group 1 nursing informatics
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GROUP 1 Nursing InformaticsTRANSCRIPT
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HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES OF NURSING AND THE
COMPUTERPrepared by:
Group 2 Members
Atoc, Jonel
Agusto, Jhoanne Aynrand
Cassanillo, Marilou
Castillo, Ceddron
Pasok, Marie Antoniette
Tapanan, Cherry Love
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Computer is the most powerful technological tool to transform the nursing profession prior to the new century.
Today and tomorrow the computer and internet are essential for all settings were nurses function-hospitals, ambulatory care centers and schools of nursing.
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MAJOR HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES OF NURSING
AND COMPUTERS
Computer technology emerge in nursing in response to the changing and developing technologies in the health care industry and in nursing practice.
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HOW IT STARTED?
• Prior to 1960s
- there were only a few experts who formed a cadre of pioneers that attempted to adapt computers to health care and nursing.
- the image of nursing was improving
- computers were used for basic business office functions
- used punch cards to store data and card readers to read computer programs, sort, and prepare data for processing.
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1960s
-uses of computer technology in health care setting began to be questioned.
-nurses station in the hospital was viewed as the hub of information exchange.
-during this period, computer technology advanced, while the number of health care facilities increased.
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- introduction of cathode ray tube terminals, online data communication, and real time processing added important dimensions to the computer system.
- hospital information systems were developed primarily to process financial transactions and serve as billing and accounting systems.
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- vendors of computer systems were beginning to enter the health care field.
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1970s
- continued integration of computers into nursing.
- improvement of documentation (nurses chart, vital signs, etc.)
- mainframe HIS were designed and develop management of care
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- during this period, several states and large community health agencies developed.
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• 1980s
- the field of informatics emerged in the health care industry and nursing.
- updates on practice standards
- mainframe HISs emerged with nursing subsystems.
- discharged planning system were developed and used as referrals to community health care facilities.
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- microcomputer or personal computer (PC) emerged.
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• 1990s
computer technology became an integral part of health care settings, nursing practice, and the nursing profession.
during 1992, NI was approved by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as a new nursing specialty.
smaller and faster computers-laptops and notebooks arise
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- workstations, local area networks (LANs) and wide area networks (WANs) were developed.
- introduction of internet
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• Post 2000
- torrid pace of hardware and software development and growth
- wireless point-of-care developed
- clinical information systems became individualized in the electronic patient record (EPR) and lifelong longitudinal record or the electronic health record (EHR)
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- personal digital assistance (PDA) and smart cellular telephones continued to advanced
- use of Voice over internet protocol (VoIP)
- critical care units are monitored remotely by health care provides (eICU)
- Telenursing is increasing in popularity and providing patient care in an efficient and expeditious fashion.
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- health insurance portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) was enacted.
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FOUR MAJOR NURSING AREAS
Nursing practice
Nursing administration
Nursing education
Nursing research
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NURSING PRACTICE
It become a integral part of the EHR
Emerged with the introduction of several nursing terminologies that were recognized by the ANA .
They are use to assess problems, document care and etc.
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NURSING ADMINISTRATION
Nursing administration has also changed with the introduction of the computers that links nursing department together.
Internet is being used by nurses to accessed digital libraries, online resources and research protocols at bedside
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NURSING EDUCATION
Most universities and schools of nursing offer computer in enhancing courses, online courses and or distance education
Live classroom lectures via digital telephone lines arise.
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NURSING RESEARCH
Provides the impetus to used the computer for analyzing nursing data.
Software programs are available for processing both quantitative and qualitative research data.
Computer technology data bases supporting nursing research emerged
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STANDARDS INITIATIVES
Nursing practice
Nursing data
Health care data standards
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NURSING PRACTICE STANDARDS
Developed and recommended by the ANA
They recommended that nursing process serve as a conceptual framework for the documentation of nursing practice.
Joint commission on accreditation of hospital organizations which stressed the need for adequate records on patients in hospitals practice standards
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NURSING DATA STANDARD
Emerged as a new requirements for EHR
13 nursing terminologies that have been recognized by the ANA
Critical care classification system
Nursing information classification
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HEALTH CARE DATA STANDARDS ORGANIZATIONS
It is a critical review the standards organizations that have emerged to either develop or recommend health care data standards that should be recommended to the federal government as required health care data standards
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LANDMARK EVENTS IN NURSING AND COMPUTERS
• Introduced 35 years ago
• The landmark events were describe by the following categories:
early conferences, meetings
Early academic initiatives
Initial ANA initiatives
Initial national league for nursing initiatives
Early international initiatives
Initial educational resources
Significant collaborative events