gsm r overview
TRANSCRIPT
GSM-R 1
GSMGSM--RR
GSM-R 2
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Vendor’s Solution
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Vendor’s Solution
GSM-R 3
GSM-R specificity
• Private networks dedicated to Railway operators
• High speed trains communications : up to 500 km/h
• Cab radio : train mounted terminals
• New features supported to meet Railway operators needs
• Separate frequency band
• Private networks dedicated to Railway operators
• High speed trains communications : up to 500 km/h
• Cab radio : train mounted terminals
• New features supported to meet Railway operators needs
• Separate frequency band
GSM-R 4
Issues with the current architecture
• Multiple communication systems needed for different applications
• Different frequencies utilized
• Multiple country standards
• Multiple communication systems needed for different applications
• Different frequencies utilized
• Multiple country standards
• High Training, Operation & Maintenance costs
• Low spectrum efficiency, increases costs
• Limited support for cross-border traffic
• High Training, Operation & Maintenance costs
• Low spectrum efficiency, increases costs
• Limited support for cross-border traffic
Lower cost solutions requiredLower cost solutions required
GSM-R 5
Requirements developed for a new common communication
standard for the railways
Requirements developed for a new common communication
standard for the railways
GSM selected as preferred standard
GSM selected as preferred standard
UICUIC
EIRENEEIRENE
In charge of development & testing of a GSM-R system based on EIRENE’s defined
specifications
In charge of development & testing of a GSM-R system based on EIRENE’s defined
specificationsMORANEMORANE
ETSIETSI
GSM-R, Ready for deploymentGSM-R, Ready for deployment
INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS
INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS
GSM-R Definition
GSM-R 6
GSM-R frequencies
f/MHz
45 MHz
25 MHz10 MHz 25 MHz10 MHz4 MHz 4 MHz
DownlinkUplink
R- GSM R- GSME-GSME-GSM
GSM-R Terminals
20 GSM channels available for GSM-R frequencies
876 880 890 915 921 925 935 960
GSM-R 7
GSM-R Advantages
• High Reliability • Improved responsiveness• High Reliability • Improved responsiveness
• Lower infrastructure costs• Interoperability with international networks• Benefits from global GSM R&D program
and economies of scale
• Lower infrastructure costs• Interoperability with international networks• Benefits from global GSM R&D program
and economies of scale
• Simplified maintenance• Simplified maintenance
• Reduced licence fees• Reduced licence fees
• Reduced training costs• Improved operational efficiency• Reduced training costs• Improved operational efficiency
• Improved passengers satisfaction• New revenue generation source• Improved passengers satisfaction• New revenue generation source
Single frequency utilizationSingle frequency utilization
New passengers applicationsNew passengers applications
Common Standard technologyCommon Standard technology
Centralized OA&MCentralized OA&M
Shared infrastructureShared infrastructure
Standard applications with common interfaceStandard applications with common interface
EIRENE’s business case identified GSM-R as the most appropriate technology
EIRENE’s business case identified GSM-R as the most appropriate technology
GSM-R 8
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Nortel’s Solution
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Nortel’s Solution
GSM-R 9
Track to train communications
DMS-MSCDMS-MSC
VOICEData Network
Controller - Driver Communications : provide communications between the controller(s) and driver to control and enhance the safety of train movements.
Controller Controller -- Driver CommunicationsDriver Communications : provide communications between the controller(s) and driver to control and enhance the safety of train movements.
• Sending of Position InformationMessages from the Train to the TCC
• Sending of Movement AuthorityMessages from Train Control Center to Train
• Sending of Position InformationPosition InformationMessages from the Train to the TCC
• Sending of Movement AuthorityMovement AuthorityMessages from Train Control Center to Train
• Air conditioning• Brake testing equipment• Fixed installations such as points or
level crossing barraries
• Air conditioning• Brake testing equipment• Fixed installations such as points or
level crossing barraries
Remote Control supportsbidirectional data flow between fixed center and the train
Remote ControlRemote Control supportsbidirectional data flow between fixed center and the train
Automatic Train Controlis the process by which the movement of a train is influenced without any action by the driver
Automatic Train ControlAutomatic Train Controlis the process by which the movement of a train is influenced without any action by the driver
GSM-R 10
Emergency Area BroadcastEmergency Area Broadcast is required to alert other railway staff in a specific area of an emergency situation.
