The 18th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference (OECC2013)

005CLEO-PR & OECC/PS 2013

CLEO-PR & OECC/PS 2013Conference Program & Abstracts

Conference Program & Abstracts

Greetings(OECC)

It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 18th Optoelectronics and Communications Conference (OECC2013), which is being held from June 30 to July 4, 2013, at the Kyoto International Conference Center in Kyoto, Japan. OECC is one of the foremost international conferences held annually in the Asia-Pacific region for the researchers and engineers working in the fields of optoelectronics, optical fiber-transmission, and photonic network systems. It has been providing the best international forum to present and discuss the progress in research and development of these areas. OECC2013 is planning to be held jointly with The Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO-PR) and International Conference on Photonics in Switching (PS) at Kyoto, an ancient city with a 1200 year history. This joint conference is, we believe, providing you a great opportunity to search and cover a wide spectrum from basic research to system technologies. On behalf of the Organizing Committee, we would like to express our hearty welcome to all of you who are participating in OECC2013, and hope you all have an enjoyable stay in Kyoto.

Oita University University of TokyoMasafumi Koga Yoshiaki Nakano

OECC2013 General Co-Chairs

185CLEO-PR & OECC/PS 2013Conference Program & Abstracts

Poster Session

Tuesday, July 2 / 13:00 - 14:30Annex Hall

Poste

r, Tuesday, J

uly

2

TuPS-8Optical Analog Multiplier based on Phase Sensitive Amplifi cationT. Fujita, Y. Toba, Y. Miyoshi and M. Ohashi

Osaka Prefecture Univ., Osaka, Japan

We propose an optical multiplier based on phase sensitive amplifi cation. This optical multiplier will be overcome the speed limitation of signal processing. The linearity can be less than 4%FS at the signal power of 1mW.

TuPS-9Optical Amplifi cation at 1.3 μm with Bi Doped Fiber Fabricated by VAD MethodM. Takahashi

1, T. Fujii

1, Y. Saito

1, Y. Fujii

2 and S. Kobayashi

1

1 Chitose Inst. of Science and Technology, Hokkaido, Japan,

2 Photonic Science Technology, Inc., Hokkaido, Japan

An optical amplification with BDF fabricated by the VAD method is presented. The measured amplifi ed gain was 6 dB with input low laser power at 1.3 μm using a double cladding BDF of 2 m.

TuPS-10Superbroadband Emission from Pr3+-doped Germanate GlassesB.J. Chen

1, H. Lin

2, and E.Y.B. Pun

1

1 Dept. of Electronic Engineering, City Univ. of Hong Kong,

Kowloon, Hong Kong, PR China, 2

School of Textile and Material Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic Univ., Dalian , PR China

Superbroadband emission cover ing 1300 to 1700nm wavelength has been obtained in Pr

3+-doped aluminum

germanate glasses. A maximum emission cross-section of 6.04×10

-21cm

2 is obtained, and K

+-Na

+ ion-exchanged glass

channel waveguides have been fabricated in these glasses.

TuPS-11Optical Frequency Comb Block Generation from a Bismuth-Based Harmonically Mode-Locked Fiber LaserYutaka Fukuchi and Joji Maeda

Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Univ. of Science, Tokyo, Japan

We propose optical frequency comb block generation from a harmonically mode-locked laser using a bismuth-based erbium-doped fi ber and a bismuth-based highly nonlinear fi ber. A 10GHz-spaced frequency comb with a 10dB bandwidth of 300GHz is obtained.

TuPS-12Control of Population Inversion in a Fiber Amplifi er with Pulse SequencesA. Suzuki, K. Kuroda , and Y. Yoshikuni

Dept. of Physics, School of Science, Kitasato Univ., Kanagawa, Japan

We report control of population inversion in a fiber amplifier with pulse sequences. Induced population change was probed by using a pump-probe method, showing that the change is determined by the total photon number.

