groundwater quality baseline investigations in estonia
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Groundwater quality Baseline investigations in Estonia
Andres Marandi
November 10th, 2011, Riga
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Baseline conceptThe range of concentrations of a given element, species or chemical substance present in solution, being derived from natural geological, biological or atmospheric sources.
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The range of concentrations of a given element, species or chemical substance present in solution, being derived from natural geological, biological or atmospheric sources
The natural baseline concentration varies spatially in relation to many factors such as geology and temporally with residents time
Baseline concept
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Baseline conceptThe range of concentrations of a given element, species or chemical substance present in solution, being derived from natural geological, biological or atmospheric sources
The natural baseline concentration varies spatially in relation to many factors such as geology and temporally with residents time
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Estonian geology
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Historical data versus new data
No significant differences between "old" and "new" data
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Distribution of TDS in CVAS
300 mg/l in north
16 g/l in south
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Groundwater chemical types in CVAS
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Buried valleys act as recharge areas for CVAS in N-Estonia
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Recharge of modern precipitation is marked by d18O
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• Intensive abstraction
• Depressione cone
Conceptual model for V2vr in NE-Estonia
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Conceptual model for V2vr in NE-Estonia
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Natural background
• low in SO4
• Variation in HCO3/Cl
• High in Na
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• HCO3/Cl ~1
Natural background
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Seawater intrusion
• Increase of Cl content during last 10 year
Sillamäe water supply well:
• Change in water type towards seawater
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• HCO3 decreasing
• TDS increasing
Seawater intrusion
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• Increase in HCO3 and Ca
Recharge from buried valleys
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• HCO3/Cl increasing
• TDS decreasing
Recharge from buried valleys
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• Stable isotope sampling of water (34S, 13C-DIC, 18O, 2H)
• gas isotopes sampling(13C-CH4)
• Radioactive isotope sampling (14C)
• Major ion sampling
Current activities in Estonia