The feature supports:• Fast Call Setup• Area definition• Single emergency key stroke: Red button• Origination from controllers or other wireline subscribers, train driver, shunting, trackside worker or any other type of user at risk
DMS-MSCDMS-MSC
Voice
GSM-R 11
Shunting and Trackside Maintenance
Communications between:• shunting leader• shunting driver• other shunting team members• signal man (fixed network)• shunting manager (fixed network)• train controller (fixed network)
Communications between:• shunting leader• shunting driver• other shunting team members• signal man (fixed network)• shunting manager (fixed network)• train controller (fixed network)
• Voice group calls between workers at a site • Wide area communication: workers at a site,
distant workers or fixed network positions (controllers, stations, technical department,..)
• Supports automatic track warning systems
• Voice group calls between workers at a site • Wide area communication: workers at a site,
distant workers or fixed network positions (controllers, stations, technical department,..)
• Supports automatic track warning systems
ShuntingShunting
Trackside Maintenance Trackside Maintenance
GSM-R 12
And other services ...
• Voice communication support for on board Staff to increase efficiency of operations
• Customer support services: public addresses by voice, seat reservation, timetables
• Revenue generating Data services eg. Ticketing and information services
• Voice communication support for on board Staff to increase efficiency of operations
• Customer support services: public addresses by voice, seat reservation, timetables
• Revenue generating Data services eg. Ticketing and information services
• Track side, non train-originated communication (eg. Road vehicles, track inspectors, railway police, access to private network or PSTN)
• Railroad maintenance communication
• Track side, non train-originated communication (eg. Road vehicles, track inspectors, railway police, access to private network or PSTN)
• Railroad maintenance communication
• Coin operated telephone or telefaxcommunication for on board passengers
• Access to the Internet
• Coin operated telephone or telefaxcommunication for on board passengers
• Access to the Internet
Train support CommunicationsTrain support Communications
Wide Area CommunicationsWide Area Communications
Passenger services Passenger services
• General radio• General radioLocal communications at stations and depotsLocal communications at stations and depots
GSM-R 13
Covered Areas
Railways Train Stations
Copyright © 1996 Northern Telecom
Railroad DepotsTunnels
GSM-R 14
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Nortel’s Solution
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Nortel’s Solution
GSM-R 15
Network features and functions
GSM InfrastructureGSM Infrastructure
eMLPPeMLPP VBSVBS VGCSVGCSTelecommunicationTelecommunicationServices Services -- ASCIASCI
FunctionalFunctionalAddressingAddressing
LocationLocationDependentDependentAddressingAddressing
AccessAccessMatrixMatrix
Railway OperationRailway OperationAspectsAspects
Railway ApplicationsRailway Applications
Presentation Presentation of Functionalof Functional
NumbersNumbers
Controller-Driver Operational Communications
Automatic Train Control
Remote Control
Emergency Area Broadcast
Shunting
Trackside Maintenance
Train Support Communications
Local Communications at Station and Depots
Wide Area Communications
Passenger Services
GSM-R 16
GSM-R specific functions & features
eMLPPeMLPP
VBSVBS
VGCSVGCS
TelecomTelecom--municationmunicationServices Services --Advanced Advanced speech call speech call items (ASCI)items (ASCI)
FunctionalFunctionalAddressingAddressing
LocationLocationDependentDependentAddressingAddressing
AccessAccessMatrixMatrix
Railway Railway OperationOperationAspectsAspects
Presentation ofPresentation ofFunctionalFunctionalNumbersNumbers
Allows a user or an application to be reached Allows a user or an application to be reached by means of a number which identifies the by means of a number which identifies the relevant function and not the physical terminalrelevant function and not the physical terminalPresents visual information about the call Presents visual information about the call destination and origination via user to user destination and origination via user to user signallingsignalling
Provides access control within/among groups of Provides access control within/among groups of usersusers
Provides the routing of mobile originated calls to Provides the routing of mobile originated calls to the correct controllerthe correct controller
enhanced Multienhanced Multi--Level Precedence andLevel Precedence and PreemptionPreemptionallowing resourceallowing resource preemptionpreemption for priority callsfor priority calls
Voice Broadcast Services allowing groups of users Voice Broadcast Services allowing groups of users to receive common information to receive common information
Voice Group Call Service allowing groups of users Voice Group Call Service allowing groups of users to make calls within/among the groups to make calls within/among the groups
Dedicated functions requiring reliability, speed and flexiblityDedicated functions requiring reliability, speed and flexiblity
GSM-R 17
Enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption Service
eMLPP service prevents network congestion while ensuringprioritized connection for emergency situations and specific users.