TuPS-13Polymer-Based Waveguide Optical Sensor with Tin Oxide Thin Film for Gas DetectionJung Woon Lim

1, Seon Hoon Kim

1, Jong-Sup Kim

1, Jeong Ho

Kim1, Yune Hyoun Kim

1, Ju Young Lim

1, Young-Eun Im

1, Boo-

Gyoun Kim2, and Swook Hann

1

1 Korea Photonics Technology Inst., Gwangju, Korea,

2 School

of Electronics Engineering, Soongsil Univ., Seoul, Korea

We proposed optical sensor based on polymer waveguide with tin oxide thin fi lm on the top of core layer exposed by removing upper cladding layer. This device was fabricated by the nano imprint lithography technique.

TuPS-14Volatile organic compound detection using twin-core photonic crystal fi ber with selectively sealed air holes in-refl ection interferometerKhurram Naeem

1, Bongkyun Kim

1, Linh Viet Nguyen

2, and

Youngjoo Chung1

1 School of Information & Communication, Gwangju Inst. of

Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea, 2 The Inst.

for Photonics & Advanced Sensing, The Univ. of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

We present twin-core photonic crystal fiber with selectively-sealed air holes in-refl ection interferometer for high sensitivity volatile organic compound detection.

TuPS-15Distributed High Temperature Sensing in Large-Scale Plants by LPFG with Multiplexed Resonant WavelengthsOsanori Koyama, Saburo Kasahara, Hikaru Sumiana, Yoshikazu Toyooka, and Yutaka Katsuyama

Osaka Prefecture Univ., Osaka, Japan

Ten resonant wavelengths could be multiplexed in one fiber successfully by writing LPGs with different grating pitches for distributed temperature sensing in a large-scale plant. The performance of the multiplexed LPFG was investigated.

TuPS-16Highly Sensitive Fiber-Optic Thermometer Using an Air Micro-Bubble in a Liquid Core Fiber Fabry-Pérot InterferometerHan-Jung Chang, Yang-Chen Zheng, Chia-Lien Ma and Cheng-Ling Lee

Dept. of Electro-Optical Engineering, National United Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan

We proposed a novel, miniature and ultrasensitive fi ber-optic thermometer based on an air-micro-bubble drifted in a liquid-core-fiber Fabry-Pérot-interferometer. The proposed sensor has an ultrahigh sensitive and linear spectral response with -9.0 nm/ºC in temperature measurement.

TuPS-17Probe Typed Microcavity Fiber Fabry-Pérot Interferometer for High Temperature MeasurementChien-Lin Chen

1, Cheng-Hung Hung

1, Lin-Gen Sheu

2, Jing-

Shyang Horng1 and Cheng-Ling Lee

1

1 Dept. of Electro-Optical Engineering, National United Univ.,

Miaoli, Taiwan, 2 Dept. of Electro-Optical Engineering, Vanung

Univ., Taoyuan, Taiwan

We propose two kinds of probe typed, microcavity fiber Fabry-Pérot interferometers (MCFFPIs) for high temperature measurement (HTM). Experimental results show high stable sensing properties with linear spectral responses of the MCFFPIs for the HTM

TuPS-18Fiber-optic Micro-bending Sensor Using the Multimode InterferenceGuei-Ru Lin

1, Lung-Shiang Huang

2, Jin-Hone He

2, Ming-Yue

Fu3, Wen-Fung Liu

2, and Raman Kashyap

4

1 Ph.D. Program in Electrical and Communications Engineering,

Feng-Chia Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., 2 Dept. of Electrical

Engineering, Feng-Chia Univ., Taichung, Taiwan, R.O.C., 3 Dept. of Avionics Engineering, Air Force Academy, Kaohsiung

City, Taiwan, R.O.C., 4 Dept. of Electrical Engineering, École

Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, Canada

A fiber micro-bending sensor is presented with multimode interference effects created by splicing a piece of no-core fiber between two single-mode fibers. The micro-bending measurement is experimentally demonstrated with a sensitivity of -183.788 nm/m-1.

TuPS-19Holey Fiber based Plasmonic Sensor for Simultaneously Detecting of Multiple AnalytesLi Xia, Binbin Shuai, and Deming Liu

Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, National Engineering Laboratory for Next Generation Internet Access System, School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong Univ. of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

A ho ley f ibe r based p lasmon ic sensor capab le o f simultaneously detecting multiple analytes is numerically characterized through the fi nite element method. A maximum sensitivity of 10200nm/RIU is demonstrated.

