuss various types of Rapid mixing devices in detail. 07 OR Q.3 (a) Design a clariflocculator to treat 1.5 MLD of raw water. 07 (b) Design a rapid sand filter to treat 2.5MLD of raw water. 07 Q.4 (a) Explain different layouts of distribution network with their relative merits

and demerits. 07

(b) State different methods used for disinfection. Explain any two in detail. 07 OR Q.4 (a) Enlist various sewer appurtenances and write short note on any one. 07 (b) What do you understand by unit operations and processes? what is its

importance in water and wastewater treatment? Elaborate various types of unit operations used for wastewater treatment.

07

Q.5 (a) Design screen and grit chamber to cater 1.2MLD sewage. 07 (b) What do you understand by a trickling filter? explain with the help of a

neat sketch, the biological process involved in working of a trickling filter. 07

OR Q.5 (a) What is meant by activated sludge? Describe with sketches the treatment of

sewage by activated sludge process. Mention the advantages and disadvantages of this system.

07

(b) Design an activated sludge process to yield an effluent BOD5 of 30mg/l and suspended solids of 25 mg/l. The influent BOD5 following primary settling tank is 175mg/l. The waste flow is 15m3/min. Take Y= 0.65, kd=0.05 and �c=10 days.

07

*******************

1



Subject Code: 160604 Date: 03-06-2013 Subject Name: Water and Waste Water Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Describe the factors affecting per capita demand of water for a city. 07

(b) Draw a schematic diagram of a sewage treatment plant explaining the function of each unit

07

Q.2 (a) Enumerate various methods of population forecasting. Explain geometric

increase and arithmetic increase method in detail. 07

(b) Describe various means of conveying water from intake to treatment plant. 07 OR (b) Design a circular sewer to cater a residential colony in town for the

following data Area of colony = 36 hectares Population = 10,000 Per capita consumption = 180 lphd Critical design rainfall intensity = 4 cm/hr General available slope of ground = 1in 1000 Manning’s coefficient =0.015 Runoff Coefficient = 0.6

07

Q.3 (a) Explain the following terms

(1) Detention time (2) Surface loading (3) Coagulation (4) Filtration (5) Disinfection

07

(b) Define slow sand and rapid sand filters and give a point wise comparison between them.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Explain the following terms in relation of disinfection

(1) Pre-chlorination (2) Post-chlorination (3) Double chlorination (4) Break-point chlorination (5) Super chlorination (6) De-chlorination

07

(b) (1) Enumerate various methods used for water softening 07 (2) Explain the procedure of fixing storage capacity of an elevated storage

reservoir

Q.4 (a) Discuss requirement of a good distribution system. Describe layouts of various water distribution networks.

07

(b) State various types of sewers. Describe the procedure to estimate the waste water discharge for a city.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Explain the following with figure.

(1) Catch basin or catch pits (2) Drop manhole (3) Grease and oil traps 07

Q.4 (b) Define septic tank. Describe its construction details and design considerations.

07

2

Q.5 (a) Design a suitable rectangular sedimentation tank for treating sewage of a city. The city has maximum daily demand of 12 million litre per day. Assume suitable value of detention period and velocity of flow in the tank.

07

(b) Describe the following in detail. (1) Trickling filter (2) Activated sludge process

07

OR Q.5 (a) Explain sludge digestion and its stages in digestion process. Also explain

factors affecting sludge digestion. 07

(b) Explain the following (1) Grit Chamber (2) Sludge drying beds (3) Soak pit

07

*************

1/3


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY B. E. Sem-VI Examination May- 2011

Subject Code: 160605

Subject Name: Earthquake Engineering Date: 23/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am – 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70




4. Use of IS:1853 , 875 part II and 13920 is permitted

Evaluate any seven of the following statements as true/false giving justification/reason.

(i) Energy released in an earthquake of magnitude 6,is double compared that released

in magnitude 3 earthquake.

(ii) Intensity scale X is the highest intensity scale.

(iii) Generally shallow focus earthquakes are more destructive compared to deep focus

earthquakes of same magnitude.

(iv) Natural frequency of vibrating system will remain unchanged if damping level is

increased.

(v) During Liquefaction, underground lighter objects are raising up.

