gross anatomy of the cns s.j. potashner [email protected]
TRANSCRIPT
The nervous system has distinct areas that are specialized for different (sub)functions.
The distinct functional areas have different locations inside the nervous system, and they interact by signaling to one another along networks of cells.
These components are organized into sub-systems (usually called ‘systems’) each of which performs specific functions.
Many of these ‘systems’ span the length of the nervous system.
GOALS
Learn some language of gross anatomy
Learn the major subdivisions of the nervous system
Recognize the cardinal features of each subdivision
Learn the entry/exit points of the peripheral nerves
Anatomic Taxonomy
FrontalCoronal
MedianSagittal
HorizontalAxial
Terms of Direction
MedialLateralIpsilateralContralateral
Anterior, RostralPosterior, CaudalVentralDorsal
Superior, Rostral, CranialInferior, Caudal
Anatomical Planes
Dorsal
Ventral
Rostral
Caudal
RostralCaudal
Superior
Inferior
Caudal
DorsalVentral
Terms ofDirection
Spinal cord
Cerebrum
Human CNS Subdivisions
Cerebrum
Spinal cord
Cerebellum
MedullaPons
Midbrain
Thalamus
Rat CNS Subdivisions
Cerebrum
Surface Features: Lateral Cerebrum
Caudal
Longitudinal fissure
Rostral
Lateral fissure
Central sulcus
Preoccipital notch
Frontal
lobe
Temporal
lobe
Occipital
lobe
Parietal
lobe
Rostral
Caudal
Surface Features: Medial Cerebrum
Central sulcus
RostralCaudal
Parieto-occipitalsulcus
Cingulate sulcus
Frontal
lobeParietallobe
Occipital
lobe
Temporallobe
Caudal
Rostral
Surface Features: Thalamus
Dorsal thalamus
Hypothalamicsulcus
Hypothalamus
Optic nerve
Surface Features: Midbrain
Aqueduct
Oculomotor nerve
Cerebral peduncle
Superior colliculus
Inferior colliculus
Surface Features: Pons
Pontine protuberance
Cerebellum
Surface Features: Medulla
Surface Features: Ventral Brain Stem
Med
Pons
MiTh
Cerebellum
Frontallobe
Temporallobe
Lateral fissure
Olfactory bulb
Olfactory tract
Spinal levels
Vertebrallevels
Spinal Cord
Surface Features: Spinal Cord