TuPS-20Highly Sensitive Bending and Airfl ow Sensor Based on an In-Line Multimode Fiber InterferometerYung-Chang Jen, Wen-Cheng Shih, Chia-Ling Hsu, and Cheng-Ling Lee

Dept. of Electro-Optical Engineering, National United Univ., Miaoli, Taiwan

This study demonstrates a novel and sensitive bending and airfl ow sensor based on an in-line, refl ective multimode fi ber interferometers cantilever (RMMFIC). Interference fringes shifts of the RMMFIC from bending/airfl ow are effectively detected and experimentally investigated.

TuPT-1Proposal of Optical Spatial Mode Switch Using Symmetric Y-junction WaveguidesMakoto Jizodo, Asuka Fujino, and Kiichi Hmamoto

I-EggS, Kyushu Univ., Fukuoka, Japan

We newly propose optical spatial mode switch using symmetric Y-junction waveguides. The estimated mode-crosstalk is less than -30dB with less than 0.1dB excess loss at the wavelength of 1550nm.

TuPT-2Investigation of an Interleaver for All-Optical Analog-to-Digital ConversionHiroyuki Uenohara

Precision and Inte l l igence Laboratory, Tokyo Inst. of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan

Operation of an interleaver for all-optical digital-to-analog conversion with an interferometer and a sampling pulses has been investigated. Preliminary results of the multi-level intensity was sampled according to the analog intensity of the input signal.

TuPT-3Novel Optical Labeling Scheme for Ultra-High Bit Rate Data PacketsAshenafi K. Medhin, Michael Galili, and Leif K. Oxenløwe

DTU Fotonik, Dept. of Photonics Engineering, Technical Univ. of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

We propose and verify by simulations an optical in-band labeling scheme for ultra-fast optical switching. The scheme is able to label more than 60 different 640-Gbit/s OTDM packets with eye opening penalty <1 dB.

TuPT-4An Optical Packet Switch Using Forward-Shift Switched Delay LinesJ. Touch

1, S. Suryaputra

1, J. Bannister

2, A.E. Willner

3

1 USC/Information Sciences Inst., CA, U.S.A.,

2 The Aerospace

Corporation, CA, U.S.A., 3

Ming Hsieh Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Univ. of Southern California, CA, U.S.A.

A 32×32 optical packet switch design using only four packets of variable delay is shown 95% as efficient as electronic switching using simulated Poisson Internet traffi c. Our forward-shift approach is 10-30% better than a backward-shift.

TuPT-5Simultaneous detection of 10-Gbit/s QPSK × 4-channel FE-SOCDM signalsYasuhiro Okamura

1, Osamu Iijima

1, Satoshi Shimizu

2, Naoya

Wada2, Tomoya Hagihara

1, and Masanori Hanawa

1

1 Univ. of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan,

2 National Inst. of

Information and Communications Technology, Tokyo, Japan

Simultaneous detection of 10-Gbit/s Quadrature phase Shift keying (QPSK) x 4-channel Fourier-encoded synchronous optical code division multiplexing signals is experimentally demonstrated. At every received channel, constellations of QPSK signals have been observed successfully.

TuPT-6Digital Compensation of Phase and Wavelength Errors in FBG Encoders for FE-SOCDM systemOsamu Iijima, Yasuhiro Okamura, and Masanori Hanawa

National Univ. Corporation, Univ. of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan

A digital compensation scheme for phase and wavelength errors in FBG encoders for Fourier-encoded synchronous OCDM system is proposed. The numerical results well demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed scheme for both errors.

TuPT-7High-resolution Delay Measurement between Duplicated Transmission LinesMasaaki Inoue, Tetsuya Manabe, Ka zutaka Noto, Kazunori Katayama, Nazuki Honda, and Yuji Azuma

NTT Access Network Service Systems Laboratories, NTT, Ibaraki, Japan

We present a technique for measuring a picosecond-order time delay between duplicated transmission lines and a gigabit Ethernet-passive optical network (GE-PON) with a digital phase/frequency detector, and determining whether the delay is positive or negative.