(vi) Over damped system comes to rest, faster than critically damped system.

(vii) Moment resisting Capacity of a column should be more than that of beam framing

on it.

(viii) Ductility of RCC column increases by providing sufficient confining reinforcement

(ix) Love-waves are most damaging seismic waves.

Q.1 (a)

(x) Damping can be neglected in the dynamic analysis of buildings.

07

Attempt any two of the following

(i) What is jacketing? Explain the jacketing of beams and column with illustrative

sketches.

(ii) Earthquake resisting features of unreinforced brick masonry structure.

(b)

(iii) Explain plate tectonics

07

Q.2 (a)

Write the motion equation for free damped vibration and derive the expressions for the

displacement. 07

(b) Find the natural frequency of the system shown in the fig.1. 07

OR

(b)

Derive the expression for the dynamic load factor for the forced damped vibration with

usual notations. 07

2/3

For a RCC framed office building, find the design lateral forces and its distribution along

the height, using static co-efficient method. Consider following data.

(i) Location : Gandhidham

(ii) Soil condition : Medium soil

(iii) Plan dimensions : 5 bays of 6 m each along X direction and 6 bays of 5 m each

along Y direction

(iv) Elevation : 6 storey including Ground storey , each with 3.5 m floor height

(v) Columns : 400 x 400 mm all

(vi) Beams : 300 x 500 mm

(vii) Slab : 150 mm thick RCC

(viii) Walls : outer 230 mm brick masonry, inner 150 mm brick masonry

(ix) Parapet walls : 230 mm thick 1 m ht.brick masonry.

What change in the lateral forces will occur, if this building is to be constructed using

Steel frame?

Q.3

OR

14

Q.3

For the RCC frame shown in the fig.2 carry out the response spectrum analysis to find

storey shears and design lateral forces. K=1000 kN/m

Natural frequencies : ω1 = 5.662 rad/s , ω2 = 21.632 rad/s

Mode shape coefficients corresponding to above frequencies : φ11 = 1, φ12 = 0.893

Φ21 = 1, φ22 = -0.560

14

Q.4 (a) Find the natural frequency and natural period for the building frame shown in the fig.3.

During test the frame is given 50 mm initial lateral displacement and released from the rest

to vibrate freely. Find the displacement after 5 seconds and number of cycles when

amplitude reduced to 1/10 of maximum. Consider 10% damping. Take EIcolumn = 1.5 x 1012

Nmm, EIbeam = ∞.

07

(b) Do as directed : (i) Explain philosophy of earthquake resistant design (ii) Give suggestions

for good earthquake resistant design of a high-rise building. 07

OR

Q.4 What is mode shape? Plot the mode shapes for the frame shown in the fig.4. and indicate

the fundamental mode. Take EIcolumn = 1.5 x 1012

Nmm, EIbeam = ∞. 14

Q.5 (a) Enlist different approximate methods used for lateral load analysis. Analyse the frame

shown in the fig.5 using an appropriate approximate method and construct BM,SF and

axial force diagrams. Give the assumptions made in the analysis. All columns are of same

cross section 300 x 300 mm .

07

(b) Enlist the different methods of structural control and explain any one in detail 07

OR

Q.5 (a) Find the lateral loads in the columns of a rigid floor shown in the fig.6.All columns are of

same height and mass is uniformly distributed. 07

(b) Do as directed : (i) Sketch the reinforcement details for c/s of RCC column 400 x 400 mm

, having 8 nos. 20 mm dia. main bars as ductile requirement (ii) Sketch the qualitative L/S

of 6 m long RCC beam of special moment resisting frame having cross section 300 mm

wide 600 mm deep.

07

*************

3/3

Fig.1 Q-2(b)

50 kg

K=5 N/mm K=10 N/mm

20000 kg

4 m

Fig.2 Q-3 OR

10000

4 m

K

3K

4 m

10000 kg

Fig.3 Q-4(a)

2000 kg

1000 kg

4 m

Fig.4 Q-4 OR

6 m

Fig.6 Q-5 (a) OR

8 m

Column 400 x

400 mm

8 m 100 kN

Column 300 x

600 mm

Fig.5 -Q-5(a)

7 m 4 m

3 m

100 kN

60 kN

4 m

1





Subject Name: Earthquake Engineering


Instructions:




4. Use of IS 1893- 2002 (Part 1), IS 13920 (1993), IS 4326 (1993), IS 13828 (1993)

is permitted

Q.1 (a) Calculate the base shear for a five storey hospital building having special

moment resisting frame (SMRF) located in Ahmedabad on medium soil

with following data using seismic coefficient method.

