guideline for managing risks with chemicals in...

Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006)

Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Table of Contents

Chapter 1 – Introduction to chemicals at work - Introduction - Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods – What are they? - Legislative Requirements - Management Responsibilities - Workers Responsibilities - Contractor, Visitor and Student Responsibilities

Chapter 2 – Information, communication and training - Information, Communication and Training - Sources of Information - Material Safety Data Sheets - ChemWatch and ChemAlert MSDS Databases - Labelling - Communication and Consultation - Training Appendix 1 Effects of Chemicals

Chapter 3 – Record Keeping - Documents and Records - Chemical Risk Assessments - Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register - Safe Work Procedures - Maintenance Records - Training Records - Monitoring and Health Surveillance Records Appendix 2a Sample Hazardous Substance/Dangerous Goods Register Appendix 2b Hazardous Substance/Dangerous Goods Register

Chapter 4 – Purchasing, storage and handling - Working with Chemicals - Purchasing - Storage and Handling - Physical Requirements - Separation and Segregation - Labelling and Decanting - Storage Placarding (Signage) - Transport of Flammable Liquids and Gas

Appendix 3 Prohibited Chemicals in Departmental Workplaces Appendix 4 Dangerous Goods Classification Appendix 5 Chemical Compatibility and Segregation Requirements Appendix 6 Placarding Thresholds for a Dangerous Goods Minor Storage Chapter 5 – Risk Management - Chemical Risk Management - Process for Conducting a Risk Assessment for the Use of Chemicals - Chemical Pesticide Management

Appendix 7 Chemical Risk Assessments Appendix 8 Risk Assessment Process: Managing Risk in Activities Involving Chemicals Appendix 9 Risk Assessment Flowchart

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Table of Contents

Chapter 6 - Disposal - Disposal - Surplus chemicals - General requirements for disposal of chemicals and containers - Disposal of chemical waste - Disposal of empty containers - Disposal of Other items – Oil, Oil Drums, Gas Cylinders, Batteries, Consumables - Minimising use - Avoid creating waste

Appendix 10 Licensed Chemical Waste Disposal Contractors Appendix 11 Chemical Waste Disposal Manifest Chapter 7 – Emergency Planning - Emergencies - Emergency Procedures - Emergency Management Plan - Review of Emergency Management Plan - Emergency Service Agencies

Glossary

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 1 Introduction to Chemicals at work

1 Introduction

The purpose of this Managing Occupational Risks with Chemicals Guideline is to assist departmental staff to adopt safe practices for the management of all chemicals. The application of the information and processes in this guideline will prevent or minimise the risk of injury or illness to staff, students and others (such as visitors and volunteers) from exposure to chemicals, particularly hazardous substances and dangerous goods.

1.1 Hazardous Substances and Dangerous Goods – What are they?

Chemicals can be broken down into hazardous materials and non-hazardous materials. Non-hazardous materials generally do not represent a threat to the health and safety of employees and others provided that they are used for the purpose specified and in the manner specified. While these substances do not pose a threat to employees and property, there is still an obligation for the safe management of non-hazardous materials in the Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995. ‘Hazardous materials’ is a term that collectively describes substances which are classified according to the hazard they present, including but not limited to dangerous goods (DG) and hazardous substances. Both of these classes of substances are present in many departmental workplaces and readily available to workers. These chemicals are subject to specific legislative requirements for their safe and effective management.

ALL CHEMICALS

Fig 1 - Diagrammatic Representation of the Relationship between all Chemicals, Dangerous Goods and Hazardous Substances

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1.2 Legislative Requirements

Departmental workplaces have the responsibility to safely manage the use of all chemicals. However, extra vigilance must be exercised when managing hazardous materials. Many hazardous materials are classified as both a dangerous good and a hazardous substance and will be subject to at least one set of legislation depending on the application of the hazardous material at any point in time. Effective management can be achieved by meeting all relevant legislative requirements. In Queensland there is a complex range of legislation, codes of practice and related standards for the management of chemicals. The principal requirements for the management of chemicals are contained in the following documents:

Workplace Health and Safety Act 1995 and Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008 and related codes of practice

Dangerous Goods Safety Management Act 2001 and Dangerous Goods Safety Management Regulation 2001

Agricultural Chemicals Distribution Control Act 1966 and Agricultural Chemicals Distribution Control Regulation 1998

Chemical Usage (Agricultural and Veterinary) Control Act 1988, and Chemical Usage (Agricultural and Veterinary) Control Regulation 1999

Explosives Act 1999 and Explosives Regulation 2003 Transport Operations (Road Use Management) Act 1995 and Transport

Operations (Road Use Management – Dangerous Goods) Regulation 2008 Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Queensland) Act 1994 Health (Drugs and Poisons) Regulation 1996.

The legislation imposes responsibilities on certain persons in a departmental workplace irrespective of the quantities and types of chemicals that may be used.

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http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WorkplHSaA95.pdf

http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WorkplHSaR08.pdf

http://www.legislation.qld.gov.au/LEGISLTN/CURRENT/W/WorkplHSaR08.pdf

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1.2.1 Management Responsibilities

Departmental supervisors and managers have an obligation to ensure the health and safety of themselves, their staff and any other persons (such as students and volunteers) is not affected by the conduct of work-related activities involving hazardous materials undertaken at the workplace. With respect to hazardous materials, the specific requirements for a supervisor/manager to discharge their relevant responsibilities are outlined and referenced below: Responsibilities Reference

obtaining, recording, and making available Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) to all workers prior to the use of a substance and keeping the MSDS close to where the substance is being used.

Chapter 2

ensuring that all containers housing hazardous materials are appropriately labelled with relevant safety information

Chapter 4

ensuring risk assessments are completed and recorded for all hazardous materials to manage occupational risks in accordance with the process outlined in this procedure

Chapter 5 Appendices 7 & 8

implementing appropriate control measures to control exposure to hazardous materials

Chapter 3

provide and maintain safety equipment or personal protective equipment that is suitable for use with hazardous materials

Chapter 4

providing appropriate monitoring and health surveillance when required

Chapter 3 Appendix 1

keeping and maintaining all relevant registers, manifests and records for all aspects of managing hazardous materials

Chapter 3 Appendices 2a & 2b

providing adequate information, instruction and training about hazardous materials for all users that may be exposed to hazardous materials in the workplace

Chapter 2

ensuring emergency plans are prepared for dealing with hazards likely to arise from significant incidents

Chapter 7

prevent access by unauthorised persons to hazardous materials stored, or handled at the workplace storage areas.

Chapter 4

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1.2.2 Workers Responsibilities

Workers at a workplace also have workplace health and safety responsibilities with respect to hazardous materials. The specific requirements are outlined and referenced below: Responsibilities Reference

being aware of the location of the Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register and MSDS for ready reference

Chapter 3

referring to the MSDS when using a chemical for the first time to ensure any precautions for use are known and followed

Chapter 2

assisting in completing risk assessments and identifying control measures prior to using hazardous chemicals


following the advice for usage based on the information given on the label and MSDS

Chapter 2

using safety equipment or personal protective equipment when required and to not wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided for workplace health and safety at the workplace

Chapter 3

advising supervisors of any faults in the control systems (e.g. faulty equipment) and any dangerous occurrences, near misses, injuries and illnesses associated with handling of hazardous materials.

Chapters 3 & 4

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1.2.3 Contractors, Visitors and Students Responsibilities

Contractors, visitors and students also have workplace health and safety responsibilities with respect to hazardous materials. The specific requirements are outlined and referenced below: Responsibilities Reference

being aware of the location of the Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register and MSDS for ready reference

Chapter 3

referring to the MSDS when using a chemical for the first time to ensure any precautions for use are known and followed

Chapter 2

assisting in completing risk assessments and identifying control measures prior to using hazardous chemicals


following the advice for usage based on the information given on the label and MSDS

Chapter 2

using safety equipment or personal protective equipment when required and to not wilfully or recklessly interfere with or misuse anything provided for workplace health and safety at the workplace

Chapter 3

advising departmental staff of any faults in the control systems (e.g. faulty equipment) and any dangerous occurrences, near misses, injuries and illnesses associated with handling of hazardous materials.

Chapters 3 & 4

contractors comply with legislative obligations including having appropriate MSDS, risk assessments, work method statements and control measures in place for work they undertake on site to ensure risks to DET communities are managed.

Chapter 3

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 2 Information, Communication and Training

1 Information, Communication and Training

Information and communication about the possible hazards as well as training in the safe use of chemicals are all important control measures to ensure the safe management and use of chemicals. Communication regarding possible hazards to the end user is central to the safe use of chemicals in workplaces. The users of chemicals and their supervisors should be trained in the safe use of chemicals to control exposure to the risks of chemicals in the workplace. It is important that all chemical users understand the different ways chemicals get into the body and what sort of effects may occur. Preventing exposure through the implementation of the most effective control measures is the best method to ensure workers minimise the risk of both acute and chronic health effects (see Appendix 1 for further information).

1.1 Sources of Information

There are a number of sources of information available for the management and safe use of chemicals. The first source of information users of chemicals will encounter is the chemical container label which by legislation must include basic identification, risk and safety information. More detailed information regarding a specific chemical is provided in a material safety data sheet (MSDS). Direct contact by telephone, e-mail or facsimile with the chemical manufacturer or supplier can usually be made through the information provided on the label or MSDS. The Workplace Health and Safety Officers, Regional Health and Safety Consultants, Institute Health and Safety Managers/Coordinators and the health and safety staff in the Organisational Health Unit can also provide advice and assistance on the management and safe use of chemicals.

1.1.1 Material Safety Data Sheets

A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a document that contains important information about a chemical and must contain:

The product name and the names of hazardous ingredients

The chemical and physical properties of the chemical

Health hazard information

Precautions for safe use and handling

The manufacturer’s or importer’s name, Australian address and telephone number.

The MSDS provides all workers with the necessary information to safely manage the risk from chemical exposure. MSDS are to be made available to workers at the point of use of the relevant chemical. Access to an MSDS can be provided in several ways including electronic MSDS databases or a hard copy. It is important that workers know how to read and interpret a MSDS. In many cases a shortened form of the MSDS is found preferable for general use, rather than the longer, more complex full version. With respect to MSDS, the supervisor/manager is to:

Obtain a MSDS for a chemical from the manufacturer or supplier

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http://education.qld.gov.au/health/contacts/hscontacts.html




Keep a register containing a list of all chemicals used at the workplace and put a copy of the MSDS in the register

Ensure that workers are aware of the location and content of the MSDS

Keep a copy of the MSDS close to where the chemical is being used

Ensure that the MSDS is no more that 5 years old.

1.1.2 ChemWatch and ChemAlert MSDS Databases

ChemWatch and ChemAlert are online databases containing information on over 1 million chemicals. ChemWatch and ChemAlert provide a number of helpful features such as production of labels, an MSDS database and a tool that assists in the organisation of chemical storage areas and the creation of chemical manifests. Used correctly it can help in the development and organisation of the chemical management system in the workplace and easily provides the basic information that is required to conduct a risk assessment for activities that include the use of chemicals. The department has an online subscription to ChemWatch that can be accessed through the Chemicals and Hazardous substances section of the Creating Healthier Workplaces website: http://full.chemwatch.net/qldedu/ Some workplaces may also have an online subscription to ChemAlert or access to other electronic MSDS databases. Where an MSDS is not accessible through the electronic MSDS databases available, chemical users can request an MSDS directly from the supplier or manufacturer of the chemical.

1.1.3 Labelling

Labelling of chemicals is a critical issue because it is the most visible hazard communication tool. The label is often the first source of information alerting users to the inherent hazards of a chemical and any instructions for its safe storage, handling and use. All containers that contain chemicals must be labelled, irrespective of the size of the container. The label on all chemical containers must be in English and contain the following:

name of the product

risk and safety phrases that give information about the chemical’s hazards

the chemical names of hazardous ingredients.

hazard pictograms (eg Dangerous Goods diamonds)

1.2 Communication and Consultation

Staff should be consulted on chemical issues which may affect their health and safety. Workers know their jobs and the risks involved and are more easily able to identify these risks and contribute to discussions related to their jobs. Consultation also provides an opportunity for staff to contribute to the decision making process and increase their commitment to the safe management of chemicals. Consultation can take place through formal processes such as the health, safety and wellbeing committee or through formal and informal discussions held between workplace management, workplace health and safety officers, workers and their workplace health and safety representatives. A primary focus of these consultative

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http://education.qld.gov.au/health/safety/hazards/substances.html

http://full.chemwatch.net/qldedu/


activities should be hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control. The formal consultative process should cover the following:

the introduction of new chemicals to the workplace (refer to Chapter 4)

the identification and assessment of risks associated with chemicals at the workplace (refer to Chapter 5)

decisions about control measures to be implemented (refer to Appendix 7)

induction and training requirements (refer to Chapter 2.3)

advice to workers with potential exposure to particular chemicals (refer to Appendix 1).

These formal consultative requirements can be addressed by ensuring chemicals management is a standing agenda item for health, safety and wellbeing committee meetings.

1.3 Training

The results of consultation and risk assessments for the use of chemicals can be used to identify and choose training methods. Training can take many forms including:

Induction – all staff working with chemicals must be provided with induction and regular refresher training, relevant to their area of work. The training must address:

nature of hazards of the chemicals and processes they are working with

normal operating procedures

control measures including the use of PPE and other safety equipment

emergency action.

Formal training – addresses specific needs of the workplace or workers and may be of a theoretical nature. Issues may cover legislative requirements, relevant information about hazardous material, use of personal protective equipment and emergency procedures

On-the-job training – covers supervised training received while actually doing the job. This form of training should be used to introduce a new/redesigned process or chemical into the workplace and the precautions for its use.