Abstract – We present volatile organic compound (VOC) detection using modified twin-core photonic crystal fiber (TC-PCF) in-reflection interferometer. TC-PCF readily serves as an interferometer when light is launched into two cores along their common polarization axis. With manual gluing and subsequent infiltration technique, the air holes surrounding one core of TC-PCF are selectively sealed. Therefore, upon exposing in-reflection interferometer in proposed configuration to VOC, the vapor diffusion into the cladding air holes surrounding the other core induces a phase shift in its core mode only, and hence greatly enhances the vapor detection sensitivity of the TC-PCF. The detection limit of our device is measured to be 4.71×10–10 moles for acetone.

Introduction The advent of photonic crystal fiber (PCF) [1] has led

to an intense research for direct (i.e. without the need for any vapor sensitive material) detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Twin-core PCF [2] with two cores integrated in one microstructure fiber is a simple all fiber interferometer, and therefore, is quite attractive for detection of gas molecules infiltrated into the cladding air holes. Previously reported TC-PCF interferometer used both cores simultaneously for detection of chemical vapors [3]. Therefore, the phase-shift accumulated by one core mode is compensated by the other when exposed to gas vapors, leading to a low sensitivity to VOC. Here, we demonstrate a TC-PCF in-reflection interferometer in which the air holes bounding one core are selectively sealed. Upon exposing in-reflection interferometer in proposed configuration to VOC, the vapor diffuses into the cladding air holes surrounding other core induces a large phase-shift difference between core-modes of two cores, and hence the VOC detection sensitivity of TC-PCF has been increased significantly.

Experiment Figure 1(a) show the scanning electron micrograph

(SEM) of the TC-PCF used in our work. The microstructure of TC-PCF has two solid cores of a small asymmetry in diameters, separated by an air hole ring. The cladding of each core has five adjacent air holes, except the three air holes which separates the two cores and thus forms the axis of twin–core PCF. As a result the dispersion properties of two cores are mainly controlled

Fig. 1. (a). SEM image of TC-PCF ((b) Microscopic image of the mirror-end of selectively-sealed TC-PCF after being cleaved and UV curing, where two cores are illuminated with HeNe laser light (c) Experimental setup of the proposed selectively-sealed TC-PCF in-reflection interferometer for VOC detection.

by these immediate 13 air holes surrounding them. The average diameter of the air holes is ~3.20μm, whereas the diameter of the microstructure comprising the twin cores only is around 11 μm, similar to the diameter of conventional single mode fibers (SMF). In the fabrication, at first, TC-PCF was carefully fusion spliced manually with SMF at one end yielding a splicing loss of less than 3 dB. The other end of the TC-PCF acts as a Fresnel mirror (roughly 4% of reflectance from air-silica interface), and will be used later for direct diffusion of VOCs into the exposed air holes. The mirror end of TC-PCF was positioned in a V-groove of fusion splicer such that the axis of twin core was perpendicular to the V-groove of the fusion splicer. Then using manual gluing and subsequent infiltration technique, the air holes surrounding one core were selectively sealed by UV curable polymer of refractive index ~1.32. Figure 2(b) shows the mirror end of the selectively-sealed TC-PCF. The experimental setup for VOC detection employing 13.55 cm long selectively-sealed TC-PCF interferometer is shown in Fig. 3(c). When linearly polarized light from a broad band source (BBS) is launched into two cores along common polarization axis of two cores, it propagates along the different optical paths due to a nominal mismatch in core mode effective indices of two cores, when reflect from the silica-air interface form the

Volatile organic compound detection using twin-core photonic crystal fiber with selectively sealed air holes in-reflection interferometer

Khurram Naeem1, Bongkyun Kim1, Linh Viet Nguyen2, and Youngjoo Chung1* 1School of Information & Communication, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)

1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Korea 2The Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide SA

5005, Australia *Corresponding author: ychung@gist.ac.kr

TuPS-142013 18th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference held jointly with 2013 International Conference on Photonics in Switching

(OECC/PS)

Copyright ©2013 IEICE

Fig. 2. Full time-dependent spectral shift observed in TC-PCF in-

reflection interferometer with and without selective–sealing of air holes at λ~1546 nm, when 5μl acetone is evaporated in an open container at normal room conditions. Inset is the reflection spectrum of selectively-sealed TC-PCF interferometer used for VOC detection. fringe patterns in the reflection spectrum monitored by computer controlled optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). Thus the phase-difference (∆n) between core modes of core 1 (surrounded by exposed air-silica cladding) and core 2 (surrounded by sealed air-silica cladding) of an in-reflection interferometer can be written as