The eMLPP service consists of 2 parts:
Precedence - assigns a priority level for call setup and call continuity in case of handover.Pre-emption - in the absence of idle resources, a call of higher level precedence can seize the resources being used for a call of lower precedence
eMLPP service prevents network congestion while ensuringprioritized connection for emergency situations and specific users.
The eMLPP service consists of 2 parts:
Precedence - assigns a priority level for call setup and call continuity in case of handover.Pre-emption - in the absence of idle resources, a call of higher level precedence can seize the resources being used for a call of lower precedence
eMLpp service applies to:• Point-to-point calls• Voice Broadcast Service• Voice Group Call Service
Priority LevelsPriority Levels
Call SetCall Set--upupClassClass
eMLPPeMLPP
Pre-emptionCapabilities
QueuingQueuing
GSM-R 18
Voice Broadcast Service
Voice Broadcast Service allows the distribution of speech originated by:
•a service subscriber
•a dispatcher
to all or a group of service subscribers located in a pre-defined geographical area
A standard full duplex channel is provided to the originator of VBS
A Simplex channel is provided to the receiving subscribers
One common simplex downlink per cell of the VBS Group Call Area is allocated for frequency efficiency
Voice Broadcast Service allows the distribution of speech originated by:
•a service subscriber
•a dispatcher
to all or a group of service subscribers located in a pre-defined geographical area
A standard full duplex channel is provided to the originator of VBS
A Simplex channel is provided to the receiving subscribers
One common simplex downlink per cell of the VBS Group Call Area is allocated for frequency efficiency
DispatcherDispatcher
VBSOriginatingSubscriber
DispatcherDispatcher
GCA 1
GCA 2
GCA 3
GSM-R 19
Voice Group Call Service allows a group of service subscribers in a pre-defined service area to have a speech conversation
Voice Group Call Service includes all the functionalities in Voice Broadcast Service
In addition, the originator can pass the full duplex channel to another subscriber
Dispatchers involved in the group calls can talk at any moment, while service subscribers have to signal when they wish to talk
Voice Group Call Service
Dispatcher
ShuntingLeader
ShuntingTeam
Members
Driver
ShuntingShuntingGroupGroup
CallCall
GSM-R 20
Functional Addressing
Functional Addressing allows a user or an application to be reached by means of a number which identifies the relevant function and not the physical terminal
The GSM features involved are:àUSSD for Registration, deregistration and interrogation of functional numbersà “Follow Me” for call setupFunctional HLR manages the mapping of Functional Numberto MSISDNFunctional numbers presentation using the end-to-end supplementary service UUS1 (user-to-user signaling)ControllerController
Controller calling a FunctionalNumber to reach the driver ona specific train number
GMSCGMSC
HLRm
FixedNetwork
IMSI MSISDN
MSC/VLRMSC/VLR
GCR
Functional # CFU MSISDN
Functional HLR
GSM-R 21
Location Dependent Addressingallows the routing of mobile originated calls to the correct controller by evaluating the mobile subscribers actual location at the time.