People to be trained include:

workers who may be exposed to a hazardous material at work

supervisors of workers at risk from exposure to a hazardous material

workplace health and safety committee members and workplace health and safety representative/s

workers responsible for the purchasing of chemicals, control equipment, personal protective equipment and for the designing, scheduling, organisation and layout of work

those who have direct involvement in fire or other emergency action. The extent of a training program and the amount of detail required will depend on:

the hazards associated with a substance used in the workplace

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the complexity of the work procedures

any controls, work practices and personal protective equipment required to minimise risks.

Any special needs of workers should be taken into account in deciding on the structure, content and delivery of training. These special needs may include literacy levels, work experience and specific skills required for the job. Pertinent information should be provided to all relevant people about the equipment used to prevent exposure to chemicals, such as exhaust ventilation systems. The following information should be available:

the use for which the equipment is designed

the conditions necessary for its use

results of tests that have been carried out in connection with the safe operation of the equipment.

The legislation places responsibilities on employers and to meet these responsibilities the department expects managers and supervisors to:

provide a worker who may be exposed to a hazardous material induction and ongoing training about the substance having regard to the level of risk identified in the risk assessment and the workers who may be exposed to the substance;

keep a record of the induction and training for 5 years stating the date of the session, the topics dealt with, the name of the person who conducted the session, and the names of the workers who attended.

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Appendix 1 Effects of Chemicals It is important that all chemical users understand the different ways chemicals get into the body and what sort of effects may occur to help with the safe management of chemicals. Preventing exposure through the implementation of the most effective control measures is the best method to ensure workers minimise the risk of both acute and chronic health effects. Control measures should be implemented in the following order: get rid of the harm or prevent the risk if this is not possible:

o replace with something less harmful o separate people from the harm o change work processes or the physical work environment, (e.g. by

redesigning work, plant, equipment, components or premises) o apply administrative arrangements, (e.g. limit entry or time spent in a

hazardous area) o use personal protective equipment.

Entry of chemicals into the body Chemicals will only enter the body if workers are directly exposed to the chemicals. Sufficient and adequate control measures should always be used to ensure that exposure to chemicals does not occur. Chemicals may enter the body by the following routes:

Ingestion

Ingestion is rare and is the result of unusual accidents or deliberate poisoning attempts. Small amounts of inhaled dusts may be ingested but are unlikely to cause systemic or digestive disturbances.

Inhalation

Inhalation represents the most rapid and direct route of entry because of the close association of air passages with the circulatory system, which has a surface area of between 50 and 100 square metres. The degree and rate of absorption of chemicals into the body from the respiratory system is dependent upon:

Concentration of chemical in the atmosphere. Higher concentrations increase absorption rates and degree of absorption.

Duration of exposure. Longer periods may increase the final rate of absorption and the degree of absorption.

Solubility of chemical in blood and tissue. Generally, fat soluble chemicals will be absorbed and retained in the body longer than non-fat soluble compounds.

Reactivity of chemicals. This refers to the rate at which a chemical tends to undergo a chemical reaction over time. Some chemicals may continue to be part of a chemical reaction over a long period of time and other chemicals may have a short reaction time.

Respiration rate. Increased respiration rate will normally increase the rate and degree of absorption. This is particularly important in occupational exposures

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where heavy physical exertion is required e.g. carbon monoxide in vehicle repair shops.

Particle size and shape (dust and aerosols). In general the sizes of concern range from 10 microns to less than one micron.

Skin absorption (including the eye)

Skin may provide an effective barrier to chemical contamination, a partial barrier or no barrier which could result in:

Primary or secondary irritation

Penetration and sensitisation

Penetration and corrosive damage

Penetration and absorption. The skin absorption rate is the rate at which chemicals are transported across the skin barrier and is dependent on:

Thickness and area of skin

Condition of skin; cuts, scratches, abrasions etc will aid absorption

The presence of skin structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands and sweat glands. These may provide an effective route for chemicals to cross the skin barrier.

Presence of fat soluble solvents, eg the absorption of phenol from certain paint strippers is increased by the presence of fat soluble methylene chloride in the formulation.

Temperature of chemical or solvent

Presence and amount of perspiration.

Injection

Accidental injection of chemicals and other substances such as biological material and diseases into the body is also rare. This is usually a result of a needlestick injury or exposure to work involving compressed air, gases or fluids that are forced through the skin barrier.

Removal of chemicals from the body Chemicals may be removed from a person’s body through biological processes. Excretion of chemicals may be achieved by:

Lungs removing volatile chemicals in exhaled air.

Digestive tract may pass ingested chemicals through the gastrointestinal tract and be eliminated in the faeces.

Liver metabolising chemicals to more water soluble materials and eliminating some chemicals in the bile.

Kidneys eliminating compounds in urine. Chemicals may cause damage to the kidney filtration system.

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Effects of Chemicals The effects of chemicals on people can be divided into a number of categories. The different types of effects of chemicals on people are:

Local effects

Local effects are adverse effects to the particular tissue to which the substance is exposed. Examples include:

Corrosive substances severely damage the skin and eyes.

Organic solvents can induce dermatitis

Irritant gases (chlorine, ammonia) intensely irritate the respiratory tract.

Systemic effects

Systemic effects are adverse effects on a system of the body after absorption, for example:

Lead can effect the nervous system, blood, kidneys and reproductive functions

Pesticides usually affect the nervous system.

Acute effects

Acute means the adverse effects are short lasting and develop during or soon after exposure, for example:

Irritant gases immediately irritate the eyes and respiratory tract

Excessive exposure to organic solvents can induce narcotic effects quickly i.e. headache, dizziness, unconsciousness.

“arc eye” develops within a few hours of exposure to high energy ultraviolet radiation.

Chronic effects

Chronic means the adverse effects are long lasting, if not permanent. Onset of an illness may occur soon after exposure or it may be delayed by many years. Examples include:

Asbestosis and silicosis following excessive exposure to asbestos and free silica.

Chronic renal failure after excessive exposure to lead

Chronic dermatitis from skin irritants

Lung cancer and mesothelioma from asbestos.

Monitoring and Surveillance

Monitoring

Monitoring is the sampling of the air a worker breathes at a workplace to check exposure to a hazardous material. Knowing the extent of exposure to a hazardous material is fundamental to providing adequate control against a worker breathing a contaminated atmosphere. Monitoring is performed by external organisations with specialist skills and equipment. Monitoring also requires a ‘target’ of contaminates rather than indiscriminately monitoring the environment for any contaminate. If monitoring is required, DET, as an employer, has an obligation to make sure monitoring is done as soon as possible and record the result, and ensure a worker

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who may be exposed to a hazardous material at the workplace is given a copy of the record and can inspect the record at any time. The risk assessment process for hazardous materials calls upon using information about exposure to assist in making that risk assessment. In most of the simpler cases, the extent of exposure can be gauged from observation and relevant detail from the label and MSDS. There are some instances, however, where the procedure of observing a process aided by an MSDS and a label will not provide reliable estimates of exposure. Examples include:

a respirable dust often cannot be seen

a visible dust concentration cannot be judged by eye

some airborne contaminants have no odour so their presence is undetected. Air monitoring provides a reliable estimate of exposure and is the primary means of making a comparison with exposure standards possible. Monitoring takes into consideration:

individual worker behaviour by measuring concentration of contaminants in the worker’s breathing zone

all environmental and process variables

collection of sufficient data needed to estimate any exposure level that is appropriate for that hazardous material in that work situation.

Health Surveillance

Health surveillance is the monitoring (including biological monitoring) of the health of workers to identify any changes caused by exposure to a hazardous material. Any requirement for health surveillance will be determined by the risk assessment. Monitoring can be done through the testing of body fluids such as blood and urine and body function, for example, lung function tests for workers who work with respiratory sensitisers, or an examination of the skin. There should be no situations in departmental workplaces which would result in staff requiring health surveillance.

If the chemicals requiring health surveillance (shown below) are used, workplaces should consider using alternative substances if available to remove them from the workplace. Contractors that propose the use of any of these substances while working in DET workplaces should also be strongly encouraged to use alternative products to eliminate the risk of exposure for DET staff. In accordance with section 207 of the Workplace Health and Safety Regulation 2008, health surveillance must be provided for employees who work with the hazardous materials listed below as part of their normal duties. Health surveillance is sometimes necessary to ensure worker’s ongoing health. Workers should be made aware that DET is required by law to ensure that workers exposed to a hazardous material have health surveillance, where:

it is required by legislation for exposure to that substance (see list below)

an identifiable adverse health effect has happened, or may happen under the worker’s work conditions, and valid health surveillance or biological monitoring techniques exist.

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Hazardous Substances Requiring Health Surveillance

4,4 Methylenebis (2-chloroaniline)(MOCA)

Acrylonitrile

Asbestos

Benzene

Cadmium

Creosote

Crystalline silica

Inorganic arsenic

Inorganic chromium

Inorganic mercury

Isocyanates

Organophosphate pesticides

Pentachlorophenol (PCP)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)

Thallium

Vinyl chloride If health surveillance is required by a risk assessment, the department, is required to –

arrange and pay for health surveillance that is done or supervised by a designated doctor

ask the designated doctor for a health surveillance report

ask the designated doctor to give the worker a report and an explanation of the report

obtain a worker’s medical record only with the worker’s written consent

disclose the contents of the worker’s medical record only with the worker’s written consent.

Contact your Regional/Institute Health and Safety Consultant to determine the necessary health surveillance measures.

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 3 Record Keeping

1 Documents and Records

The following documents must be part of workplace management practices for chemicals. The documents are either a specific regulatory requirement or required through legislation to show how the exposure to risk of injury or illness for workers using chemicals in the workplace is managed.

1.1 Chemical Risk Assessments

All chemicals that are designated as a hazardous material must have an assessment of the risk of exposure to users for each particular application of the hazardous material if there is more than one distinct application. The outcomes of the risk assessment must be documented, incorporated into safe work procedures and the risk control measures implemented by responsible persons (refer to Chapter 5 and Appendix 7 for further information).

1.2 Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register

Certain information about the hazardous materials stored, handled and used in the workplace must be recorded in a Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register (see Appendix 2a & 2b) and made available to relevant persons when requested. This information is essential for the health and safety of emergency services workers responding to emergency situations that may involve chemicals in the workplace. Material Safety Data Sheets must be obtained for each chemical listed in the Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register. Keep a copy of the MSDS with the Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register and a second copy close to where the chemicals are used. MSDS must be less than 5 years old.

1.3 Safe Work Procedures

Safe work procedures should be developed for all activities involving hazardous materials. These procedures should be based on the outcomes of the risk assessments, information on labels and in MSDS, operator experience and industry practice. Chemical users and their supervisors should be trained in the requirements of the work procedures.

1.4 Maintenance Records

Any equipment operated in the use of chemicals should be well maintained to ensure safe operation by the user. Records should be kept of any maintenance and repairs performed on the equipment. Refer to the departmental procedures, ESM-PR-002: Equipment Management for Schools or ESM-PR-003: Equipment Management for Business Units, for further information on proper maintenance of equipment.

1.5 Training Records

Records of any training conducted for chemical users and other persons in the workplace should be maintained by the workplace. The records must contain all the relevant information about the delivered training including the date of the session, the topics dealt with, the name of the person who conducted the session, and the names

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of the workers who attended. Training records must be kept for a minimum of 5 years.

1.6 Monitoring and Health Surveillance Records

The use of certain chemicals may require monitoring of the users environment during the use of the chemical or surveillance of the health of the users of the chemical at regular intervals (refer to Appendix 1 for further information). The monitoring and surveillance records must be maintained at the workplace. Consider the use of alternative chemicals to avoid the need for monitoring and surveillance of exposed workers.

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Appendix 2a Form 1 - Sample Hazardous Substance/ Dangerous Goods Register

Chemical Quantity Room Hazardous Substance

DG Class Sub. Risk Group

Packaging Code Hazchem MSDS

Methylated Spirits 10L J2 Yes 3 None II 2[S]E 2007

Nitric acid 5L C1 Yes 8 5 II 2PE 2004

Sodium nitrate 200g H5 Yes 5 None III 1[T] 2005

Phenol 500g S18 Yes 6.1 (a) None II 2X 2004

Hazardous Substance/Dangerous Goods Register can be used to list all

chemicals

Quantity containers can

hold – not quantity in

them. Requirement for

inventory purposes.

To help with inventory needs.

Is the chemical a hazardous

substance? See the MSDS.

Dangerous Goods Class –

see MSDS

Where the chemical has a second, lesser

hazardous property

The Code is divided into three groups in decreasing order of hazard by numerals:

I (great danger)

II (medium danger) III (minor danger)

The emergency action code

used by emergency services in

fighting chemical

fires.

Material Safety Data Sheet – whether you

have one & what is the date of

issue – must be less than 5 years

old.

Remember: Not all hazardous substances are dangerous goods and vice versa. However some may be both.

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Appendix 2b Form 2 - Hazardous Substance/Dangerous Goods Register

Chemical Quantity Room Hazardous Substance

DG Class Sub. Risk Group

Packaging Code Hazchem MSDS

Hazardous Substance/Dangerous Goods Register can be used to list all

chemicals

Quantity containers can

hold – not quantity in

them. Requirement for

inventory purposes.

To help with inventory needs.

Is the chemical a hazardous

substance? See the MSDS.

Dangerous Goods Class –

see MSDS

Where the chemical has a second, lesser

hazardous property

The Code is divided into three groups in decreasing order of hazard by numerals:

I (great danger) II (medium danger) III (minor danger)

The emergency action code

used by emergency services in

fighting chemical

fires.

Material Safety Data Sheet – whether you

have one & what is the date of

issue – must be less than 5 years

old.