(i) No. of bay in x and y-direction = 4

(ii) Width of each bay = 5m

(iii) Thickness of slab =150 mm

(iv) Storey height = 3 m

(v) Size of beam and column = 300 mm x 450 mm

(vi) Amount of damping = 10 % of critical damping

(vii) Live load = 4 kN/m2

Assume any additional data if required and neglect the weight of the infill

wall panels.

07

(b) Calculate the lateral forces at each floor level of hospital building of Q.1 (a)

using seismic coefficient method.

07

Q.2 (a) Define (i) isoseismal (ii) soft storey (iii) epicenter (iv) magnitude (v)

resonance (vi) seismogram (vii) Intensity

07

(b) A spring mass model consists of 6 kg mass and spring of stiffness 3 N/mm

was tested for viscous damped vibration. The test recorded two consecutive

amplitude is 1.5 cm and 1.2 cm respectively. Determine (i) natural

frequency of undamped system (ii) logarithmatic decrement (iii) damping

ratio (iv) damping coefficient (v) damped natural frequency of system.

07

OR

(b) Derive the equation of motion for the free damped single degree of freedom

system.

07

Q.3 (a) Calculate the torsion moment developed on a typical floor level due to

lateral load of 1500 kN as shown in Fig. 1 according to IS1893-2002. All

the columns are of 300 mm × 300 mm. Assume uniform mass distribution.

07

(b) Calculate the additional lateral forces in columns of typical floor level of

Fig. 1 due to torsional moment.

07

OR

Q.3 (a) Analyse the RC frame shown in Fig. 2 by any approximate method of

analysis and draw the bending moment diagram only. Take c/s area of all

the columns as constant.

07

2

(b) A SDOF system consists of 5 m high column of 600 mm diameter which

supports the heavy mass of 10500 kg at its top. The system is subjected to a

harmonic force of 1800sin50t N. Consider 20% damping and E = 2 × 105.

Calculate the maximum dynamic amplitude and also state whether the

system will have resonance or not?

07

Q.4 (a) If a column of size 350 mm × 550 mm is having the longitudinal

reinforcement of 1.75 % of the gross cross sectional area. Detail the

longitudinal reinforcement of the column satisfying all criteria of IS 13920-

1993 and workout the special confining hoop reinforcement as per the code

along with neat sketch of longitudinal section. Take the clear height of the

column = 4 m. Take concrete grade = M20, steel grade = Fe 415 and clear

cover to longitudinal reinforcement = 40 mm

07

(b) Force deformation curve of two building is shown in Fig.3, calculate (i)

Stiffness of building A and B (ii) Ductility factor of building A and B (iii)

Energy absorption capacity of building A and B (iv) Maximum load

capacity of building A

07

OR

Q.4 (a) Draw and detail the typical qualitative reinforcement detailing of two span

reinforced concrete continuous rectangular beam of dimension 230 mm ×

500 mm as per IS 13920-1993 (ductile detailing provisions).

07

(b) (i) Explain in brief soil liquefaction phenomenon

(ii) Explain in brief base isolation technique

04

03

Q.5 (a) Find the natural frequency of building frame shown in Fig.4. Assume beam

at roof level as rigid.

07

(b) For a two degree of freedom system shown in Fig. 5, obtain the natural

frequencies and corresponding mode shapes.

07

OR

Q.5 (a) (i) Define response spectrum and discuss its significance

(ii) Enlist the various seismic waves

05

02

(b) (ii)Explain the earthquake resistance feature of masonary structures 07

______________

1


GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BE- VIth SEMESTER–EXAMINATION – MAY- 2012

Subject code: 160605 Date: 19/05/2012 Subject Name: Earth quake engineering Time: 10:30 am – 01:00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. Use of IS1893, IS4326 and IS13920 is permitted in the examination hall.