Location Dependent Addressing will initially be based on the Cell Specific Routing procedures - Short code triggered Mobile originated calls are routed based on Cell Of Origin, as defined by EIRENE and MORANE.
More accurate positioning of the train can be achieved by:àExternal positional deviceàIN based Location Dependent Addressing
Location Dependent Addressing
Controller #2
ISDNISDN
Controller #1
1 Train Driver originates a call using a
specific Short Code
BBSSCC
BBSSCC
DMSDMS--HLRHLR
AUC DMSDMS--MSCMSC
VLR
BBTTSS
BBTTSS
2 MSC then routes the call based on the Cell Identification, to the appropriate controller of that train area
GSM-R 22
Access Matrix
à Each GSM-R functional call is screened to determine if a connection between the originator’s function and the terminator’s function is allowed according to the defined Access Matrix.
à For each originating function, the Access Matrix defines the terminating functions which allow connection.
à The originator Class Of Registration is stored in the HLRm function.à The terminator’s Class of Registration (and function) is derived from the Railway
Subscriber Number dialed digits
LeadingDriver
OtherDrivers
OperationsSupport
Train Prep &SupervisionSystems
Customer SupportSystems
Ticketing
TrainControlerLeadingDriver
OtherDrivers
OperationsSupport
Train Prep &SupervisionSystemsCustomer SupportSystems
Ticketing
X X
X
X X
TrainControler
X
X
X
X
GSM-R 23
• Nortel Overview
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Vendor’s Solution
• Nortel Overview
• Introduction to GSM-R
• Railway Applications
• Network Features & Functions
• Vendor’s Solution
GSM-R 24
BBTTSS
BBSSCC
BBSSCC
BBSSCC
BBSSCC
PSTN/PLMN/
Data Network/ISDN
OtherEIRENEsystem
ServiceBuilderIN
SCPSCE
ServiceBuilder IN
MSCMSC
HLR
VLR GCR
AUC
BBTTSS
BBTTSS
BBTTSS
BBTTSS
OPTION
Infrastructure of the network
PABX
CAB RADIO
Operational Radio
General purpose RadioVMSVMS SMSSMSEIREIROMC-S
OMC-R
OSS
ATC Centers
Dispatcher centers
Data Network
LAN
Data Data ServerServer
GSM-R 25
BSS impact
RBS to be adapted to support• GSM-R frequencies• ASCI feature
RBS to be adapted to support• GSM-R frequencies• ASCI feature
BSC to be adapted to support ASCI features :• Group call management• New channels management
BSC to be adapted to support ASCI features :• Group call management• New channels management
GSM-R 26
High Speed impacts
High Speed affects signal qualityVendor’s antidistorsion algorithm enhances received signal quality
High Speed affects signal qualityVendor’s antidistorsion algorithm enhances received signal quality
RxQual follows signal strenght
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 (dB)
1e-3
1e-2
1e-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
RXQ
UAL
BER
Eb/N0
Legend1 Antennacorr. = 1 (sep=.01wl)corr. = .9 (sep=.5wl)corr. = .6 (sep=1wl)corr. = .2 (sep=9wl)corr. = .2 (sep=20wl)
500 km/h
Poor & saturatedRxQual
GSM-R 27
High Speed Handover
10 km500 km/h
1 Handover every 70 s
Handling of fast mobility within GSM-R networks:Early Hand-Over Decision Algorithm
Handling of fast mobility within GSM-R networks:Early Hand-Over Decision Algorithm
GSM-R 28
NSS impact
• Group call management • Maximum priority per subscriber (HLR)• New element : Group Call Register (GCR)
Contains information on group calls : group ID, a list of dispatchers, Group Call Area (GCA), priority associated to a broadcast call, etc.