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 4 Purchasing, Storage and Handling

1 Working with Chemicals

When working with chemicals it is essential to be aware that they have the potential to cause injury or damage in many different ways. However, injury and damage is not an automatic consequence of the use of chemicals, provided appropriate control measures are developed that take account of all of the hazards of the chemicals and the potential exposures to them.

1.1 Purchasing

The following points should be considered prior to the purchase of a chemical in a departmental workplace:

Choose the safest chemical for the application by collecting information, consulting with staff who may be required to use the chemical, reading the MSDS and conducting risk assessments before the purchase is made;

Purchase chemicals in small workable amounts to reduce the risks associated with bulk storage, decanting and waste due to surplus stock or storage past expiry dates;

Request a copy of the latest MSDS for the chemical from the supplier and ensure that a copy of the MSDS is available for the users of the chemical at the location of use;

The quantity and type of waste produced;

New equipment associated with the use of chemicals and maintenance requirements;

Any identified controls should be put in place prior to the purchase of a new chemical; and

Do not purchase any chemicals prohibited or not recommended by Queensland legislation or the department. Persons responsible for purchasing chemicals should be familiar with the list of prohibited chemicals in Appendix 3.

1.2 Storage and Handling

Proper chemical storage is required to minimize the hazards associated with leaks, spills, and accidental mixing of incompatible chemicals. Only the minimum quantities of chemicals to allow efficient operation should be stored in departmental workplaces. The quantities of hazardous materials should be kept to a minimum, commensurate with their usage and shelf life. Some chemicals degrade in storage and can become more hazardous (e.g. chloroform can produce phosgene gas from prolonged storage). When handling and storing chemicals, the following precautions should be observed:

ensure chemical containers and their seals or stoppers are appropriate for the type and quantity of chemical stored. As far as is practicable, chemicals should be stored in the containers in which they are supplied

all packages in storage shall be labelled to allow unmistakable identification of the contents

storage of chemicals, including wastes, shall be based on the properties and mutual reactivities of the chemicals. Incompatible chemicals shall be kept segregated from one another (e.g. by fire isolation in a chemical storage cabinet

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or segregation in space). Refer to the Chemical Compatibility and Segregation Requirements in Appendix 5 for further information

containers shall be kept closed when not in use. Packages should only be opened in a well-ventilated area, and, if their contents are flammable, away from any potential ignition sources

where possible, store chemicals on spill trays on shelves or within cabinets and storage rooms

chemicals should be stored in such a manner that leaks cannot affect other substances in the store. Liquids should not be stored above powders and solids

packages shall be inspected regularly to ensure their integrity. Leaking or damaged packages shall be removed to a safe area for repacking or disposal. Labels shall be reattached or replaced, as necessary, to clearly identify the contents of the package

procedures shall be established to deal with clean up and safe disposal of spillages. Supplies and materials needed to control the spillages shall be readily accessible

chemicals should be stored away from any heating and ignition sources

chemicals which are unstable at ambient temperature shall be kept in a controlled temperature environment set to maintain an appropriate temperature range. Reliable alternative safety measures shall be provided for situations when utilities, such as power, fail

chemicals that can present additional hazards on heating or are dependent on a stabilising agent to maintain the stability of the chemical shall be clearly identified

sunlight can affect some plastic containers or the chemical contents. Containers or chemicals that can be affected shall not be stored in a location where they can be exposed to direct sunlight

chemicals must not be stored with foodstuffs or personal use products

chemicals must not be stored in food/drink containers or containers that are easily mistaken as food/drink containers.

containers that have held hazardous materials shall be treated as full, unless the receptacle or package has been rendered free from hazardous materials

regularly review the chemicals held in storage and correctly dispose of those no longer required

housekeeping standards for chemical storage areas must be maintained at a high level, in particular keeping areas free of combustible materials and promptly cleaning up any spilled materials

after handling chemicals, hands should be washed prior to eating or drinking.

1.3 Physical Requirements

Where available, chemicals should be stored in a specifically designed enclosed space, such as chemical storage cabinets or chemical storage rooms. Where locations were not designed and built for use with the particular hazardous materials, additional care is required to ensure suitability and that risks are controlled. The surfaces on which chemicals are to be stored should:

Be resistant to attack from stored chemicals; and Not react dangerously with stored chemicals.

22


Minor quantities of hazardous materials may be stored on open shelves or work benches. However, as storage in an enclosed space provides a higher level of protection, it is recommended that the quantities stored in the open are kept to a minimum. Where containers are kept on shelves in work areas, the shelves should be wider than the containers to be stored on them. Larger and heavier containers should be kept at about one metre from the floor to avoid the need for difficult bending to retrieve them, or the increased risk of their falling if placed on higher shelves. When storing chemicals on shelves or racks ensure:

shelving and it’s fixtures are compatible with the goods stored, or suitably protected from the goods

the maximum holding capacity of the shelving systems is not exceeded

shelves used for chemical storage are restrained against lateral movement and have lips on them to prevent containers being pushed off the shelves.

It is recommended that chemical storage cabinets or chemical storage rooms are used for the storage of dangerous goods. All chemical storage cabinets and rooms should have the following attributes:

lockable to prevent unauthorised entry into the store and use of the chemicals; the number of access keys should be limited to those workers that use the chemicals in the store. Security of outdoor storages for gas bottles etc. is also to prevent unauthorised access and use

bunding (a physical perimeter to prevent the escape of fluids) to contain any spills or leaks, prevent environmental contamination and enable chemical recovery or disposal.

good lighting and ventilation for the comfort and safety of the user, and clear bench space for decanting, mixing, cleaning etc.

When determining the location of chemical storage cabinets: ensure that within a radius of 10 metres, measured from any one cabinet, the

cabinet storage capacity aggregated for all cabinets in that radius does not exceed 250L or 250kg.

the radius is to be measured horizontally through intervening walls, unless those walls are able to prevent the spreading of a fire of the magnitude that could be expected to result from the contents of the cabinet/s.

Cabinets are not to be located: one above the other

where they can jeopardize emergency escape (a minimum of 3 metres is recommended between any cabinet and escape door)

under stairs or in corridors

closer than 3 metres to ignition sources other than ceiling lights. Impervious bunds are to be provided to prevent the spread of product arising from a spill or leakage. This is most important in order to prevent the spread of fire or other

23


hazardous condition, and to prevent environmental damage caused by spread to adjacent water courses or drains. Bunding should be able to contain 100% of the largest chemical container within the bunded area and at least 25% of all containers stored within the bunded area. The need for bunding will be determined by

the level of risk at the storage site

the type of storage facility

the type and amount of liquid being stored

the ability to prevent spills and leaks

the sensitivity of the environment

the type of drainage. It is also good practice to provide bunding for all chemicals stored irrespective of the size of the containers. For practicality, the bunding for small quantities could be:

a plastic bag around a small bottle (short term application)

a sheet metal tray with or without a plastic liner

a sheet metal tray with absorbent material

a plastic tray with a liner or absorbent material.

1.4 Separation and Segregation

Separation is the isolation of hazardous materials from people and other property, including other hazardous materials. Physical separation is the principal method by which such risks are controlled. Separation fulfils a dual purpose: protecting other personnel from the hazardous materials; and protecting the hazardous materials from unwanted access. The use of distance, effective barriers (such as fire rated walls or vapour barriers) or a combination of both may achieve separation. Incompatible classes of chemicals must be segregated to prevent any dangerous reactions. Segregation may be achieved by the use of an impervious barrier or by a separation distance sufficient to prevent contamination. Detailed information is provided in Appendix 5 to assist with determining chemical incompatibilities and the most appropriate storage requirements. The MSDS is another source of information for determining which classes of chemicals are not compatible when stored together. The users of chemicals must take all reasonable steps to ensure that the chemicals stored on site do not present a risk to health and safety at the workplace by using the separation and segregation principles to minimise the risk of adverse chemical reactions.

1.5 Labelling and Decanting

Labelling of chemicals is a critical issue because it is the most visible hazard communication tool. The label is often the first source of information alerting users to the inherent hazards of a chemical and any instructions for its safe storage, handling and use. All containers that contain chemicals must be labelled, irrespective of the size of the container. The label on all chemical containers must be in English and contain the following:

full name of the product

24


risk and safety phrases that give information about the chemical’s hazards

the chemical names of hazardous ingredients.

hazard pictograms (eg Dangerous Goods diamonds) A container that has had chemicals decanted into it must be labelled if the contents are not used immediately. If the chemicals are to remain in the container for some time, the container must be labelled with at least the name of the chemical and the relevant risk and safety phrases and dangerous goods diamonds where applicable. ChemWatch, ChemAlert and similar chemical MSDS databases can assist with the production of labels that satisfy these requirements. If the container into which the hazardous substance is decanted is small, it may not provide sufficient room for label information. In this case, the label should be attached to a supporting device or container. For example, in the case of a test tube, the label may be attached to the test tube rack. Alternatively, a tag with the required label information affixed to the container may also be used. Other considerations when decanting a chemical into another container are:

only decant a chemical if it is necessary to do so

choose a container that will not react with the chemical

do not decant into food or drink containers

only decant sufficient chemical for the immediate use on an individual job. If a container is not labelled and the contents of the container unknown mark the container with: “Caution do not use – unknown substance”. The container should then be stored in a safe area, away from other substances where it cannot be used, until its contents can be identified and the container appropriately labelled. If the contents cannot be identified, the container should be disposed of following the processes outlined in Chapter 6 in this guideline.

1.6 Storage Placarding (Signage)

If the quantities of chemicals stored at a site are below the threshold limits defined in Appendix 6, the workplace is considered to be a Minor Storage Location. These storages are not required to have any placarding in accordance with the relevant legislation. It is recommended that workplaces (other that those with large storage facilities) reduce the quantities of stored chemicals to ensure the sites chemical quantities are below the threshold storage limits. A workplace that stores quantities that exceed the thresholds is considered to be a “Dangerous Goods Location” and will require specific placarding in accordance with the legislation. For further information on placarding requirements, refer to Appendix 6. If a particular workplace is unsure about the requirements for placarding, contact the Regional Health and Safety Consultants, Institute Health and Safety Managers/Coordinators and the health and safety staff in the Organisational Health Unit for assistance. Placarding assists emergency services respond appropriately and safely to emergencies at Dangerous Goods Locations as it serves to:

alert emergency services to the presence of hazardous materials

25





identify areas where significant quantities of hazardous materials in packages are stored

identify the hazards of goods present

indicate the required emergency actions through the use of the HAZCHEM code.

1.7 Transport of Flammable Liquids and Gas

Officers in Charge should manage the following three factors to ensure that staff (e.g. schools officers and grounds maintenance staff) can safely transport fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in their private vehicles: Transport of dangerous goods requirements Workplace health and safety factors Private vehicle insurance.

1.7.1 Transport of Dangerous Goods Legislation

The legal quantity limits for transporting dangerous goods such as flammable liquids and gases in a private vehicle for private use are quite considerable (See Specific Legislative Requirements further in this document). However it is important that all risks associated with transporting dangerous goods are managed to minimise the potential for injuries or illnesses including manual handling. It is strongly recommended that: less than 40 kg/litres of fuel and/or less than 40 kg/litres of gas should be

transported in a private vehicle at any time unless there are lesser limits imposed by any particular vehicle insurance policy

the goods are packaged and transported appropriately in containers designed for the particular product (e.g. fuel tanks or gas bottles marked with the relevant Australian Standard).

1.7.2 Transporting LPG Cylinders in Enclosed Vehicles

Transporting LPG cylinders in enclosed vehicles poses significant additional risks. Officers in Charge should ensure staff adopt the following requirements: For enclosed vehicles a person must not carry a cylinder of more than 30L

(16kg) in size 9kg cylinders or larger gas cylinders can only be transported in enclosed vehicles

for the purposes of getting the cylinder refilled (or exchanged). In addition no more than two cylinders may be transported at the one time

When transporting LPG cylinders make sure the cylinder is stored securely in an upright position (so it cannot fall over or become a projectile), is placed in the boot/tray rather than the passenger cabin, and in a way that avoids excess exposure to sunlight or heat.

Also check that: the service valve is turned off the safety relief valve is positioned so that any gas release will not impinge on

another cylinder the cylinder has a current test date (no more than 10 years) there is screw plug in the cylinder outlet when not in use.

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1.7.3 Workplace Health & Safety Obligations - Workplace Health & Safety Act 1995

Although departmental staff are not technically be required to comply with transport regulations regarding stowage of fuel and LPG because of the relatively small volumes that will be transported, as with any load, a person driving a vehicle should ensure that the load is secure. This will require any load to be restrained so that it will not tip over and spill its contents as a result of normal vehicle operation or an accident. The load is to be carried outside the passenger cab of the vehicle. That is it must be secured in the luggage boot, open tray of a utility or in a trailer being towed by a vehicle.

Workplaces should be conducting risk assessments to ensure that the best practice possible is being used for this activity. For example consideration of quantities purchased and stowed, vehicle used, securing the load, manual handling of the goods to load and unload etc. The risks may be eliminated by organising for the delivery of fuels/gases.

Staff should obtain the written approval of, or direction, from their officer in charge to purchase the fuel and to transport it in their personal vehicle. This will provide documentation confirming both the work activity and the transport method. Similar to any other work task, should an injury occur during this activity the staff member will be afforded protection under the department’s workers’ compensation policy.

1.7.4 Insurance

Staff who use their private vehicle to undertake official duties are to be paid a motor vehicle allowance (refer to Public Service Directive – Motor Vehicle Allowances for further information). Staff are entitled to claim a Kilometric Allowance in accordance with this directive and departmental policy. Staff should obtain written approval from their supervisor/officer in charge prior to using their private vehicle for work related duties. Before getting this authorisation, staff are to: ensure that the vehicle is covered by either a comprehensive motor vehicle

insurance policy or a third party property damage insurance policy produce evidence that the insurance policy has been endorsed to indemnify the

Queensland Government against certain liabilities at law. This is a standard endorsement available on request from all insurance companies. Staff are also required to provide a Certificate of Currency for the motor vehicle insurance policy.