Q.1 (a) Define/Explain the terms mentioned. 1) Epicenter, 2)

Intensity, 3) Magnitude, 4) Base shear, 5) Seismograph, 6) Confinement Reinforcement and 7) soft storey.

07

(b) Discuss in detail the advantage of horizontal bands and vertical reinforcement in the masonry buildings.

07

Q.2 (a) A five storeyed building has size of 30m x 30m. It is

located in Bhuj and resting on hard soil. The weights of floors and height of the floors are 2000kN, 2500kN, 2500kN, 2500kN and 2100kN AND 4.5m, 3.5m, 3.5m, 3.5m and 3.5m respectively from slab no.1 from bottom. Assuming the building as special moment resisting office building, calculate the horizontal shear forces acting at the each slab level by equivalent lateral force method.

07

(b) Discuss in detail the concepts of the ductile detailing in Beams.

07

OR (b) Discuss the capacity design concept in ductile detailing. 07

Q.3 (a) A two storey multi storeyed building is idealized as two springs and masses having the values of the same as k1 = 1kN/m, k2 = 2kN/m, M1 = 100kg and M2 = 50kg respectively from the foundation. Calculate all the natural frequencies and all the normalized mode shapes.

10

(b) Discuss how the mode shapes are used in the dynamic analysis of the building for calculating earth quake forces.

04

OR Q.3 A three storeyed hospital building located in Ahmedabad

resting on medium soil is analyzed for free vibration and the the results are as mentioned. W1 = 1100kN, W2 = 1300kN and W3 = 1000kN. ω1 = 8.3407 rad/sec. ω2 = 23.2831 rad/sec and ω3 = 31.5954 rad/sec. The three corresponding mode shapes are {0.2980, 0.5977, 0.7443}, {0.6623, 0.3535,-0.6607} and {0.7031, -0.6237, 0.3415}. Calculate the storey shears by the dynamic analysis.

14

Q.4 (a) Analyze the structure as shown in the figure.1 by portal

method and draw the bending moment diagram 07

(b) A water tank is idealized as a single degree of freedom having equivalent weight of 10000kN, damping ratio as 4% and stiffness factor as 20000kN/m. Calculate (1) the

07

2

natural time period, (2) the damped time period, (3) the damping constant and (4) the maximum horizontal displacement at the top of the water tank if it is loaded by a seismic force equivalent to 20*sin(5t) N.

OR Q.4 (a) Analyze the structure as shown in the figure.1 by cantilever

method and draw the bending moment diagram 07

(b) In the laboratory a model of simple support beam is displaced at the middle from the stable condition and allowed to vibrate. It is found that it vibrates with natural time period of 0.1 secs. and the amplitude of the motion was decreased from 4mm to 3.5mm after 5 cycles. The same experiment was repeated by tying 5kg of the weight at the mid span and it was found to vibrate having time period of 1.1 secs. Calculate (1) equivalent mass of the beam, (2) Equivalent stiffness of the beam and (3) the damping ratio of the beam.

07

Q.5 Figure.2 shows a plan of the multi storeyed building only

on shear walls, with a Floor height of 3.6m, Slab thickness 120mm, Floor finish load = 1kN/m2, Live load 4kN/m2, Beams 230 x 600 mm (total depth), SW1 = 150 x 2000mm and 230 mm thick full height brick masonry walls only on grids A & B. Calculate seismic weight and centre of the mass of an intermediate storey. Also calculate the length of the Shear Wall SW2 assuming width as 150mm so as to make static eccentricity equals to zero. Neglect the self weight of the shear walls and their stiffness in weaker direction.

14

OR Q.5 (a) A building with plan as shown in the figure.3 has frame

stiffness of KA = KC =K2 = 3000kN/m and KB = K1 = K3 = 6000kN/m. If earth quake storeys shear of 60kN acts along X direction, calculate the forces on each frame considering torsion. Assume mass is symmetric in the plan.

