group design project final presentation

7/28/2019 Group Design Project Final Presentation

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SMART WATERSMART POWERH2.0

Group 3 Members:

Ryan McCartney (Project Leader)

Julian Phatarfod (Liaison Officer)

Ahmad Al IdelbiMehdi Bedja

Divya Bhanderi

Clinton Chan

Grace Lee

Steve Moore

Charalambos Spanos

FinalPresentation

Clients:

Dr. Ivan Stoianov (Imperial College)

Dr. James Kierstead (Imperial College)

Mr. Laurie Reynolds (Aquamatix)

Mr. Danny Ball (Bristol Water)


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Water Utility Companies

WATER UTILITIES!

Water

Customers!Pump

Scheduling

StorageReservoir

Maintaining a regulated service to customers


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Water Utility Companies


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Current State of the Art

Large Electricity Consumers!Approx. 3% of the UKs usage!Up to 90% from pumping!Aim to minimise pumping costs!

Water UtilityCompanies !


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Water Utilities and National Grid


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Water Utilities and National Grid

!!

!NATIONAL

GRIDTariffs andContracts

WATERUTILITIES

Managing large consumers of electricity


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Electricity Bought in Advance!Time-of-use (TOU) Tariff!Minimise exposure to fluctuations!Less cost-effective!



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Pump Schedule!Avoid consuming during peak periods !Avoid penalty charge times (triad)!



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Pump Schedule!Avoid consuming during peak periods !Avoid penalty charge times (triad)!

Fixed Speed Pumps!Inefficient !Cannot manage fluctuations!



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National Grid

!!

!

!

!

LoadBalancing

Consumers(Demand)

Generators(Supply)

NATIONAL GRID

Maintaining a regulated service to customers


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Energy Systems in the Future

EU Renewables Obligations

UK Target increase to15% by 2020

Wind Power

Highest renewable generation source (currently 5.7%)

Stochastic Behaviour

Unpredictable and uncontrollable generation


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Project ObjectiveTo assess the techno-economic feasibility of optimising pumpschedulingto enable water utility companies to actively participatein load balancing within electricity distribution grids in order to

facilitate the increasing generation from renewable sources.


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!

NATIONALGRID

WATERUTILITIES

!

ManagingLarge

Consumers

FEASIBILITYSTUDY

DomesticConsumers!

LoadBalancing

Generation

(Supply)Consumption

(Demand)

Storage?

DomesticConsumers

PumpScheduling

(Optimisation)

Non-RenewableEnergy

RenewableEnergy

Customers

(Demand)

Storage(Supply)

!

StorageReservoir


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Linear SystemDecoupling hydraulic model from optimisation process

Single Matrix FormulationAvoidance of implicit equations

Key AssumptionsNetwork segmentation to simplify the model

Optimising Pump Schedule


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Optimising Pump Schedule


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Mass Balance Reservoir Pump

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Upper Bound Lower Bound

Constraints


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Hydraulics

Flows&

Pressures&&Tank&Levels&


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Affinity Laws

Q = Flow

N = Pump SpeedH = Total HeadP = Power

Hydraulics


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!

NATIONAL

GRID

LoadBalancing

Generation(Supply)

Consumption(Demand)

Storage?

DomesticConsumers

Non-RenewableEnergy

RenewableEnergy

!


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Storage Issues

UK installed pumped hydro capacity: 2800MW

Equivalent to only 2.43% of the peak winter electricity demand

Pumped Hydro Electrochemical


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0.00!

20.00!

40.00!

60.00!

80.00!

100.00!

120.00!

0!

5000!

10000!

15000!

20000!

25000!

12:00 AM! 3:00 AM! 6:00 AM! 9:00 AM! 12:00 PM! 3:00 PM! 6:00 PM! 9:00 PM!

EectySMkePce(MW

PwGao(MW

Settlement Period!

Electricity Generation from different sources on

02/03/2013!

Coal!

Electricity Spot Price!

CCGT!

Wind!

Nuclear!


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Probability of Reaching Installed Capacity


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Electricity Spot Price Variability


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Low Renewables Penetration


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High Renewables Penetration


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Six different cases:

Assessing impact of renewables

Simulating emergency situations

Case Studies


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Tank 1

!! ! !! ! !! ! !!

DemandNetwork

Reservoir

Pump

Tank 2

! ! !! ! !! ! !!

Pump

DemandNetwork

Case Studies

Simplified Network for Optimisation

Tank Demand Profiles


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Key Performance Indicators

Results of Case Studies assessed on:


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Current state of pump optimisation

Low renewables penetration

Relies on avoiding peak tariff period

Case Study I

NullScenario


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Linear optimisation of pump schedule

Low renewables penetration (5.7%)

Spot market prices for real time price fluctuations

Case Study II


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Linear optimisation of pump schedule

High renewables penetration (15%)

Spot market prices with additional volatility to model wind effects

Case Study III


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Simulation of a pipe burst


Burst lasts for two hours;

modelled as a fourfold increase indemand at the industrial node

Case Study IV


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Storm surge simulation: change of reservoir limits


Surge not to pass above 50% of net capacity of tanks

Case Study V


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Simulation of pump maintenance work


Booster pump is forced offline for two hours

Case Study VI


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Results Summary

Case Study I II III IV V VI

Cost

[]

Carbon[kg]

Efficiency[%]

EnergyUsage

[MWh]

119.96 100.45 92.98 102.53 100.9 101.2

477.55 441.62 397.73 466.81 447.02 450.66

N/A 16.26 22.49 14.53 15.89 15.64

0.871 0.805 0.725 0.851 0.815 0.822


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National Grid: Balancing Mechanism!

Hours 240 mins

BM Start Up STORDemand Management

Fast Start

Fast Reserve

FCDM

Frequency Response

Real Time

5 mins

RESPONSETIME

2 mins


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National Grid: Balancing Mechanism!

Hours 240 mins

BM Start Up STORDemand Management

Fast Start

Fast Reserve

FCDM

Frequency Response

Real Time

5 mins

RESPONSETIME

2 mins


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Balancing by Demand Reduction


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Risk Assessment!!

!

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High%

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High%

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Low%

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Low% Medium% High% Very%High%

Impact'

Probability

'

Lack!of!sufficient!

water!pressure!!

Increased!Spot!

price!volatility!

!

Burst!pipes!due!to!

pressure!surges!

!

Policy!reversal:

Reduction!in!

renewables!

Model!error!

!


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Sustainability

Future Renewable Scenarios

Making water utility companies compatible with future energy systems

Carbon Optimisation

Shifting focus from cost to carbon - potential multi objective function

Pump Efficiency

Improving pumps from fixed to variable speed


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Recommendations

Optimise

Implement pump schedule optimisation model

Invest

Improve efficiency of pumps with variable speed drives

Balance

Provide a load balancing service to the National Grid (STOR)

SMART WATERH2 0


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SMART WATERSMART POWERH2.0

Final

Presentation

Thank you for attending.

Please feel free to ask any questions.

Many thanks to Laurie Reynolds, Simon Bunn, Danny Ball

and the support from our clients at Imperial College

Visit our website at:

www.h2point0.org

Folllow us on Twitter:

@SmartWaterGDP

#GPDesignPS
http://www.h2point0.org/http://www.h2point0.org/

group design project final presentation

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