The insurance company may charge a fee to supply this endorsement. The Public Service Directive also states that the department should refund any endorsement fees that might be charged by an insurance company.

Staff are to seek advice from their own insurer regarding the type and amount of cover in their current insurance policies. Each staff member is to confirm whether:

their policies cover use of their personal vehicle for work purposes

the effect an accident would have on any no claim bonus

the extent of cover if the vehicle is involved in an incident while being used for work

the extent of cover if fuels being transported explode or burst into flames.

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1.7.5 Specific Legislative Requirements

The Transport Operations (Road Use Management—Dangerous Goods) Regulation 1998 provides the following information with regard to the issue of staff carrying containers of fuel and LPG in their personal vehicle for use at the workplace in departmental machinery and equipment.

s11 Transport of small quantities

This regulation does not apply to the transport by a person of a load of dangerous goods by road if: (a) the goods are packaged dangerous goods (e.g. more than 400 litres/kg of specified goods) (b) the goods are not, and do not include, designated dangerous goods (c) the aggregate quantity of the dangerous goods in the load is less than 25% of a placard load (d) the goods are not being transported by the person in the course of a business of transporting goods by road. In this section, designated dangerous goods means dangerous goods of class 1 (except of class 1.4S), class 6.2 or class 7. A Queensland Transport document “Transporting Dangerous Goods – Guide to new requirements” offers the following guidance: “A person who is not in the business of transporting dangerous goods by road may transport for personal or business use up to 25% of a placard load of dangerous goods without being subject to the regulations covering dangerous goods. Examples of this could include • a boat owner transporting fuel for power boat use • a pool owner transporting chlorine home from the supermarket • a salesperson transporting chemical samples • a painter transporting paint for trade use • a plumber transporting an oxy set for trade use. But remember: any person transporting dangerous goods still has a duty to do so carefully and safely.” Staff are extremely unlikely to purchase and transport fuel in large quantities or greater than 25% of a placard load (250 kg/litres for flammable gas or PG I products or 1000 kg/litres of any other dangerous goods like fuels). They are therefore exempt from the regulations of transporting dangerous goods under this condition.

s123 Driver’s duty

A person must not drive a vehicle transporting dangerous goods by road if the person knows, or reasonably ought to know, the goods are not stowed on the vehicle and secured as stated in the Australian Dangerous Goods (ADG) Code. The ADG Code is a national standard on road and rail transport of dangerous goods in Australia. More information is also provided in the Safe Transportation of LPG cylinders provided by Department of Mines and Energy: http://www.dme.qld.gov.au/zone_files/petroleum_pdf/info_cylindertransport.pdf

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http://www.dme.qld.gov.au/zone_files/petroleum_pdf/info_cylindertransport.pdf


Appendix 3 Prohibited Chemicals in Departmental Workplaces A number of chemicals are banned from purchase and use in departmental workplaces because of their inherent risks to staff, students and others. The prohibited chemicals are listed by occupation or student groups.

All Staff

Asbestos containing materials CCA treated timber

Schools Officers (EQ schools)

Schedule 6 poisons Schedule 7 poisons Organophosphate pesticides Creosote 2,4-D based herbicides

Cleaners (EQ Schools)

Bleach School Cleaners must only use chemicals listed on the preferred supplier agreement provided by the department (i.e. chemicals ordered by each site through the relevant regional based School Cleaning Advisor). If a worksite wishes to purchase a chemical that is not on preferred supplier agreement list, the worksite must obtain approval from the relevant regional based School Cleaning Advisor.

Students (EQ Schools)

Potassium chlorate in the preparation of oxygen with manganese dioxide as a catalyst (potentially explosive) Benzene Carbon tetrachloride A number of other substances pose potentially major risks and schools should consider very carefully whether the curriculum relevance of experiments and demonstrations involving these substances is sufficient to warrant their being stocked. In such cases, minimum quantities should be obtained, stored and used. Such substances include:

mercury (Mercury might be required for some senior chemistry and physics experiments/ demonstrations (e.g. manometers/barometers), and mercury thermometers might be necessary for senior classes, but generally the use of mercury should be limited. Primary and lower secondary students can use alcohol thermometers or digital devices in most circumstances)

mercuric salts and the salts of other heavy metals

very strong oxidising agents (e.g. sodium dithionite)

very strong reducing agents (e.g. ferrocyanide)

very strong caustic/corrosive agents (e.g. perchloric acid)

very toxic substances (e.g. ammonium dichromate).

29


Refer to ‘Aspects of Science: A reference manual for schools’ for further information regarding the management of chemicals in school science laboratories. See Chapter 6 for disposal information.

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http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/healthsafety/aspects-science-mgmt.pdf


Appendix 4 Dangerous Goods Classification Dangerous Goods are chemicals that have the potential to present an immediate threat to people, property or the environment. They are classified into nine categories according to the predominant type of hazard. The Dangerous Goods classifications are:

Class 1 Explosives - substances that contain a great amount of stored energy that can produce an explosion, a sudden expansion of the material after initiation, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure. Examples are ammunition, fireworks, detonators.

Class 2 Gases - may be lighter or heavier than air. Heavier than air gases can collect in low lying areas such as pits, depressions, and drains. Gases can be supplied as either compressed (e.g. aerosols), liquefied, refrigerated liquefied or gas in solutions. This class has 3 divisions:

Division 2.1 – flammable gases i.e. butane, propane, acetylene, hydrogen, LPG Division 2.2 – non-flammable, non-toxic gases i.e. oxygen, nitrogen,

compressed air Division 2.3 – toxic gases i.e. chlorine, ammonia, carbon monoxide

Class 3 Flammable liquids - Flammable liquids produce vapour that can be ignited in air on contact with a suitable ignition source. By definition these must have a flash point of less than or equal to 60.5 degrees Celsius. Examples are petrol and alcohol, acetone, thinners, kerosene.

Class 4 Flammable solids - substances liable to spontaneous combustion and substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases. This class has 3 divisions:

Division 4.1 – flammable solids such as hexamine solid fuel tablets for camping stoves, self-reactive substances and desensitised explosives, magnesium, metal powders, sulphur, activated charcoal.

Division 4.2 – substances liable to spontaneous combustion under normal conditions such as Phosphorus which burns by itself when exposed to air, sodium sulphide

Division 4.3 – substances which come in contact with water emit flammable gases i.e. “Dangerous when wet”. Examples are sodium, zinc particles, calcium carbide, alkali metals etc.

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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosion

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressure


Class 5.1 Oxidising substances - substances which in themselves are not necessarily combustible, but which by yielding oxygen may cause or contribute to the combustion of other material. Examples are pool chlorine, sodium peroxide, potassium permanganate, ammonium nitrate fertiliser.

Class 5.2 Organic peroxides - organic chemicals containing the peroxy group (-OO-). These are thermally unstable substances which may undergo heat generating, self accelerating decomposition – which may be explosive, rapid, sensitive to impact or friction or react dangerously with other substances. Examples are hydrogen peroxide and methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP).

Class 6.1 Toxic substances - those substances which are liable to cause death or injury if swallowed, inhaled or absorbed through the skin. Examples are pesticides and poisons such as cyanide, paraquat and arsenic compounds.

Class 6.2 infectious substances - those substances known or reasonably expected to contain pathogens including bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi, clinical or medical waste.

Class 7 Radioactive material – those substances that contain unstable (radioactive) atoms that give off [ionizing] radiation as they decay i.e. uranium, tritium, thorium.

Class 8 Corrosives - substances capable of causing the degradation and destruction of

living tissue, steel and other materials on contact. In the event of a leakage, corrosives can cause severe damage when in contact with living tissue or materially damage other property. Corrosive materials are either acids or bases/alkalis. Examples are nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, caustic soda, liquid chlorine, mercury and car batteries.

Class 9 Miscellaneous - comprises substances and articles that present a danger not

offered by other classes, including asbestos, magnetic articles, molten bitumen, dry ice (Solid carbon dioxide).

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http://www.greenfacts.org/glossary/pqrs/radioactivity.htm

http://www.greenfacts.org/glossary/pqrs/radiation.htm

http://www.greenfacts.org/glossary/pqrs/radioactive-decay.htm


Appendix 5 Chemical Compatibility and Segregation Requirements

Application

This tool is only intended for use in workplaces where dangerous goods are stored. It is not intended for transport situations where the Australian Dangerous Goods (ADG) Code should apply. It is not intended for application against open (in use) packages kept on a shelf or bench top within a laboratory, workshop or similar situation. The segregation chart is provided to assist occupiers of storage locations to better minimise the risk of storing incompatible goods. Radioactive materials (class 7) and explosives (class 1) should be deemed incompatible with all other dangerous goods.

Directions for use

Identify if the material is a dangerous goods or combustible liquid. A combustible liquid has a flashpoint above 61 degrees Celsius using the MSDS/label.

Identify the class, subsidiary risk and packing group (where relevant) of each of the two dangerous goods you intend to store together.

Where goods are also combustible liquids this should be regarded as a "subsidiary risk" for consideration.

Use the chart below to ensure that the goods and or combustible liquids are compatible by aligning where the vertical and horizontal axis meet, (see key).

Check and repeat this process for any subsidiary risks that either of the goods may have.

It is recommended that an MSDS be consulted to ensure the materials are compatible. Goods with different UN numbers within the same class may be incompatible.

Follow directions provided using the compatibility chart key, checking all guidance notes and supplementary notes.

Where goods are incompatible consider greater separation if the packing group is PG I or II irrespective of the symbol used to account for the higher level of danger.

Compatible goods

Two or more goods are compatible provided that their interaction does not give rise to any of the following outcomes: Harm to persons, property or the environment. Fire, or explosion, generation of toxic, flammable or corrosive vapours/gases. Accelerate the combustion of other goods/liquids in the event of fire. Release of the contents results in the premature degradation/corrosion of other

dangerous goods or combustible liquids' packaging/means of containment. During the event of a fire/spill/release, the interaction of dangerous

goods/combustible liquids with incompatible fire fighting or dispersal media. Some materials are water reactive and should be stored away from other

33


goods that are reliant on water or foam as a fire fighting/dispersal/suppression media).

Compatibility chart key

Symbol Meaning

May be compatible in many cases with exceptions. Follow the alphabetical compatible goods guidance notes.

Likely to be incompatible. Segregation strongly recommended, follow the segregation of guidance notes for incompatible goods.

Table 1 - Compatibility and segregation chart

Class of goods

2.1 2.2 2.2 SR 5.1

2.3 3 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 8 9 Combustibleliquids

2.1 A B

S1

S1

S2

S2

S4

S5

S2

S4

S1

S1

C S2

2.2 B A B

S1

S2

S2

S4

S5

B

S4

B S1

C S2

2.2 SR 5.1

S1

B

B

S1

S2

S2

S4

S5

S2

S4

C

S1

C S2

2.3 S1

S1

S1

I S2

S2

S4

S5

S2

S4

C

S1

C S2

3 S2

S2

S2

S2

A S3

S4

S5

S2

S4

S3

B B B

4.1 S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

A

S4

S5

S2

S4

S3

B B S2

4.2 S4

S4

S4

S4

S4

S4

A

S5

S4

S4

S4

B B S4

4.3 S5

S5

S5

S5

S5

S5

S5

A

S5

S5

S5

S5

G S5

5.1 S2

B

S2

S2

S2

S2

S4

S5

D

S4

C

S3

C S3

5.2 S4

S4

S4

S4

S4

S4

S4

S5

S4

E CE

S4

CE S4

6.1 S1

B C C

S3

S3

S4

S5

C CE

A H B S3

8 S1

S1

S1

S1

B B B

S5

S3

S4

H F C S3

9 C C C C B B B G

C CE

B C A B

Combustible liquids

S2

S2

S2

S2

B S2

S4

S5

S3

S4

S3

S3

B A

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Segregation guidance notes for incompatible goods

S1 Segregate these goods by 3m or more in a well ventilated area. For liquid dangerous goods the distance is measured from the edge of the spill catchment area. See supplementary notes 6 and 7.

S2 Segregate by 5 m or more. If one of the dangerous goods is a liquid, measure the distance from the edge of the spill catchment area. Liquid dangerous goods should be located within a separate spill catchment area. See supplementary notes 6 and 7.

S3 Segregate by 3 m or more for PG III goods and 5m or more for PG II, PG I goods or where the goods may react dangerously. If both are solids then a minimum of 1m separation may be used. Where one of the goods is a liquid the distance is measured from the edge of the spill catchment area. See supplementary notes 6 and 7.

S4 Segregation preferred by the use of fire-rated partitioned areas. Consider use of separate detached building for organic peroxides and for highly pyrophoric class 4.2 goods.

S5 Segregation of class 4.3 preferred by use of a separate, detached building without water based fire suppression system.

Compatible goods guidance notes

A. In most cases materials of the same class will be compatible. However, not all materials with different UN Numbers will always be compatible. The MSDS should be checked.

B. In many cases the goods will be compatible. Must check for subsidiary risk compatibility. Please check the MSDS.

C. If one of the goods present is also a "fire risk substance" (one of class 2.1, 3, 4, 5, a combustible liquid or has a subsidiary risk of one of these) or elevated temperature goods, segregation is required by at least 3 m or more. Sub-risk MUST be considered. Check the MSDS.

D. Not all class 5.1 goods are compatible as follows:

o Ammonium nitrate is not compatible with tetranitromethane, dichloroisocyanuric acid, any bromate, chlorate, chlorite, hypochlorites, or chloroisocyanurate, or any inorganic nitrate; and

o Calcium hypochlorite (and its mixtures) are incompatible with dichloroisocyanuric acid, ammonium nitrate, or any chloroisocyanurate.

