grm 2011: keynote address-2: integrated breeding -- impact and challenges for crop productivity in...
TRANSCRIPT
Integrated Breeding: Impact and challenges on crop productivity in African
poor farmers fields
James G. Gethi KARI Katumani
P.O. Box 340-90100 Machakos, Kenya
Tel. +254 202413436 Email: [email protected]
What is integrated breeding?
Conventional Biotechnology
Bioinformatics
Transgenics
Molecular breeding
Products to end Users
Sub Saharan Africa
• Land sizes
• Many crops
• Rain fed agriculture
• Large population growth rates
Characteristics
Consequences
• Under investment in agriculture
• Access to technology hampered
• Over regulation
• Lack of facilities
• Food insecurity and Poverty
What do the farmers in SSA really need?
• Improved crop varieties that address their needs, in the shortest time possible, with minimal cost
• Support from their service providers in diagnostics for diseases
How can molecular tools assist?
Marker based selection
Marker Assisted selection
Marker Assisted Backcrossing
Marker Assisted Backcrossing
Marker Assisted Recurrent selection
Genome wide selection
Crop improvement
Molecular tools…
•Diversity studies
•Quality control in seed production
•Cultivar identity and characterization by regulators (DUS & VCU)
•Disease diagnostics
Molecular tools…
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GloFish.jpg
Transgenic technologies • Drought • Disease • Nitrogen Use Efficiency • Food Quality
Bioinformatics
Challenges beyond our control
• Communications and connectivity
• Policies
Photo: Dibanzilua Nginamau, Angola