ServiceBuilderTM
Intelligent Network
Service Creation and Management Environment
SCPSCPSCP(CSE)(CSE)(CSE)
SMCSMCSMC
IN based sulution to support• Functional Adressing• Location Dependant Adressing• Access Matrix• Other IN services : VPN, Welcome to this Area,
Location Inquiry (for location dependent information alert)
HLR
GCR
AUC
VLR
DMS-MSC
GSM-R 29
GSM-R Terminals
HandsetsHandsets• General purpose radio• Operational Radio• Shunting
Trackside terminalsTrackside terminals Using GALA terminals as trackside emergency phones
“Cab RadioCab Radio• Track-to-Train radio, ATC, Data• Redundant ATC access (2 ETCS Interfaces)• Support of 2 cabs (driver positions)• Driver can use Handheld when leaving cab
Integration of Railway specific featuresCan use the public GSM network as a fall-back
Integration of Railway specific featuresCan use the public GSM network as a fall-back
GSM-R 30
Cab Radio System (Planned)
• Track-to-Train radio, ATC, Data Communication (Remote Train Diag.)• Redundant ATC access (2 ETCS Interfaces)• Support of 2 cabs (driver positions) for driver MMI• MMI based on MORANE/EIRENE guidelines• Driver can use Handheld (HH) when leaving cab for train inspection)• Compatibility with existing equipment (On-Board cabling,..)
• Track-to-Train radio, ATC, Data Communication (Remote Train Diag.)• Redundant ATC access (2 ETCS Interfaces)• Support of 2 cabs (driver positions) for driver MMI• MMI based on MORANE/EIRENE guidelines• Driver can use Handheld (HH) when leaving cab for train inspection)• Compatibility with existing equipment (On-Board cabling,..)
MT Mobile TeminalHH Handheld TerminalRCS Radio Channel ServerD DataV VoicePS. Power SupplyETCS European Train Control
SystemEMS EIRENE Mobile Station
Service Interface
Intercom / PA (UIC 568)
Parallel I/F
Fax / Data Modem (RS 422)
ETCS #1ETCS #2
Event Recorder
MT MTMT
VVVD D D
RCS
PS1 PS2
HH
Direction Switch ForewardDirection Switch Backward
Cab #1 Cab #2
PS1
Portable Cab Radio
EMS HH
Portable Cab Radio
GSM-R 31
Capacity and Dimensioning issues
3Processing and management of group calls
3Priority level management
3High percentage of IN calls
3Processing and management of group calls
3Priority level management
3High percentage of IN calls
3Group call management3 Load depends on Group Call Area size
3Group call management3 Load depends on Group Call Area size
3Long Group calls (shunting) and ATC3 High percentage of data and IN calls3Mobility
3Long Group calls (shunting) and ATC3 High percentage of data and IN calls3Mobility
3 Group calls : 1 TCH per cell per call3 NCH : impact on AGCH and PCH capability3 Data calls
3 Group calls : 1 TCH per cell per call3 NCH : impact on AGCH and PCH capability3 Data calls
3Group Calls3IN calls
3Group Calls3IN calls
MSC CapacityMSC Capacity
BSC CapacityBSC Capacity
New Call ProfileNew Call Profile
Air InterfaceAir Interface
A - InterfaceA - Interface
GSM-R 32
Future markets in Europe
AustriaAustria
2 000 km2 000 km
FranceFrance
13 000 km13 000 km
SpainSpain
5 000 km5 000 km
GermanyGermany30 000 km30 000 km
ItalyItaly
1 000 km1 000 km
SwedenSweden
7 000 km7 000 km
BeneluxBenelux
3 000 km3 000 km
SwitzerlandSwitzerland
GSM-R 33
Mapping of applications to functions
Train Controller calling train driver
Controller informing group of train or users in its area
Train driver calling train contoller
Driver communicating with other on-train drivers
Preparation of shunting
Conducting shunting movement
Emergency call (general, shunting,..)
High priority call; no ressources available in BSS
Functional addressing, eMLPP
Functional addressing, eMLPPVoice Broadcast service
Location dependent addressingeMLPP
Multi-party call, eMLPPon-board wired system
Voice Group Call Service, eMLPP (low priority)
Voice Group Call Service, eMLPP (high priority)link assurance signal
eMLPP with fast call setup,Voice Group Call Service
eMLPP- Resource pre-emption