E. Organic peroxides are highly reactive materials. Please check the MSDS to ensure compatibility.

F. Where one of the goods to be stored together is a concentrated strong acid and the other a concentrated strong alkali, they should be deemed incompatible.

G. Class 4.3 goods must not be stored next to goods that are in a solution containing water, or where water or foam is the chosen fire fighting/spill/leak dispersal or suppression media for the storage.

H. Except where the class 6.1 is cyanide and the class 8 an acid. Please check the MSDS.

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I. Toxic gases ammonia and chlorine must be segregated due to risk of explosion. It is important to refer to the MSDS for incompatibilities within this class division. It is strongly recommended that each different toxic gas (Class 2.3) be segregated unless information in the MSDS says otherwise.

Supplementary notes for use with segregation tool

1. Class 2 dangerous goods are generally not recommended to be stored with any other class of dangerous goods particularly flammable dangerous goods due to the risk of flame impingement. Corrosive goods can cause damage to the gas cylinder walls and thus should be kept away from class 2. In a fire gas cylinders need to have copious quantities of water applied to keep them cool. Toxic gases are stored away from other gases to minimise the release of toxic gases in a fire.

2. Class 6.1 dangerous goods are not recommended to be stored with fire risk goods or gas cylinders. In the event of a fire, the toxic material will be liberated and may be spread more effectively due to the heat of the fire or explosion of gas cylinders.

3. Two or more goods within the same class with incompatible subsidiary risk should be kept apart.

4. The packing group (PG) of dangerous goods denotes the magnitude of danger the material poses from its hazard. PGI is most dangerous. PG II these are more dangerous than PG III. If one of the incompatible materials is a PGI or II dangerous goods it is recommended that a greater segregation distance or other means of segregation is employed.

5. If class 4.3 dangerous goods are stored or handled care needs to be taken to segregate these away from all containers of aqueous (water containing) solutions even if the solutions are not dangerous goods. The areas these materials are stored in must not be serviced by a water based fire suppression system.

6. If one of the incompatible goods is a liquid OR a solid that is likely to melt from the heat of a fire, separate spill catchment systems or means of separating the incompatible goods must be considered. Solid dangerous goods should not be stored in direct contact with floor surface to avoid contact with liquids.

7. Fire rated walls constructed of appropriate impervious, chemically resistant materials may be used if provided with an FRL of 240/240/240. Timber structures are not appropriate barriers.

8. In the case of incompatible gases in cylinders intended for use in welding (such as acetylene and oxygen), these gases may be stored together in a purpose built cradle and separated when not in use for extended periods of time.

9. For oxidizing agents: although only dangerous goods and combustible liquids feature in the compatibility chart care must also be taken to segregate oxidizers from those dangerous goods and other materials that are combustible in nature (e.g. polymeric beads, cotton bales, excess packing materials). Chlorine and some other halogens are considered potent oxidizers even though their class and assigned with any oxidizing agent subsidiary risk under the dangerous goods classification system.

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Appendix 6 Placarding Thresholds for a Dangerous Goods

Minor Storage This table is to be used to determine if a departmental workplace is considered to be a dangerous goods minor storage or a dangerous goods location under the Dangerous Goods Safety Management legislation. A departmental workplace may be required to implement considerable administrative measures if the storage thresholds for a dangerous goods minor storage are exceeded.

Item Stated dangerous goods or

combustible liquids Packaging Group Threshold Quantities

1 Class 2

Class 2.1

Class 2.2 - Subsidiary Risk 5.1

Class 2.2 – Other

Class 2.3

Aerosols

Cryogenic Fluids

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

Not Applicable

500 L

2 000 L

5 000 L

50 L

5 000 L

1 000 L

I 50 kg or L

II 250 kg or L

III 1 000 kg or L

2 Any one of class 3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1 or 8

Mixed Packaging groups in a single class with the quantity of each packaging group below the quantity specified for the packaging group.

1 000 kg or L

II 1 000 kg or L

III 5 000 kg or L

3 Class 9

Mixed packaging groups in class 9 with the quantity of each packaging group below the quantity specified for the packaging group.

5 000 kg or L

4(a) Mixed classes of stated dangerous goods where none of the classes, types or packaging groups (if any) present exceeds the quantities specified in items 1, 2 and 3 of this table.

Not Applicable 2 000 kg or L

Where the quantity specified in this schedule for each of the classes is 2 000 kg or L or less.

4(b) Mixed classes of stated dangerous goods where none of the classes, types or packaging groups (if any) present exceeds the quantities specified in items 1, 2 and 3 of this table.


Where the quantity specified in this schedule for the one or more of the classes is 5 000 kg or L and placarding is not required for Items 1, 2, 3 and 4(a).

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5 Goods too dangerous to be transported

Not Applicable 5 kg or L

6 Combustible liquids with fire risk dangerous goods


Includes both C1 and C2

7 C1 combustible liquids Not Applicable 10 000 L in a tank

50 000 L in packages

50 000 L in tanks and packages combined provided the quantity of the C1s in the tanks does not exceed 10 000 L

If a departmental workplace stores chemicals in quantities greater than the threshold quantities for a dangerous goods minor storage, the workplace must determine the dangerous goods location placarding requirements using the steps shown below.

Determining Dangerous Goods Location Placarding Requirements

Step 1 Conduct a survey of all chemicals at the workplace

This step should be done at the same time as the survey of chemicals during the risk assessment process.

Step 2 Determine their dangerous goods classifications

Refer to the MSDS and chemical container labels for information on whether the chemical has a dangerous goods classification. The classification is usually depicted by a coloured diamond symbol and numerical descriptor.

Step 3 Determine compliance with storage thresholds

Total all surveyed quantities of dangerous goods within each classification and compare to the threshold limits in Table 1. If the stored quantities do not exceed the threshold limits, the workplace is considered to be a Minor Storage Location and is not subject to any further legislative requirements under the Dangerous Goods legislation. If a threshold limit is exceeded, the workplace will be considered to be a Dangerous Goods Location. The workplace will be required to implement some legislative requirements for the safe management of dangerous goods if these requirements have not already been put in place. The workplace should consider reducing the volumes of chemicals stored so that the requirements of the Dangerous Goods legislation are not applicable.

Step 4 Conduct a risk assessment

Ensure a risk assessment has been conducted for all dangerous goods stored at a Dangerous Goods Location. Refer to Chapter 5 and Appendix 7 of this guideline for further information on conducting risk assessments.

Step 5 Minimise the quantities of goods stored

A DET workplace that has been categorised as a Dangerous Goods Location should try to minimise the quantities of chemicals stored so that thresholds are not exceeded. The management of these chemicals should be discussed with

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the supplier to ensure that operations are not put at risk by reducing the quantities of chemicals on site.

Step 6 Contact authorities for further advice

If a DET workplace classifies itself as a Dangerous Goods Location or is unsure about the application of the thresholds, the workplace should contact the Workplace Health and Safety Officer or Regional/Institute Health and Safety Consultant for more information about the implementation of the minimum requirements.

Step 7 Placarding (Signage)

If the quantities of chemicals stored at a site are below the threshold limits defined in Appendix 5, the workplace is considered to be a Minor Storage Location and is not required to have any placarding required by the Dangerous Goods legislation. A workplace that stores quantities that exceed the thresholds is considered to be a “Dangerous Goods Storage” and will require specific placarding in accordance with the legislation. Placard requirements are explained in a Dangerous Goods Safety Management Information Paper. This document can be accessed at the following link: http://www.deir.qld.gov.au/workplace/resources/pdfs/chem/dgsm-infopaper1-placarding.pdf If a particular workplace is unsure about the requirements for placarding, contact your Regional Health and Safety Consultants, Institute Health and Safety Managers/Coordinators and the health and safety staff in the Organisational Health Unit. Further assistance can be obtained from the Hazardous Industries and Chemicals Branch, Department of Justice and Attorney-General via the Infoline 1300 369 915, or by email: [email protected].

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http://www.deir.qld.gov.au/workplace/resources/pdfs/chem/dgsm-infopaper1-placarding.pdf

http://www.deir.qld.gov.au/workplace/resources/pdfs/chem/dgsm-infopaper1-placarding.pdf




mailto:[email protected]

Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 5 Risk Management

1 Chemical Risk Management

By their very nature, some chemicals can pose significant risks to the health and safety of those exposed to them. In the workplace, staff need to be able to control any exposure to these chemicals to minimise or eliminate the risk of injury or illness. The following issues should be considered when chemicals are used in the workplace:

how chemicals should be used

how persons are exposed to chemicals

whether the risk from the chemical is significant

how exposure to chemicals in the workplace should be controlled. The users of chemicals need to ensure that a sound risk management process is in place to identify and manage the risks by undertaking a chemical risk assessment before using any chemical product. Assessing and managing the risk must take into account all of the following:

identification of hazardous materials used in the workplace

assessment of the risk from their variety of uses

determination and implementation of appropriate control measures so that they can be handled and used safely

training, monitoring and health surveillance

review and monitoring of the effectiveness of the control measures used.

1.1 Process for Conducting a Risk Assessment for the Use of Chemicals

It is recognised that it may not be possible to undertake an assessment of all chemicals in a workplace in a single assessment. On the other hand it may not be practical to assess every chemical individually. If the workplace is divided into work units, tasks or processes, it is then possible to undertake risk assessments of the processes and the group of chemicals utilised in each process. (e.g. spraying of herbicides). The steps below outline the process for conducting a chemical risk assessment.

Step 1 - Decide who will do the risk assessment

Step 2 - Identify chemicals used in the work

Step 3 - Determine if the chemicals are hazardous

Step 4 - Obtain information about hazardous materials

Step 5 - Inspect workplace and evaluate worker exposure

Step 6 - Evaluate the risk and determine conclusions about the risk

Step 7 - Implement control measures to address actions required from risk management

Step 8 - Record the Assessment

Step 9 - Review the Control Measures Appendices 7, 8 and 9 provide more detailed explanation of the chemical risk assessment process, including a template for conducting a risk assessment for activities involving the use of chemicals and a risk assessment flowchart.

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1.2 Chemical Pesticide Management

Pesticides are introduced into the environment with the intention of killing, repelling or inhibiting the growth or reproduction of pests, including insects, weeds, rodents, fungi, molluscs (snails) and algae. Pesticides are classified in terms of the type of living organism they are effective against such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides and algaecides. No pesticide is unconditionally dangerous, or completely safe in all circumstances. The risk to humans arising from the use of a pesticide depends on the hazard created by the chemical, and the extent of exposure to the chemical. Before purchasing and applying pesticides, staff should consider the various options and choose the least hazardous product that will be effective in managing the pest. Some departmental workplaces may be required to comply with specific requirements of legislation for the distribution of herbicides when controlling weeds. The need for compliance is dependent on location within certain defined zones in Queensland and the method of application. For further details about legislative requirements, refer to the fact sheet “Herbicide Distribution” found on the department’s Creating Healthier Workplaces Internet site: http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/herbicide-distribution-factsheet.pdf Workplaces are encouraged to adopt an environmentally sensitive approach to pest control which aims to prevent unacceptable levels of pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least hazards to people, property and the environment, referred to as an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) approach. For more information please refer Pest Management in Schools guideline at: http://www.apvma.gov.au/use_safely/schools.php

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http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/herbicide-distribution-factsheet.pdf

http://www.apvma.gov.au/use_safely/schools.php


Appendix 7 Chemical Risk Assessments

Process for Conducting a Risk Assessment for the Use of Chemicals

Step 1 - Decide who will do the risk assessment

Risk assessments should be conducted by those individuals who are undertaking work with chemicals as they have the greatest knowledge of the context in which the chemicals are used, and what control options may be available to manage the risk to an acceptable level. However, the overriding responsibility for the accuracy and appropriateness of the assessment is held by the supervisor/manager. Where necessary, risk assessments can be undertaken by a group of people in order to reduce the subjectivity of the risk assessment and to achieve the necessary training objectives at the same time. The person/s who conduct the assessment should have sufficient knowledge and skills to evaluate the health risks to workers arising from the use of hazardous materials. It should be noted that it is not appropriate for the workplace health and safety officer or someone unfamiliar with the process to be solely conducting the risk assessment.

Step 2 - Identify chemicals used in the work

Describe the activity details, including the purpose of the activity, the location/s, who will be conducting the activity and the frequency and duration of the activity. Providing a detailed activity description is designed to ensure that all personnel are acquainted with the correct steps to complete the activity and any precautions required for handling the hazardous materials. Examples of the minimum equipment/facilities required to safely manage an activity are included in the risk assessment template. For each process identify all the substances that are, or will be, used or produced. When identifying the chemicals used, stored or produced in the activity, it is important to recognise that they could exist in various states or forms – solid, liquid, gas, vapour, dust, mist or fume. Each state of matter must be individually considered. Staff conducting a chemical survey in a workplace area should use the form in Appendix 8 in this guideline to document the chemicals identified.

Step 3 - Determine if the chemicals are hazardous

Refer to the MSDS and chemical container labels for information on whether each chemical is a hazardous substance or dangerous good. The dangerous good classification is usually depicted by a coloured diamond symbol and numerical descriptor (refer to Appendix 4 for more information). Ensure the physical properties and physico-chemical hazards (e.g. toxic, corrosive, irritant, carcinogen, etc) information, where relevant, from the “Identification”, “Health Hazards”, “Precautions”, “Precautions for use” and “Safe Handling” sections of the MSDS are considered. All identified hazardous materials must be included on the Hazardous Substances/Dangerous Goods Register (Appendices 2a and 2b in this guideline) and a copy of the MSDS must be obtained. It will often be necessary to differentiate between the concentrated or pure chemical and the working solutions. Diluted solutions will present a considerably reduced level of risk and in many cases they may no longer be considered to be hazardous materials. Separate assessments may be required for preparation of working solutions and the use of these solutions.

