gsm mohammad al-adwan. introduction gsm (global system for mobile communications, originally groupe...
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GSM
Mohammad AL-adwan
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Introduction
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications, originally Groupe Spécial Mobile), is a standard developed by (ETSI) to describe protocols for second generation (2G) digital cellular networks used by mobile phones.
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1st Generation
• First use in Tokyo in 1979• Analog System• FDMA • Bw = 40 MHz between 800-900 MHz• 832 channels• 10 kbps• Voice Only
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2nd Generation
• First use at end of 1980s• Digital System• TDMA / CDMA• 384 kbps• Voice and Data
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3rd Generation
• First use in 2001• Digital System• WCDMA• Downlink : 14.4 Mbps || Uplink : 5.8 Mbps• Voice and Data
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4th Generation
• Started in 2010 but used in 2013• Digital System• WCDMA• Downlink : 1 Gbps || Uplink : 0.5 Gbps• Voice and Data
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1st Look
MSC
BS
BS
MS
MS
MSBS
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1st Look
MSC
Mobile Switching Center is the head of the cellular communications process .
Any provider must have one MSC at least .
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1st Look
MSC
BS
BS
MS
MS
MSBS
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1st Look
BSBase Stations function is to propagate and receive EM waves .GSM is a cellular network, which means that cell phones connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity. There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network—macro, micro, pico , femto , and umbrella cells.
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1st Look
BS
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Some more base station equipment
Typical macro cellTypical micro cell
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1st Look
MSC
BS
BS
MS
MS
MSBS
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1st Look
MS
Mobile Stations are the mobile phones .In general any device have a GSM module and SIM card (Subscriber Identity Module) .
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Call Flow [ 2 MS’s in the same cell ]
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Call Flow [ 2 MS’s in different cells ]MSC
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Challenges of GSM
1. Co-Channel Interference2. Adjacent Channel Interference
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Co-Channel Interference
• Frequency Reuse
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Co-Channel Interference
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Adjacent Channel Interference
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Frequency Bands In Jordan
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Any Question ??
Thank You