14

3

*************

100kN

50kN

4m 4m 4m

3m

5m

Figure.1

4m

4m

4m 4m 4m

SW1

SW1

SW1

SW2

2 1 4

A

B

C

3 Figure . 2

4m

4m

4m 4m

1 3

A

B

C

2 Figure . 3

1



Subject code: 160605 Date: 07/01/2013 Subject Name: Earthquake Engineering Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:


Q.1 (a) Attempt any seven

1. According to IS 1893 (Part 1) – 2002, India is divided into ___________ Seismic zones.

2. The ground motion during a Richter magnitude 8 earthquake is ______ times larger than the ground motion during a Richter magnitude 6 earthquake.

3. How many seismograph stations are needed to locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

4. A soft storey is one in which the lateral stiffness is less than _____ percent of that in the storey above or less than _____ percent of the average lateral stiffness of the three storeys above.

5. A weak storey is one in which the storey lateral strength is less than _____ percent of that in the storey above.

6. According to IS 1893 (Part 1) – 2002, the ratio (I/R) shall not be greater than________.

7. After the 2001 Bhuj (Gujarat) earthquake, the four-storey Bhuj Hospital building was built with Base Isolation using ______________________

8. For an earthquake of magnitude 8.0, the maximum intensity on MMI scale would be about ________.

07

(b) Attempt any seven 1. According to MSK (64) scale of intensity, the total number of intensity

classes (or grades) is _________. 2. When does the natural building period coincide with the earthquake period? 3. According to IS 13920 : 1993, for all buildings which are more than 3

storeys in height, the minimum grade of concrete shall preferably be ______

4. As per IS 13920 : 1993, the thickness of any part of the shear wall shall preferably, not be less than ________.

5. Which is thickest layer in the cross section of Earth? 6. Which are the fastest & the slowest waves? 7. The distance between focus & epicenter is known as _____________. 8. Which is the most difficult structural element to retrofit?

07

Q.2 (a) Derive expression for the response of SDOF free damped structural system. 07

(b) Explain concept of ductile detailing & explain factor affecting the ductility of structures in detail. Explain ductile detailing of beam as per IS 13920 – 1993

07

OR (b) Explain failures of masonry structures observed in past earthquakes & how will

you improve performance of masonry building. 07

2

Q.3 (a) Attempt following 1. Enlist required condition for liquefaction. 2. Give four virtue of good earthquake resistant design. 3. Differentiate - Iso-seismal & Meizo-seismal 4. Differentiate - Ductility Vs Flexibility 5. Differentiate - Gravity load distribution Vs lateral load distribution 6. Differentiate - Magnitude & Intensity 7. Differentiate - Seismograph Vs Seismogram

07

(b) A SDOF vibrating system is having following parameters. m = 200 kg, k = 160 N/m, c = 40 N – sec / m. Determine (i) the damping factor (ii) the natural frequency of damped vibration (iii) logarithmic decrement (iv) the ratio of two successive amplitudes & (v) the number of cycles after which the original amplitude is reduced to 50%.

07

OR Q.3 (a) State whether following statements are true or false & also justify your answer in

short. Attempt any seven 1. Liquefaction is only possible in cohesive soil. 2. As per IS 1893 2002, Gujarat is divided in Zone III, IV & V only. 3. Ductile detailing is compulsory for RCC building located in Gujarat. 4. Design philosophy for gravity loads & design philosophy for lateral loads due

to earthquake are same. 5. Performance of shear walls which are located near geometric centre of

building is better than the identical shear wall located on periphery. 6. Non structural wall will fail before structural wall. 7. IS 13920-1993 has given special detailing for beam-column joint. 8. Concrete structures offer less damping as compared to steel structures. 9. Code specifies higher value of R for building having better performance. 10. Any structure is designed as earthquake proof structure.

07

(b) A simply supported beam of negligible mass spanning 6 m supports a machine of 50 kN at center with an unbalanced rotor applying a vertical force of 60 sin 5 t kN. The damping force is 0.3 kN-s/m & Flexural rigidity of beam is 25000 kN-m2. Determine (i) maximum amplitude of vibration (ii) amplitude of vibration at resonance

07

Q.4 (a) Calculate base shear in the critical direction only for BSNL office in Kohima

with following data by seismic coefficient method. (a) No. of storey = 4 (b) No. of bay in x direction = 3 (c) No. of bay in y direction = 1 (d) storey height = 3 m (e) Width of each bay = 5 m (f) Total DL on roof = 12 kN/m2 (g) Total DL on floor = 10 kN/m2 (h) LL = 4 kN/m2 (i) Thickness of slab = 120 mm All columns having their longer side in X direction. Neglect weight of infill walls. Assume suitable data if required. Write all your assumptions & clauses of IS 1893 (2002). Building is provided with additional viscous dampers which will increase damping by 3%.