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Step 4 - Obtain information about hazardous materials

Information should be obtained about the hazardous nature/s of the chemicals, routes of exposure, recommended control measures and other action to prevent or minimise risks. For the majority of risk assessments, container labels and MSDSs will provide this information. Databases such as ChemWatch and ChemAlert may assist with the collection of information.

Step 5 - Inspect workplace and evaluate worker exposure

Information should be sought to answer the following questions when inspecting and evaluating worker exposure during work processes involving hazardous materials.

Step 5(a) - Is the hazardous material released or emitted into the work area?

Look for evidence that workers are being directly exposed to uncontrolled hazardous materials during a work process or are showing symptoms of exposure. In determining whether a hazardous material is released or emitted into a work area, the following should be considered:

evidence of contamination, that is dust or fumes visible in the air or on surfaces, substance visible on a person’s skin or clothing, odour, visible leaks, spills or residues

handling substances, for example, powders not in containers

chemical splashes

worker’s experience or symptoms of exposure.

Step 5(b) - Are workers exposed to the hazardous material through inhalation, ingestion, skin or eye contact?

It is important to identify the types of exposure which might affect workers. Workers in different jobs may face different types of exposure to the same chemical. People may be exposed by:

working directly with the hazardous material

working near or passing through areas in which the hazardous material is stored or being used

cleaning or maintenance work in areas where a hazardous material might be present.

Step 5(c) - Are workers and others exposed to hazardous materials and for how long?

It is important to identify the amount of hazardous materials workers are exposed to and the length of time over which exposure occurs. In identifying how much and for how long, ask:

Does exposure occur intermittently or continuously?

Does exposure occur frequently?

What are the different routes of exposure?

How many workers and other people (members of the public) are exposed? If monitoring is required it should be carried out by a person who has sufficient knowledge, skills and experience in the techniques and procedures.

Step 5(d) - What control measures are used or proposed? Are the existing control measures effective, properly used and maintained?

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All existing control measures must be identified and consideration given to any proposed control measures to minimise or eliminate the exposure of a worker to hazardous materials. During a walk-through inspection, the following points should be considered:

are any engineering controls in place, such as, isolation or enclosure of processes?

are general ventilation and local exhaust systems effective and adequately maintained?

are workers trained in the proper use and maintenance of control measures?

do work practices ensure safe handling?

are appropriate personal protective clothing and equipment used and maintained in a clean and effective condition?

are facilities for changing, washing and eating meals in good condition? Good personal hygiene practices can substantially reduce a worker’s exposure to a hazardous material.

are good housekeeping practices in place?

are all hazardous materials stored correctly?

is disposal of waste appropriate?

are appropriate emergency procedures and equipment in place (eg eye wash facilities, safety shower)?

Step 5(e) - Are there any risks associated with the storage and handling of the hazardous material?

The risk associated with the storage and handling of a hazardous material in the workplace often relates to spillage and fire. Under these circumstances, workers might be exposed briefly but at high concentrations to the substance or by-products of the product as a result of spillage or fire.

Step 6 - Evaluate the risk and determine conclusions about the risk

The information from the previous steps will provide the necessary information to establish:

the nature and severity of the hazard for each hazardous material

the degree of exposure of persons in the workplace

whether existing control measures adequately control exposure. It is now possible to settle on a conclusion about the acceptability of risks of using a hazardous material given the consistent application of all existing and proposed control measures. Consultation should take place to decide if the risk is significant. Deciding on a particular conclusion will require the execution of some actions.

Conclusion 1: Low Risk - risks are NOT SIGNIFICANT

This conclusion applies where it is unlikely that the use of the hazardous material will adversely affect the health of persons at the workplace and the risk is not likely to increase. For example:

the amounts or rate of use of a hazardous material are too small to constitute a risk, even if controls fail

the operation strictly conforms to the information contained in the MSDS and label

assessments in the past have confirmed the risks were not significant, and work conditions now are the same.

The actions that should be undertaken when the conclusion is low risk:

consider if the risk is likely to become significant in the future

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the control measures on the MSDS are mandatory

determine if training/instruction is required

ensure all necessary documentation is completed and held on file. However, as knowledge changes, MSDS and product content change and exposure standards change, a review will be needed when new MSDS are issued or legislation changes.

Conclusion 2: Medium Risk - risks are SIGNIFICANT but effectively controlled

This conclusion usually applies to conditions where serious health effects could result if the control measures fail or deteriorate. This usually results from the use of a highly toxic hazardous material or where the potential exposure is high. Risks, while at present are adequately controlled, could increase in the future, as a result of, for example:

undetected deterioration in the efficiency of control measures

plant including PPE or system failure

control measures not used properly

human error from lack of awareness

ineffective monitoring

insufficient or lack of ongoing training

changes in methods or rate of work

a significant increase in the quantity of hazardous materials used. The actions required are:

consider if the risk is likely to become significant in the future

ensure control measures are in place and review existing control measures as necessary: consider elimination or substitution of the substance.

formulate/implement training programs

ensure all necessary documentation is completed and held on file.

Conclusion 3: High Risk - risks are SIGNIFICANT now, and not effectively controlled

The following indicates where the use of a hazardous material is likely to constitute a risk and further investigation may be necessary if:

dusts, mists or fumes are visible in the air (i.e. in light beams) and there are persistent or widespread complaints of illness, discomfort, irritation or excessive odour

hazardous materials are splashed (i.e. when decanting or diluting products)

control measures are broken, defective or badly maintained, for example a poorly maintained extraction system that no longer draws substances away from the work area

recognised safe work practices are not being observed

airborne concentrations approach or exceed exposure standards

ill-health associated with exposure has been detected by health surveillance

results of biological monitoring indicates workers are at risk. The actions required are:

identify and implement immediate measures for preventing or controlling exposure, where necessary

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formulate new control measures to manage risks and re-evaluate until the risk rating is Low or Medium and implement the appropriate actions

determine if monitoring or health surveillance is required


Conclusion 4: Extreme Risk – risks are SIGNIFICANT now and/or uncertain about risks and potential controls

If the level of exposure cannot be estimated with confidence, further investigation is necessary. Atmospheric monitoring might be required to estimate the level of exposure. For a hazardous material absorbed through the skin, ingested or inhaled, biological monitoring might be required. A detailed evaluation might be needed if there is the potential for a major hazard such as a large leak or spill. In these cases, relevant specialist advice would be required. If there is not enough information to estimate the risks, additional information should be obtained from other sources, such as suppliers, occupational health and safety consultants and industry or trade associations. The actions required are to:

immediately identify and implement measures for preventing or controlling exposure

obtain additional information, or specialist advice or conduct a more detailed assessment

formulate new control measures to manage risks and re-evaluate until the risk rating is Low or Medium and implement the appropriate actions

re-evaluate the continuation/commencement of the activity if the risk level cannot be reduced


Step 7 - Implement control measures to address actions required from risk management

Document the control measures identified in the MSDS and the previous steps. If assessment shows there is a risk to health, further actions should be taken to implement appropriate control measures, provide training, and establish emergency procedures and first aid. In some circumstances two or more control measures may be required to reduce exposure to a level as low as is reasonably practicable. The preferred order in which control measures should be implemented is:

Elimination

Substitution

Isolation

Engineering Controls

Administrative Controls

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). Application of the hierarchy of control measures involves firstly assessing whether a hazardous material can be eliminated. Where this is not practicable, substitution should be considered. If this is not practicable, consideration should be given to each of the other control measures in turn, with the objective of identifying a control measure or combination of control measures that will eliminate or minimise exposure.

Elimination

Where a work activity involves the use of a hazardous material that is not essential to the work activity the hazardous material should be eliminated. Examples include:

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using a physical process rather than a chemical process to clean an object, for example, use of ultra-sound

using clips, clamps or bolts instead of adhesive

purchasing supplies of a material in a ready cut and sized form rather than carrying out a dust producing cutting process in the workplace.

Substitution

Where the use of hazardous materials cannot be avoided it may be possible to use a substitute chemical that is less hazardous, the same substance in a less hazardous form or the same substance in a less hazardous process. Examples include:

replacing a chlorinated degreasing solvent with a detergent;

using a hazardous material in paste or pellet form rather than a dusty powder

brush application of paint rather than aerosol application.

Isolation

Another approach is the separation of the process from people by distance or the isolation of the process by use of barriers to prevent exposure. For example, not running internal combustion engines in enclosed or partially enclosed spaces like sheds or rooms will minimise carbon monoxide exposure.

Engineering Controls

A range of engineering measures may be used to remove or reduce exposure to a chemical. Such as the use of plant or processes which minimise the generation of a hazardous material, suppress or contain a hazardous material or which limit the area of contamination in the event of spills or leaks. Types of engineering controls include enclosure or partial enclosure, local exhaust ventilation and automation of processes. Some examples of engineering controls are:

local extraction systems attached to grinding machines

enclosed reaction vessels

automation of the removal of objects from degreasing baths.

Administrative Controls

Reduced exposure of individual workers to hazardous materials can be achieved by work practices which require people to work in safer ways and are intended to limit the extent of exposure. Examples include:

excluding non essential persons from a work area

prohibiting eating, drinking and smoking in contaminated areas

prohibiting the use of compressed air for cleaning purposes

vacuuming dust from areas where cutting processes take place

providing first aid, safety shower and eye wash facilities, evacuation and emergency procedures.

Instructions and training Stringent work procedure should be enforced for people working alone, making provision for back-up in case of emergency. Similarly procedures for work outside of normal work hours must take account of the potential for a lack of necessary support services.

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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

The use of personal protective equipment should not be regarded as an alternative to engineering or other options for controlling exposure, but PPE should be utilised to supplement other controls especially where it is difficult to ensure protection with the other measures. The basic personal protective equipment available to guard against risks from hazardous materials includes respirators, goggles, face shields, gloves, footwear, and aprons. Situations where the use of suitable personal protective equipment may be necessary include:

where it is not technically feasible to achieve adequate control by other means. In these cases, exposure should be reduced as far as practicable by other measures and then, in addition, suitable PPE should be used to secure adequate control

where PPE is necessary to safeguard health until such time as adequate control is achieved by other means, for example, where urgent action is required because of plant failure

during routine maintenance operations where the infrequency and small number of people involved may make other control measures not practicable

where MSDS and labels indicate the need for PPE. The ongoing costs (e.g. training and maintenance and/or replacement) and operator considerations (e.g. correct fit and medical factors) associated with PPE should be given significant consideration before determining it as the preferred control option. To ensure PPE is effective as a control it should be:

selected for the contaminant, task and the operator

readily available and replaced as required

clean and functional

checked before use

correctly used when required

appropriately maintained. Following the selection of appropriate PPE as a control measure, training should be provided to ensure it is properly used in accordance with the appropriate standards for the equipment. To manage PPE, it is helpful to use a PPE Register. An example of a PPE register is available on the Creating Healthier Workplaces website here: http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/healthsafety/ppe-register.pdf

Step 8 - Record the Assessment

WH&S legislation requires the maintaining of records on chemical risk assessments and associated control measures. The person/s who conduct the assessment should record the assessment on the risk assessment template in Appendix 8. Before workers can undertake the task or work with the chemical assessed, the risk assessment must be approved by the relevant supervisor or manager. The assessor/s should have the authority to approve the conduct of the work in the assessment, and the ability to interpret the information, consult the appropriate workers and review existing records.

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http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/healthsafety/ppe-register.pdf


Step 9 - Review the Control Measures

All measures for the control of exposure should be thoroughly examined and tested at regular intervals to ensure effective performance. Controls should be reviewed immediately if work related ill health is reported. Routine maintenance including preventive service procedures should be established specifying:

which control measures require servicing

the servicing needed

the frequency of servicing

who is responsible for servicing

how any defects will be corrected

performance testing and evaluation

record of servicing.

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Activity Scope This document relates to the use of chemicals in activities conducted by staff in the workplace.

Risk Assessment Before using any chemical product, the Workplace Health and Safety Regulation (Part 13) requires that a risk assessment be undertaken to determine the possible hazards of the product and the control measures required for its safe use. An evaluation of the risk associated with a hazard is necessary to determine if the risk is significant, in which case additional or improved measures will be required to prevent or minimise exposure to the hazard. In addition to determining the level of significance of the risk, the risk assessment process serves to facilitate the decisions required for appropriate controls, training, monitoring and health surveillance.

Activity Details

Activity Name: _____________________________________________________________________

Location in Workplace: _______________________________________________________________

Chemical/Product Names: ____________________________________________________________

Purpose of Activity: ___________________________________________________________________

Use

Who is conducting the activity: Staff Member Student/s Visitor/Other

Experience of User: Experienced Inexperienced

Qualifications of User: _______________________________________________________________

Frequency of use: Continuous 2-3 times a day

Several times a week Once or twice a month

Duration of use: 15 mins/ occasionally 1 or 2 hours/day 8 hours/day

Supervision required: N/A Low Medium High

Routes of entry: Skin absorption Respiratory Eyes

Ingestion Injection

Appendix 8 Risk Assessment Process:

Managing Risk in Activities Involving Chemicals

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Activity Description

Listed below are the ‘minimum’ recommendations for this type of activity. For any items checked “No”, provide further information on the additional or alternate controls to be implemented for the safe conduct of the activity. Some items are indicated as mandatory and must be adhered to.

