GROUP MEMBERS

THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE

STATE:MALACCA

DATE:1511-1524

LEADER:SULTAN MAHMUD

INTERVENTIONIST FACTORSULTAN MAHMUD TRIED REPEATEDLY TO WIN BACK MALACCA FROM THE PORTUGESETHE ATTEMPTS FAILED UNTIL SULTAN MAHMUD DIED IN 1528 IN KAMPARTHR STRUGGLE WAS CARRIED ON BY THE MALAYS FROM ACHEH AND JOHORE BETWEEN 1522-1596

STATE:NANING

DATE:1831-1832

LEADER:PENGHULU DOL SAID

STATE:SELANGOR

DATE:1874

LEADER:RAJA MAHADI

INTERVENTIONIST FACTOR:KELANG WAR(RAJA MAHADI AND OTHER LOCAL OFFICIALS OBJECTED TO THE APPOINMENT OF TENGKU KUDIN BY THE BRITISH AS THE SELANGOR VICEROY)TENGKU KUDIN RECEIVED HELP FROM KAPITAN CINA YAP AH LOY, AND THE BRITISH.THE BRITISH ATTACKED RAJA MAHADI BECAUSE HE WAS SAID TO HAVE PIRATE ACTIVITYRAJA MAHADI OPPOSITON ENDED IN MARCH 1874 HE ESCAPE TO SUNGAI UJUNG.

STATE:PERAK

DATE:1875

LEADER:SULTAN ABDULLAHRAJA ISMAILDATO’ MAHARAJALELATOK SAGOR

INTERVENTIONIST FACTORDATO MAHARAJALELA, TOK SAGOR, AND PANDAK ENDUT DECIDED TO ATTACKED BRITISH AND SEPUTUM KILLED RESIDENT J.W.W BIRCH IN NOV 1875 AT PASIR SALAKTHE CONSEQUENCES, THEY WAS SENTENCED TO DEATH BY HANGING AT MATANG IN JANUARY 1876 SULTAN ABDULLAH, NGAH IBRAHIM, DATUK LAKSMANA, AND DATUK SYAHBANDAR WERE EXILED TO PULAU SEYCHELLES AND RAJA ISMAIL TO JOHOREOPPOSITION BECAUSE OF RESTRICTION ON THE SULTAN, SANCTION AGAINST THE COLLECTION OF TAXES BY THE LOCAL OFFICIALS, SUDDEN CHANGES IN ADMINISTRATION, IGNORANCE ON THE PART OF THE BRITISH IN UNDERSTANDING MALAY CUSTOMS AND CEREMONIES AND THE ARROGANCE OF BRITISH

STATE:NEGERI SEMBILAN

DATE:1875-1876

LEADER:TENGKU ANTAH

INTERVENTIONIST FACTORQUARRELS BETWEEN TENGKU ANTAH AND DATO’ KELANATHE APPOINMENTOF TENGKU ANTAH AS YAMTUAN BESAR WAS NOT AGREED WITH THE APPOINMENT OF DATO’ KELANA AS THE SUNGAI UJONG LEADERTHE BRITISH SIDED DATO’ KELANA TO ATTACK TENGKU ANTAH, HOWEVER TO BE SAVED TENGKU ANTAH HAD SIGNED THE AGREEMENT WITH BRITISH AND HE WAS APPOINTED TO BE YAMYUAN BESAR SERI MENANTIAT THE SAME TIME, THE BRITISH ENTERED NEGERI SEMBILAN

STATE:PAHANG

DATE:1891-1895

LEADER:TOK GAJAHDATO’ BAHAMANMAT KILAU

INTERVENTIONIST FACTOROPPOSITION STARTS WHEN J.P RODGER WAS APPOINTED AS RESIDENT OF PAHANG IN 1888 AND INTRODUCED THE POST “TAX COLLECTORAND MAGISTRATE”LOCAL DIGNITARIES LOST THEIR SOURCE OF INCOME FROM TAXES A HOLY WAR WAS LAUNCHED AGAINST BRITISHTOK GAJAH, DATO’ BAHAMAN AND MAT KILAU ATTACKED LUBUK TRUA AND KUALA TEMBELING POLICE STATION CONQUERED TEMERLOH AND BRITISH AT JERAM REMPAIFINALLY, BRITISH GOT JERAM REMPAI BACK. TOK GAJAH, DATO’ BAHAMAN AND MAT KILAU WERE EXILED TO TERENGANU, KELANTAN AND SIAM.

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