07

(b) Calculate lateral forces in the critical direction only at each floor level along with diagram of distribution of lateral force at each floor level. Refer data given in Q 4 (a). Also discuss (only) following

• If the same building is located in Ahmedabad, is there any change in design lateral force?

• The functional purpose of the building is changed & now it is used as hospital, what will be the change in design lateral force?

07

OR Q.4 (a) Analyze the two bay two storeys RC frame by any appropriate approximate method

of analysis. Lateral force of 120 kN & 80 kN is acting at first & second floor 07

3

respectively. Storey height = 3 m & bay width of each bay =.4 m. Draw axial force, shear force & bending moment diagram

Q.4 (b) Attempt following any two 1. Enlist three latest great earthquake of the world after 2007. Name two inter plate &

two intra plate earthquakes of India. 2. Define & explain liquefaction. Also give remedial measures for the liquefaction. 3. Explain four virtue of good earthquake resistant design.

07

Q.5 A three storey single bay RC frame is supported by four corner columns. Building

is located in Surat has lumped floor weights of 180 kN & having storey stiffness 80 kN/m at every floor level. Perform free vibration analysis and determine all natural frequencies & sketch all mode shape.

14

OR Q.5 (a) Calculate the forces in four columns located in corner due to lateral load of 2000

kN acting in X direction for the single storey building acting at slab level.. All columns are identical square column. Use all provisions of IS 1893 – 2002 Part-I including torsion provision.

07

(b) Attempt any two 1. What is the natural period of vibration of the second system with respect to first if

both systems are identical except support condition? First system has hinge support & second system has fixed support.

2. The dimension of the column is 600 mm x 600 mm. If the these dimensions become doubled, what should be the increase in the lateral load carrying capacity of the column with respect to column with earlier dimension

3. Explain Base isolation technique in detail.

07

*************

1



Subject Code: 160605 Date: 30-05-2013 Subject Name: Earthquake Engineering Time: 10.30 am - 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70 Instructions:

1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. 4. IS 1893 Part 1 2002 & IS 13920 – 1993 are allowed in the examinations

Q.1 (a) Derive expression for the response of free damped SDOF structural system. 07

(b) Force-Displacement relationships are shown in fig (1) for three different materials. Arrange these materials in descending order with proper calculation for following criteria

1. Strength 2. Stiffness 3. Ductility 4. Energy absorption capacity

Also give your opinion about material which is the best among all with respect to above criteria.

Q.2 (a) State whether following statements are true or false. Give logical reason for your answer :

1. Numbers of intra-plate earthquakes in world are more than numbers of inter-plate earthquakes.

2. Kochi is having maximum earthquake risk. 3. Peak ground acceleration (PGA) & Zero period acceleration (ZPA) are

same. 4. Performance of shear walls which are located near geometric centre of

building is better than the identical shear wall located on periphery. 5. A building is located on the boundary of zone IV & V. It will be

designed as if it is in zone IV. 6. Code specifies higher value of R for building having better performance. 7. Two identical building to be constructed in zone IV & V. Building in

zone V should be designed for lower lateral load than building in zone IV.

07

(b)

(b)

A two bay single storey RCC plane frame in which lumped mass of 20 tonne is supported on three columns (AB, CD & EF) having fixed support. LAB = 0.5 LCD = 0.25 LEF = 2 m Calculate (i) (i) Natural frequency of damped vibration (ii) BM & SF at support for the RCC frame after five cycles of vibration if floor is displaced horizontally by 300mm & suddenly released. Assume rigid diaphragm action. Take fck = 25 MPa & size of column 600 mm x 600 mm. Assume 8% damping.

