guided discovery approch in science learning theory and
TRANSCRIPT
GUIDED DISCOVERY APPROCH IN SCIENCE LEARNING THEORY AND PRATICAL
ROSHIN ANIE ROY
Jerome Bruner:
• Born in New York City on October 1, 1915• Education -BA, Duke University (1937) -MA, Harvard University (1939) -Ph.D. Harvard University (1941) • Publication - The culture of education - The process of education• Spiral curriculum• One of the founding fathers of constructivist
theory
Discovery Learning Theory
An approach to instruction through which students interact with their environment
By exploring and manipulating objects, wrestling with questions and controversies, or performing experiments
Students discover knowledge, developing their own understanding.
PRINCIPLE OF J BRUNER’S THEORY
• Readiness• Spiral organisation• going beyond the information given
Cognitive Development
Like piaget, Bruner believed in 3 stages of instruction based on development
• Enactive Stage (birth to age 3)• Iconic Stage (age 3 to 8)• Symbolic (from age 8) Each mode is dominant at different phases of
development but all are present accessible
Enactive Stage
From birth to about age 3. Children need to experience the concrete. Usually involves a motor response. Children use actions to manipulate objects. Objects are defined by what they can do with
them. Showing and modelling is important versus
telling at this stage
Iconic Stage
From about age 3 to about age 8 Children are able to think about things that are
not physically present Images are primarily visual or based in another
sense Ex. They can do math problems in their head.
Symbolic Representation Stage
This stage occurs at about age 7 Bruner believes that in this stage, children are
able to transform action and image into a symbolic system to encode knowledge
The “symbols” are primarily linguistic and mathematical
Symbolic Representation is a major tool in reflective thinking
Spiral curriculum
• Learner built on past experience• Students interact with the environment• Discovers fact and relationship their own• Student create own construct of knowledge
through narrative
Classroom Application
• Exploration
• Invention
• Discovery
Advantages
• Autonomous, self directed and responsible.• Enhances the development of intellectual
capacities and problem solving.• Enhances motivation, interest and satisfaction• Minimizes verbal learning.• Give more time for assimilate and accumulate
information.
Disadvantages
• More time• Difficulties to slow learners• Teachers are not properly trained• Expected benefits don't show up in regular
achievement test
Summary• Bruner believed that students learn best through
discovery and a spiralled curriculum.
• He said that knowing is a process rather than the accumulated knowledge as acquired in textbooks
• Bruner believed that we should instruct students to use the tools, instruments, and technologies available to them to unlock their potential
Previous QuestionWhat are the special features of guided discovery
learning? How does it benefit the learning process in children? 5mark ( April 2014)
References And Links• Teaching science ( Dr. Mariamma Mathew)• Bruner’s Theory
http://evolution.massey.ac.nz/assign2/BP/Bruner.html
• Teaching ( Dr.shivarajan) science
THANK YOU