Minimum Equipment/Facilities Yes No First aid kit suitable for activity

Communication system: phone-line at location mobile phone

Other:

Sun safety equipment if outdoors (hat, sun screen, shirt etc)

Safety Shower/ Eye Wash Station

Chemical Spill kit is available

Further information:

Hazard Identification All persons engaging in this activity should identify the hazards, assess their significance and manage the potential risks including any additional hazards not mentioned here. Listed below are indicative hazards/risks that may arise during activities involving the use of chemicals. The identification of hazards will help with the risk assessment and the identification of control measures. They are by no means exhaustive lists. Add details of any other identified hazards/risks you identify.



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Chemical/Solution/Process

_________________________________________________________________

Hazard Identification – Repeat for each Chemical/Process (Read MSDS and container label)

Physical (storage, handling, waste, disposal considerations)

Chemical (flammability, stability, reactivity)

Irritant

Sensitiser (may cause allergic-type skin or respiratory reaction)

Harmful

Toxic

Corrosive

Radioactive

Carcinogenic (may cause cancer)

Mutagenic (may cause mutations/genetic change)

Teratogenic (may cause birth defects)

Other hazards (mechanical, electrical, manual handling, ergonomic etc.). Specify:

Explanation of Hazard:

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________



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Risk Assessment Matrix Consequence

Likelihood Insignificant Minor Moderate Major Critical

Almost Certain

Medium Medium High Extreme Extreme

Likely Low Medium High High Extreme

Possible Low Medium High High High

Unlikely Low Low Medium Medium High

Rare Low Low Low Low Medium

The risk matrix is a commonly used tool to assist assessing risk levels. To use the matrix, simply consider the activity and identified hazards in terms of the likelihood of an incident happening, in conjunction with the consequence (or injury) if the incident did occur. The result of these two considerations is a risk level: low, medium, high, or extreme.

CONSEQUENCE

Insignificant: No injury requiring treatment

Minor: Minor injury; first aid

Moderate: Injury requiring medical treatment; <4 days lost

Major: Serious injury requiring specialist medical treatment or hospitalisation; > 4 days lost

Critical: Loss of life; permanent disability or injury

LIKELIHOOD

Rare: Probably would never happen

Unlikely: Would not expect to happen

Possible: May happen, but you would expect not

Likely: Expect to happen at some time

Almost Certain: Probably would happen given the number of time the activity is done

RISK LEVEL

Low: Little chance of incurring any injury

Medium: Some chance of incurring a minor injury

High: Likely that an injury requiring medical attention could occur

Extreme: Likely that a serious injury could incur



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Actions for Conclusions about Risk

1. Low Risk - risks are NOT SIGNIFICANT

Actions that should be undertaken when the conclusion is low risk:

Consider if the risk is likely to become significant in the future

The control measures on the MSDS are mandatory

Determine if training/instruction is required

Ensure all necessary documentation is completed and held on file.

2. Medium Risk – risks are SIGNIFICANT, but effectively controlled

Actions that should be undertaken when the conclusion is medium risk:

Consider if the risk is likely to become significant in the future

Ensure control measures are in place and review existing control measures as necessary: consider elimination or substitution of the substance.

Formulate/implement training programs


3. High Risk – risks are SIGNIFICANT now, and not effectively controlled

Actions that should be undertaken when the conclusion is High risk:

Identify and implement immediate measures for preventing or controlling exposure, where necessary

Formulate new control measures to manage risks and re-evaluate until the risk rating is Low or Medium and implement the appropriate actions

Determine if monitoring or health surveillance is required


4. Extreme Risk - risks are SIGNIFICANT now and/or uncertain about risks and potential controls

Actions that should be undertaken when the conclusion is Extreme risk:

Immediately identify and implement measures for preventing or controlling exposure

Obtain additional information, or specialist advice, or conduct a more detailed assessment

Formulate new control measures to manage risks until the risk assessment is Low or Medium and implement the appropriate actions

Re-evaluate the continuation/commencement of the activity if the risk level cannot be reduced


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Control Measures Risk Control

(How do we minimise or eliminate exposure?)

Controls that should be in place

(What controls must be in place to manage exposure?)

Controls that are in place

(What controls are in place now?)

Elimination – Can the process or substance be eliminated completely?

Yes No

Dilution/Amount/s of Chemicals used

Diluted Solution Controlled amounts of chemical/s

Diluted Solution Controlled amounts of chemical/s

Substitution – Can the process or substance be replaced with a safer one?

Yes No

Isolation – Can the process or person be isolated from the substance?

Restricted access

Closed vessel

Other

Restricted access

Closed vessel

Other

Engineering – Can the process be re-designed?

Natural ventilation

Fume hood

Extraction

Blower fan

Outdoors

Other

Natural ventilation

Fume hood

Extraction

Blower fan

Outdoors

Other

Administration – Can we limit exposure to the risk?

Job rotation

Work procedure

Training Other _____________________

Job rotation

Work procedure

Training Other ____________________

PPE – Can we use PPE? Tick the necessary requirements

Respirator

Type: _____________________

Clothing

Type: _____________________

Gloves

Type: _____________________

Safety Glasses

Type: _____________________

Other

Type: _____________________

Respirator

Type: ____________________

Clothing

Type: ____________________

Gloves

Type: ____________________

Safety Glasses

Type: ____________________

Other

Type: ____________________



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Controls to be Implemented (What other controls do we need to put in place to manage exposure?)

All necessary controls are implemented. No further action required.

Ensure appropriate supervision is provided

Emergency procedures are in place

Obtain expert advice

All necessary training to be delivered

Monitoring required - Please Specify_____________________________________________________

Health surveillance required - Please Specify _____________________________________________

Further controls required - Please Specify _______________________________________________

Training

The following require training about the substances and/or process involved in the activity:

User Teacher/Supervisor Student

The following training is necessary for those that may be exposed to risks identified in this assessment:

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

Additional Control Measures These would relate to the specific student needs, location and conditions in which you are conducting your activity.



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Approval

Approved as submitted.

Approved with the following conditions:

Not Approved for the following reason/s:

By: Designation:

Signed: Date:

Monitor and Review To be completed during and/or after the activity. Yes No

Are the control measures still effective?

Have there been any changes?

Are further actions required?

Details:

Submitted by: Date: Indicate the names of those who were involved in the preparation of this risk assessment.



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Important Links HLS-PR-012: Curriculum Activity Risk management

http://education.qld.gov.au/strategic/eppr/health/hlspr012/

HLS-PR-003: First Aid http://education.qld.gov.au/strategic/eppr/health/hlspr003/

HLS-PR-005: Health and Safety Incident Reporting and Notification http://education.qld.gov.au/strategic/eppr/health/hlspr005/

HLS-PR-006: Managing Occupational Risks with Chemicals http://education.qld.gov.au/strategic/eppr/health/hlspr006/hs16.pdf

Infection Control Guideline: http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/healthsafety/infection_control_guideline.pdf

Glossary and Other Information For further support with risk management training and advice, contact trained staff in schools such as Workplace Health and Safety Officers (WHSOs) and Workplace Health and Safety Representatives (WHSRs), and regional/institute staff such as Senior Health and Safety Consultants.



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http://education.qld.gov.au/strategic/eppr/health/hlspr006/hs16.pdf

http://education.qld.gov.au/health/pdfs/healthsafety/infection_control_guideline.pdf


Appendix 9 Risk Assessment Flowchart

STEP 1: Decide who will conduct the

risk assessments

STEP 2: Identify all chemicals used in

the process/ workplace

No STEP 3: Is the chemical a

hazardous substance?

No further

action

Yes

Yes

No

STEP 4: Collect information about hazardous

materials

STEP 5: Inspect workplace and evaluate

worker exposure

STEP 6: Evaluate risk and determine

conclusion

Is the conclusion about the risk acceptable?

STEP 7: Implement control measures

STEP 8: Record result of risk assessment

Assessor to approve

STEP 9: Review task/chemical on a regular

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 6 Disposal

1 Disposal

All chemical users have a responsibility to dispose of unwanted or unused chemicals in a safe manner that does not adversely affect other people or the environment. Chemical waste includes solvents, acids, alkalis, toxic materials, paints, oils, pesticides, herbicides, contaminated glassware and consumables, and chemicals that are no longer required or have deteriorated with age. The list below outlines specific considerations regarding the disposal of chemicals:

always follow any information about the disposal of a particular chemical on the label or in the MSDS

always follow safe procedures and wear appropriate protective clothing when using or disposing of chemicals

labels and MSDS will indicate the correct procedures and protective clothing and equipment to be used

incompatible chemical wastes must be segregated as far as possible to reduce the risk of a dangerous reaction

it is also desirable to segregate compatible materials (where practical) to improve the potential for reuse or recycling.

For further information about chemical compatibilities, consult the product label, the MSDS and Appendix 5.

1.1 Surplus chemicals

When disposing of surplus chemicals, the options in order of preference are:

return unopened containers to the supplier or manufacturer

use the chemical for its intended purpose

offer the surplus chemical to another departmental workplace who needs it for an approved purpose

arrange for collection by an approved waste disposal contractor. In the meantime, all chemicals should be labelled and stored in a secure and safe place.

1.2 General requirements for disposal of chemicals and containers

All supervisors/managers are responsible for encouraging personnel under their direction to actively avoid and minimise the generation of hazardous chemical waste. Supervisors are also required to establish local procedures that are consistent with these guidelines, and ensure that all staff and students under their direction are familiar with and follow the procedures. Prior to disposing of chemical waste, chemical users should:

read the label and follow the instructions

read the MSDS and follow the instructions

wear recommended protective clothing

ask for advice from suppliers or local authorities when needed

dispose of waste as soon as practicable

comply with local authorities requirements for the disposal of chemicals.

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To manage the risks associated with chemical waste disposal, chemical users should NOT :

eat, drink or smoke during disposal work

mix chemicals together before disposal

allow waste to discharge into drains or watercourses or to contaminate groundwater

re-use containers or convert into containers for food or water

accumulate used containers.

1.3 Disposal of chemical waste

Chemicals are disposed of in one of three ways:

through the sewerage system

in landfill

collected by a licensed chemical waste contractor for disposal. To ensure the chemical waste meets the local authority Trade Waste Policy guidelines and is acceptable for disposal to sewer, the:

waste must be soluble in water

waste must not be a solid or viscous substance in a quantity, or of a size, that can obstruct, or interfere with the operation of the sewerage facility (e.g. ash, sand, tar, oil and grease)

waste containing heavy metals cannot be disposed to sewer (e.g. lead, mercury, nickel)

waste containing pesticides, herbicides, or fungicides cannot be disposed to sewer

waste must not be toxic (Dangerous Goods Class 6) or hazardous to aquatic, marine and terrestrial life and environments

acceptable Flammable Liquids (short chain alcohol solutions containing Dangerous Goods Class 3) must be diluted to ensure there is no accumulation of alcohols in the under sink traps that has the potential to create a fire hazard

concentrated solutions of acids and alkali cannot be disposed to sewer

weak acid and alkali solutions need to be neutralised to between pH6 and pH9 prior to sewer disposal.

While disposing a chemical to sewer, flush with sufficient water to ensure no trace of chemical remains. For chemicals not acceptable for disposal to sewer (to landfill or for collection):

waste is to be sealed in its original container or an appropriate and compatible container

the container should be clearly labelled with the original label if in good condition or a replacement label attached if required

the label should contain the name of the chemical, total quantity and concentration of the chemical, appropriate risk and safety phrases, and relevant dangerous goods information.

Local authorities or landfill operators will be able to advise if chemicals are accepted at their landfills or waste transfer stations, or will need to be collected by a licensed chemical waste contractor. The process for disposing of chemicals through a licensed waste contractor and a list of some of the licensed waste contractors that are able to service all of Queensland is shown in Appendix 10. Unknown/unlabelled chemicals and large volumes of unwanted chemicals should be collected by a

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licensed waste contractor for appropriate disposal. Do not dispose of unknown or unlabelled chemicals or large quantities of chemicals by the sewer.

1.4 Disposal of empty containers

Check the label for advice on disposal of containers. All empty containers must be rinsed thoroughly to remove any traces of the chemical and the chemical label must be removed or defaced (so that the chemical name cannot be identified). If manually rinsed, the containers must be triple rinsed. Containers should be returned to the supplier when they are marked returnable, or the label specifies return to point of sale. Where rinsed containers are stored ensure that lids or bungs are removed to prevent re-use and that containers are secure. If not returned to supplier, puncture and/or crush the container to ensure that it cannot be used again. Empty drums must be rinsed and disposed of, or recycled in the manner suggested on the label. Do not burn empty containers.

1.5 Disposal of Other items – Oil, Drums, Gas Cylinders, Batteries, Consumables

Like other chemicals, these items are to be disposed of in a responsible manner.

Oil drums and gas cylinders are not be reused for any other purpose o contact the original supplier or local landfill operator to determine the best method of

disposal o empty gas cylinders should be segregated from full gas cylinders and returned to the

supplier o used oil is a recyclable resource and there may be local agencies or companies that can

assist with recycling strategies.

Nickel cadmium (NiCad) batteries contain cadmium, which is potentially carcinogenic o NiCad batteries should not be placed in general waste bins o several battery suppliers offer recycling/disposal options – refer to Appendix 10 and local

recycling companies.

Some comsumables includes chemicals that require appropriate disposal o for example, some data projector and microscope light bulbs contain mercury o a range of companies provide recycling/disposal options – refer to Appendix 10 and local

recycling companies.

1.6 Minimising use

Users should use the principle of the hierarchy of control and consider eliminating or reducing the use of chemicals. Minimisation of use is an important part of restricting the potential effects of the chemicals. Before buying and using chemicals consider:

controlling pests, weed or insect problems by alternative non chemical methods

purchasing chemicals in reusable, returnable containers or try to obtain recyclable containers

coordinating with other DET workplaces to minimise the amount purchased.

1.7 Avoid creating waste

When using chemicals a few simple considerations may avoid creating waste:

do not buy more than you need

do not mix more than you need for immediate use. Take care to avoid spillage during mixing, handling and storage.