OR Explain the phenomenon of resonance. A SDOF system consists of 5 m high column of 300 mm diameter which supports the heavy mass of 20 tonne at its top. The system is subjected to a harmonic force of 200 Sin 50t kN. Consider 20% damping & E = 2.1 x 105

N/mm2. Calculate the maximum dynamic amplitude. Also state whether system will have resonance or not?

07 07

Q.3 (a) Calculate base shear for hotel of Gujarat Tourism (100 rooms) in Mount Abu with following data by static coefficient method.

07

2

(a) No. of storey = 15 (b) No. of bay in x direction = 2 I No. of bay in y direction = 5 (d) storey height = 4.0 m (e) Width of each bay = 5 m (f) Size of beam = 300 x 450 mm (g) size of column = 600 x 300 m (h) LL = 3 kN/m2 (i) Thickness of slab = 150 mm (j) Damping = 9% of critical damping (k) Type of soil = Soft soil Assume suitable data if required. Write all your assumptions & clauses of IS 1893 (2002).

(b) Ref Q 3 (a) Calculate lateral forces at each floor level. Also draw distribution of lateral force at each floor level.

07

OR Q.3 (a) Explain any two

1. Philosophy of Earthquake resistant design. Give four virtue of good earthquake resistant design.

2. Differentiate Static DOF & Dynamic DOF. Explain assumptions to reduce dynamic DOF of multi-storey building.

3. Differentiate (i) Magnitude & Intensity (ii) Seismograph Vs Seismogram (iii) S wave & Love wave (iv) center of mass & center of stiffness

07

(b) Attempt any two 1. Explain mathematical modeling in detail. Draw mathematical model for

any two structural system. 2. Enlist various codes of practice along with correct name related to

earthquake engineering. 3. Elastic rebound theory

07

Q.4 (a) Attempt any two

1. Explain various irregularities found in the civil engineering structures from earthquake point of view.

2. Enlist two major/great Indian intra-plate & two interpolate earthquake with usual details.

3. Two pendulums are hanging on an ideal spring. The frequency of first pendulum is twice the frequency of second pendulum & the mass of first pendulum is four times the mass of second pendulum. What is the stiffness of the second pendulum with respect to first?

07

(b) Analyze the 4 bay two storey RC frame by any appropriate approximate method of analysis if 400 kN & 200 kN forces are acting at first & ground storey. Draw axial force, shear force & bending moment diagram. Height of floor = 5 m & bay width is 4 m.

07

OR Q.4 (a) Attempt any two

1. Explain soft storey & discuss its performance of soft storey building in past earthquakes. How will you avoid soft storey?

2. Explain the concept of base isolation. Discuss its suitability. 3. A spring mass (k1, m1) system has a natural frequency f1. Calculate the value

of stiffness of other spring which when connected to k1 in series decreases the frequency by 50%.

07

Q.4 (b) A 10 m high single storey industrial RC building (SDOF) having plan dimension 20 m x 15 m is located in Delhi. Floor slab of the building is supported on four corner columns. Calculate the eccentricity & carry out lateral load distribution as per IS 1893 Part I 2002 if 2700 kN force is acting at floor level. Size of columns are 300 mm x 300 mm

07

Q.5 (a) Explain ductile detailing of column as per IS 13920 – 1993. Also give limitation

of this code. 07

3

(b) a. A SDOF system having the amplitude of vibration in successive cycle are 0.90, 0.45, 0.23, 0.11 units respectively. Determine damping ratio of the system.

b. Earthquake force acting in horizontal direction at the top of a single storey building frame is 2000 kN. & slab is supported on three columns. What is the shear force distribution in the column if column having different moment of inertia? Take (I)1 = 0.5(I)2 = 0.25(I)3

07

OR Q.5 (a) For the two storey building frame having lumped masses 20 tonne at floor

levels having first storey stiffness 60 kN/m & second storey stiffness is 90 kN/m. Perform free vibration analysis & draw all mode shapes. Also calculate the length of 300 mm thick shear wall at ground storey to avoid soft storey effect.

07

(b) Explain following 1. Earthquake resistant feature of masonry structure. 2. Liquefaction and give remedial measures for it.

07

gujarat technological university b e sem-vi · pdf file1 seat no.: _____ enrolment no._____...

Documents

gujarat technological university b e sem-vi · pdf file1 seat no.: _ enrolment no._...