1 24 ( ) (1)L n nπφ

λ⎡ ⎤Δ = −⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦

where n1 and n2 are the core mode effective indices of core1 and core2, respectively, and L (~13.55 cm) is the physical length of TC-PCF. The fringe spacing and the fringe contrast of reflection spectrum, given in the inset of Figure 2, is measured to be ~15.8 nm and ~10 dB, respectively, at λ ~ 1550 nm, which is used as the sensing dip in our experiment. At first, Figure 2 shows the full time response of sensing dip–shift w.r.t time with and without selective sealing of air holes of TC-PCF. When 5.0 μl acetone was evaporated in an open container at time t = 0 and at room temperature (25 oC), the position of sensing dip shifted towards longer wavelength as the exposure time increased. For the case of selectively-sealed TC-PCF, the stable maximum wavelength-shift of ~13.20 nm was obtained, and the response time (t90), i.e. the time required for 90% spectral shift, of the TC-PCF device was found to be ~17.25 minutes. Once all the acetone has evaporated, the spectrum slowly returned to its original position, indicating that the VOC has also evaporated out of the air-holes of the TC-PCF as well. In similar conditions, a maximum shift of 2.1 nm was recorded in case of untreated TC-PCF. More importantly, from the proportion Δnshift /Δn = Δλ/λ, the shift in Δn (i.e. Δnshift) was measured to be 4.77×10–6 with selective sealing of air holes, which is more than 6-fold higher than that of 7.62×10–7 for the case of untreated TC-PCF. The sensitivity to VOC, and hence the limit of detection of our in-reflection interferometer is tested by measuring the maximum spectral shift, obtained by evaporating different volume concentrations of {2.5, 5, 12} µl of acetone separately, in an open container at room temperature (25 oC), as shown in Figure 3. The maximum spectral shift is found to increase with the increasing acetone volume. However, from the inset of Fig. 3, which shows the corresponding magnitude of the maximum shift as a function of molar volume of {2.5, 5, 12} µl, the

Fig.3. Full time-dependent spectral shift of reflection spectrum as a function of evaporated volume concentration of acetone. Inset is the corresponding magnitude of the maximum wavelength-shift as a function of molar volume of acetone.

exponential fitting of measured data have revealed that, after a certain volume concentration of the acetone, adding more volume does not increase the maximum shift of the spectrum. Because the five immediate air holes next to the sensing core (right core in Fig.1b) in selectively-sealed TC-PCF, which are mainly responsible for the spectral shift, can hold a fixed amount (~5.44 nano liter) of the vapor molecules. Therefore, the detection limit [1] of our device can be estimated by taking into account the FWHM/100 (~8.5 nm /100) of sensing fringe and the saturated maximum shift (Δλsat ~ 13.40 nm) observed against ~5.44 nl host volume, and hence obtained to be 4.71×10–10 moles for acetone.

Conclusions In conclusion, chemical vapor detection using on an

integrated modified twin-core PCF in-reflection interferometer is demonstrated. Using a manual gluing and subsequent infiltration technique, the vapor infiltration into the selected air holes surrounding one core has significantly increased the chemical vapor detection sensitivity of TC-PCF. The minimum detectable volume for acetone is measured to be 4.71× 10–10 moles. The measuring of detection sensitivities of different VOCs using our proposed device are under investigation.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

This work was supported by the (Photonics2020) research project through a grant provided by the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology in 2012 and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (No. R15-2008-006-03002-0). Linh Viet Nguyen acknowledges the support of an Australian Research Council (ARC) Super Science Fellowship.

REFERENCES [1] J. Villatoro et al, Opt. Express Vol.17, Issue. 3, pp.

1447-1453, 2009. [2] B. Kim et al, Opt. Express, Vol. 17, no.18, pp.15502-

15507, 2009. [3] B. Kim, K.Naeem, J.Han, and Y. Chung, 17th Opto-

Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC), pp. 793-794, 2012.

2013 18th OptoElectronics and Communications Conference held jointly with 2013 International Conference on Photonics in Switching(OECC/PS)

Copyright ©2013 IEICE