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Appendix 10 Licensed Chemical Waste Disposal Contractors

Process for Disposing of Chemicals using a Licensed Chemical Waste Contractor

Step 1 Organise the chemicals for disposal

The chemicals must be sealed in its original container or an appropriately labelled container that is suitable for storing the waste. The chemicals must be stored compatibly with one another.

Step 2 Create a manifest (list) of the chemicals for disposal

The manifest must contain the:

name of each chemical

size (volume) of the container

type of container (e.g. glass, plastic, metal)

number (quantity) of containers

actual volume of chemical in each of the containers

dangerous goods class, if applicable

any other comments (e.g. container sealed; container broken/damaged/leaking)

Example Chemical Waste Disposal Manifest

Workplace Name / Address / Site contact details

Chemical Name

SIZE of actual container

Type of Container-eg Glass; Plastic; Metal

Actual chemical Volume-gms; mls; Litres; Kg

Number of Containers

Dangerous Goods Class -obtain from label or MSDS

Comments-container sealed; broken or leaking

Copper sulphate

500grams Glass 250 grams 2 DG Class 9 OK

Shield AR concentrate

20 L Metal 15 L 1 Flammable liquid DG Class 3 Packing group II

container ½ full and missing cap to seal on container

Methylated spirits

2 L Plastic 500 ml 5 DG 3 One container leaking

Nitric acid 5 L Glass 5 L 1 8 OK

Step 3 Obtain a quote from a licensed chemical waste contractor

Send the manifest of chemicals for disposal to a licensed waste contractor via telephone, fax or email to obtain a quote. A manifest template is shown in Appendix 11.

Step 4 Finalise collection details with licensed chemical waste contractor

The officer in charge of the workplace is responsible for approval of the quote and costs associated with disposal. Once approval is obtained the workplace arranges collection and disposal of the chemicals with the licensed waste contractor.

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Licensed Chemical Waste Contractors

Below is a list and contact details for some of the licensed chemical waste contractors that are able to service all departmental workplaces throughout Queensland. However, this list is not exhaustive and does not mean that the listed contractors should be preferenced over any other waste contractors. AceWaste - www.acewaste.com.au 491 Gooderham Road Willawong QLD 4110 PO Box 400 Acacia Ridge QLD 4110 Ph: 07 3372 6666 Fax: 07 3372 3777 BCD Technologies - www.bcdtechnologies.com.au

8-12 Krypton St Narangba QLD 4504 PO Box 119 Narangba QLD 4504 Ph: 07 3203 3400 Fax: 07 3203 3366 Geocycle - www.cemaust.com.au 12 Station Ave Darra QLD 4076 Ph: 07 3375 0478 Fax: 07 3335 3227

Transpacific Industries Group - www.transpacific.com.au 26-32 Potassium Street Narangba QLD 4504 Ph: 07 32935555 Fax: 07 3204 1582 ToxFree - www.toxfree.com.au 160 Musgrave Rd Coopers Plains QLD 4108 PO Box 837 Archerfield BC QLD 4108 Ph: 07 3277 2474 Fax: 07 3277 2382

Veolia Environmental Services - www.veolia.com.au 166 Boundary Rd Rocklea, QLD 4106 Ph: 07 3275 0125 Fax: 07 3275 0101

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http://www.acewaste.com.au/

http://www.bcdtechnologies.com.au/

http://www.cemaust.com.au/

http://www.transpacific.com.au/


Appendix 11 Chemical Waste Disposal Manifest Workplace Name / Address / Site contact details

Chemical Name

SIZE of actual container

Type of Container-eg Glass; Plastic; Metal

Actual chemical Volume-gms; mls; Litres; Kg

Number of Containers

Dangerous Goods Class -obtain from label or MSDS

Comments-container sealed; broken or leaking

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Chapter 7 Emergency Planning

1 Emergencies

With adequate and appropriate control measures in place, a leak, spill or uncontrolled release of a hazardous material may still occur. Emergency procedures should be established and used to safely identify the source of a release and any necessary corrective actions or repairs to be made.

1.1 Emergency Procedures

The following procedures should be used as a guide to help departmental staff design an effective spill control plan for their workplace. These procedures also contain information on how to prepare a chemical spill kit and provide step-by-step instructions for spill cleanup. In the event of a leak, spill or uncontrolled release which:

involves the release of a type or quantity of a chemical that poses an immediate risk to health

involves an uncontrolled fire or explosion: o staff must notify the floor fire warden o floor fire warden assesses the situation, including where possible identifying

the hazardous material/s involved o floor fire warden notifies the chief fire warden and advises the nature of the

incident, steps being taken and assistance required o chief fire warden contacts the appropriate emergency services e.g.

ambulance/fire brigade/police o chief fire warden summons the emergency response team to implement

emergency procedures o if necessary, first aiders attend to injured person/s as appropriate o emergency response team cordon off the danger area and move people away

from the immediate danger area as quickly as possible o if necessary, emergency response team to evacuate surrounding area/s o await arrival of emergency services – do not return to the danger area until

the ‘all clear’ is given by the emergency services. If the leak, spill or uncontrolled release occurs outside a building, do not attempt to evacuate the workplace unless officially advised to do so by the emergency services. In the event of a spill involving the release of a type or quantity of a chemical which does not pose an immediate risk to health and does not involve chemical contamination to the body:

notify personnel in the immediate vicinity of the incident

isolate the area, close doors and evacuate the immediate area, if necessary

remove ignition sources and unplug nearby electrical equipment

vent vapours to outside of building only (open windows and turn on exhaust fans, if available)

locate spill kit, if available

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choose appropriate PPE (goggles, face shield, impervious gloves, apron, etc.)

confine and contain spill

cover with appropriate absorbent material - acid and base spills should be neutralized prior to cleanup

sweep solid material into a plastic dust pan and place in a sealed container

wet mop spill area - be sure to decontaminate broom, dustpan, etc

put all contaminated items (gloves, clothing, etc.) into a sealed container or plastic bag

return spill kit to storage location and arrange for used contents to be replaced

inform your supervisor and the floor fire warden. Every workplace that uses chemicals should have access to a spill control kit. Spill kits should be strategically located around work areas in fixed locations so they will be easily accessible. Spill kits can be purchased through most supply vendors that sell chemicals or safety supplies. Below is a list of recommended items that should be contained in a chemical spill kit. However, it is important that spill kits be tailored to meet the specific spill control needs of each workplace. Spill kits should be checked periodically, and restored after each use. The contents of the chemical spill kit should include:

absorbents such as: o universal (inert) spill absorbent such as unscented kitty litter, vermiculite, clay,

and sand - this all purpose absorbent is good for most chemical spills including solvents, acids, and bases

o acid spill neutralizer - sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, or calcium carbonate

o alkali (base) neutralizer - sodium bisulphate.

personal protective equipment (PPE) such as: o safety goggles and face shield o heavy neoprene gloves o disposable lab coat or apron o plastic vinyl booties o dust mask/respirator.

clean-up material such as: o plastic dust pan and scoop o plastic bags for contaminated PPE o plastic bucket (polyethylene) with lid for spill and absorbent residues.

If an injured person requires first aid, the following procedures should be implemented:

delegate people to obtain the MSDS o follow the first aid instructions on MSDS o give a hard copy of MSDS to medical staff.

for chemical splashes to the eye:

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o flood the eyes with water (use the eye wash station, if available) o continue to flood with running water for 20 minutes and seek medical

attention.

for chemical splashes to the skin: o irrigate the skin with running water for 20 minutes and seek medical attention.

Following any incident, the relevant staff must notify the relevant stakeholders (e.g. managers, principal, director) and complete an incident report form. The relevant stakeholders may need to inform the next of kin/parents/carer and notify the Q-Build Emergency Contact Officer (Telephone: (07) 3224 6666).

1.2 Emergency Management Plan

All workplaces should have in place a comprehensive emergency management plan that outlines the procedures to deal with all identified emergencies likely to occur. The emergency management plan should include specific information to assist in the management of a leak, spill or uncontrolled release of a hazardous material. The emergency management plan should be communicated to all persons in the workplace. Refer to the departmental Emergency Management and Response Plan http://oneportal.deta.qld.gov.au/Services/Facilities/Forschools/Pages/Disastermanagement.aspx] for further information on completing an emergency management plan. The specific issues relating to hazardous materials that should be addressed in the emergency management plan include the following:

technical information such as chemical and physical characteristics and dangers of every hazardous material, for example review the chemical register in the administration office

the types of risks taken into account (e.g. fire, accidental release, poisoning)

the provision of any specialised on-site first aid or assistance that may have to be administered

the provision and location of specialised equipment required including fire fighting materials, safety showers, eye wash stations, chemical spill kits and neutralising agents

the limits of on-site action prior to seeking assistance from emergency services agencies

locations of the hazardous materials, personnel and equipment and emergency control rooms at the workplace

evacuation arrangements that take into account possible airborne dispersal of the hazardous material e.g. wind direction

emergency service agencies, any mutual resources involved and liaison arrangements between them.

1.3 Review of Emergency Management Plan

Emergency Management Plans should be reviewed when:

any new hazardous material is introduced to the workplace

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the quantity of hazardous materials stored at the workplace changes significantly (in particular, in a quantity which causes alteration to the dangerous goods storage placarding requirements)

a change is made in the way a hazardous material is stored, handled or used

a change is made to a process or procedure which may result in a change of risk

new information becomes available concerning any property of a hazardous material which could lead to a significant risk

problems are identified during training or after an incident has occurred.

1.4 Emergency Service Agencies

Emergency service agencies should be able to access information on the hazardous materials present at the workplace such as the hazardous materials register and emergency management plan.

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Guideline for Managing Risks with Chemicals in DET Workplaces (HLS-PR-006) Glossary

Administrative controls means systems of work or safe work practices designed to prevent or reduce the risks from hazardous materials.

Australian Dangerous Australian Code for the Transport of Dangerous Goods by Road Goods (ADG) Code and Rail.

Biological monitoring is testing for the presence of a hazardous material, its metabolites or a biochemical change in a person’s body tissue, exhaled air or fluid.

Chemical name is the scientific or technical name of a chemical.

Chemicals are substances composed of elements, compounds or complexes present as an entity or contained in a mixture.

Complex is a molecular entity formed by loose association involving two or more component molecular entities.

Compound is a substance formed by the chemical union of two or more elements.

Container means a thing, other than a bulk container, or tank, defined in the ADG Code, in which a chemical is, or has been, completely or partially cased, contained, covered, enclosed or packed, but does not include an enclosed system.

Dangerous Goods have the potential to cause immediate harm to people, property and the environment due to the possibility of a fire, explosion, release of toxic, flammable, or corrosive materials during a storage or handling incident.

Element is a fundamental substance comprising one kind of atom (the simplest form of matter).

Engineering controls means physical controls designed to prevent or minimise risks from hazardous materials.

Flash point is the temperature at which a liquid can produce enough vapour to ignite in the presence of an appropriate ignition source.

Hazard is a thing or a substance with the potential to cause harm to people, property or the environment.

Hazardous materials a substance that, because of its chemical, physical or biological properties, has the potential to cause harm to people, property or the environment.

Hazardous substance a substance that has the potential to cause injury or harm to people and is listed on the National Occupational Health and Safety Commission (NOHSC) list of designated hazardous substances.

HAZCHEM code the emergency action code developed and assigned to hazardous materials after careful study of their properties and characteristics and.used to help emergency services to take action quickly in any accident. The code consists of a number followed by one or two letters. The number indicates the type of substance to be used in treating the accident. The first letter indicates the type of protective clothing needed along with information about the possibility of violent reaction. The second letter, where it exists, indicates if people have to be evacuated from neighbouring areas.

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Health surveillance means the monitoring, including biological monitoring and medical assessment, of a person to identify changes in a person’s health because of exposure to a hazardous material.

Hierarchy of Control a list of control measures, in priority order (sequence of options) which can be used to eliminate or minimise exposure to hazards.

Manifest a list of the types, quantities, and locations of all dangerous goods and hazardous substances stored on site.

Material Safety Data Sheet a document prepared by the manufacturer or third party that (MSDS) contains essential information describing the properties and uses of a

particular hazardous material. It includes details of the substance identity, chemical and physical properties, health hazard information, precautions for use, safe handling information and procedures for emergencies such as fire, spills and leaks.

Monitoring means to regularly check all measures, other than by biological monitoring, used to control the risk from exposure to a hazardous material.

Packaged dangerous goods Dangerous goods are packaged dangerous goods if:

they are dangerous goods of Class 2 in a container with a capacity of not more than 500 litres

they are dangerous goods of another Class in: o a container with a capacity of not more than 450 litres o a container with a net mass of not more than 400 kilograms

goods

Risk is the likelihood that a hazard will cause harm to people, property or the environment, in the conditions of its use.

Risk assessment a process of evaluating and controlling the probability of an injurious event (related to the purchase, use or exposure to a hazard) and the extent of injury or illness that may result if that event occurs.

Risk phrase means a phrase that gives information about the substance’s hazards. For example “Flammable”, “Harmful if swallowed” or “Causes burns”.

Safety phrase means a phrase that gives information about the safe use of a substance or the personal protective equipment for the substance. For example “Do not breathe dust” or “Avoid contact with skin”.

Significant risk means that the work being undertaken with a hazardous material is likely to adversely affect the health of workers and other persons at the workplace. For example, there would be a “significant risk” if:

o the health effects from exposure to the hazardous material are substantial

o there are no control measures in place at the workplace or the controls that are in place are not adequate to protect workers from exposure to a hazardous material

o the level of exposure is high.

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Substance means any natural or artificial compound, whether it is solid or liquid form or in the form of a gas or vapour.

Use includes handling, production, storage, movement, application and disposal of a substance.

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