http://www.sw-green.com

Greening the Building Process

AZ Minority Green Business ConferenceJanuary 16, 2008

Anthony Floyd, AIA, LEED APGreen Building Manager

City of Scottsdale

Overview

1. Introduction2. Government and Industry Trends3. Growing Green Building Programs4. Scottsdale Model

Green/Environmentally Responsible Buildings

Integrated, whole-systems approachCreating synergy between climate, building use, and placeConsiders larger ramifications of design, material selection and building practices

Sustainability: The triple Bottom Line

“Scottsdale is committed to the effective management of our finite and renewable environmental, economic, social and technological resources to ensure that they exist to serve future needs. It is essential that there will always be sufficient resources to maintain the level of services, environmental quality, economic vitality, and access to amenities that 

contribute to the quality of life Scottsdale offers today.”

Scottsdale CityShape 2020, 1996

Green BuildingShades of Green

All buildings provide some level of environmental attributes

Passive and active systemsBaseline measures

Local code and ordinance requirements

Six Sins of Greenwashing

Green-wash (green'wash', -wôsh') – verb:the act of misleading consumers regarding the environmental practices of a company or the environmental benefits of a product or service.

TerraChoice, Environmental Marketing Agency www.terrachoice.com

Six Sins of Greenwashing

1.Hidden Trade Offin which companies highlight one eco-friendly attribute, and ignore their product's other (potentially more significant) environmental concerns.

2.No Proofwhich, just like it sounds, involves claims that can't be verified (the report found 26% of environmental claims fall into this category).

3.Vaguenessterms like "chemical-free," or "non-toxic," which are both universally true, and universally false depending on your interpretation.

Six Sins of Greenwashing

4. Irrelevancewhen companies make claims that are unhelpful (like "CFC-free," when CFCs have been banned for almost 30 years).

5. Lesser of Two Evilslike "green" herbicides, which ignores the fact that herbicides in any form aren't good for the environment

6. Fibbingthe most obvious, in which companies flat out lie (less than 1% of companies make this mistake, but does happen)

Government and Industry Trends

Federal LegislationBans and Restrictions

VOC’s, lead and asbestosCCA treated wood in building construction

Energy Policy Act of 2005 (effective 1/1/06)provides tax credits for homes and businesses utilizing solar technologies and/or designed to use 50% less energy as compared to minimum energy code requirements

New constructionBuilding improvementsEnergy-efficient appliancesRenewable energy

Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007

Signed by President Bush on 12/19/07

1. Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE)35 MPG by 2020

2. Appliance and Equipment Efficiencyheating/cooling equipment, electric motors, standby power use, refrigerators, clothes washers, dishwashers

3. Lamp Efficiency Standards25-30% less energy by 2012-201460% less energy by 2020

Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007

4. Regional Standards for Heating/Coolingaccommodate range of climatic conditions

5. Commercial Building Initiativecombines development and deployment activities towards net zero energy buildings by 2030

meaning that a building produces as much energy as it uses

Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007

6. Federal BuildingsDesigned so that fossil fuel-generated energy consumption in buildings is reduced by:

55% by 201065% by 201580% by 2020

90% by 2025100% by 2030

Energy Savings Performance Contractsfinancing tool for upgrading energy efficiency

Architecture 2030This fossil fuel reduction standard for the operation of all new buildings must be increased to:

60% in 2010 70% in 2015 80% in 2020 90% in 2025 carbon-neutral by 2030 (meaning they will use no fossil fuel energy to operate).

www.architecture2030.org

National Industry TrendsEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) guidelines, standards and programs

Energy Star Buildingscertifies new homes, buildings and more than 40 types of products that are energy efficient

Energy Star - Indoor Air Packagecertifies homes that protect against moisture and mold, pests, combustion gases, and other airborne pollutants

WaterSenseidentifies products and services that meet water-efficiency performance criteria for plumbing fixtures and landscape irrigation

Industry Trends & BenchmarksGreen Labeling Programs

Green Seal, GreenGuard, Cradle to Cradle, SCSFloorScore (Resilient Flooring Covering Institute), Green Label Plus (Carpet and Rug Institute)Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and Sustainable Forest Initiative (SFI)

Solar Today magazine article – Jan/Feb 2008

New Housing Energy ContinuumPercentage of Projected Energy Savings

Conventional homesComplies with existing energy codes with 100% reliance on utility supplied energy.High performance homesSaves 30 to 50% of utility energy costs over conventional homes using efficiencyand renewable energy technologies.Near-zero energy homesSaves 60 to 90% utility energy costs over conventional homes.Net-zero energy homesProduces as much energy as it uses, saving 100% utility energy costs.Zero-carbon homesProduces more energy than it uses and exporting at least 20% electricity to the grid.

Arizona Energy IncentivesState Tax Credits - Renewable Energy

Personal Income Tax Credit, Sales Tax Exemption, Solar Energy Property Tax Exemption

Utility Company IncentivesSolar electric (PV)

rebate is $3,000 for each kilowatt of rated solar electric power installed in a grid-tied application

Solar water heating systems payment is based on system’s yearly kW hour rating of 0.50 cents per kW hour

Arizona Energy IncentivesDemand Side Management (DSM) Program

Funding for energy efficiency improvementsHome Owner Associations

HOA’s can’t prohibit the installation of solar panels, but can have reasonable rules regarding placement provided the rules do not:

Impair its function due to imposed locationRestrict its useAdversely affect the cost or efficiency of the system

Morrison Institute/Global Institute of Sustainability

Growing Green Building Programs

2007 Study of Green

Building Programs

Examines growth and effectiveness of Green Building Policies in cities

Local and StateGovernmental Programs

ArkansasArizonaCaliforniaColoradoFloridaGeorgiaHawaiiIllinoisMaineMarylandMassachusetts

MichiganMinnesotaMissouriNevadaNew JerseyNew MexicoNew YorkNorth CarolinaOhioOregonPennsylvania

TennesseeTexasUtahVermontVirginiaWashingtonWashington, DCWisconsin

2007 Study of GreenBuilding Programs

Ninety-two cities have green building programs, or 14 percent of all cities with a population greater than 50,000Thirty-nine percent or about 42 million Americans live in cities with green building programs

Green Building Programs in Cities with a Population over 50,000

U.S. Population living in Cities with Green Building Programs

U.S. Cities with Green Building Programs

Local and State Ordinances

Public Facilitiesmandate to meet LEED or equivalent green building rating benchmarklead by example

Private Developmentincentives and mandates

Local Government Sustainability Programs

Sustainable Practice CategoriesEnvironmentally Preferable PurchasingTransportationLandscape ManagementBuilding PracticesWaste Management

Market Based Programs

LEEDGreen GlobesNational Association of Home Builders (NAHB)EPA Energy StarEnvironments for LivingUtilitiesLocal HBA’s

USGBC and LEED

USGBC is a nonprofit organization based in Washington, D.C.Developer and administrator of the LEED Green Building Rating System

Tool used to certify the design, construction and operation of buildings

LEED Rating SystemsLEED

Rating Systems

LEED-NCNew

Construction

LEED-EBExisting

Buildings

LEED-CICommercial

Interiors

LEED-CSCore

and Shell

Commercial & Institutional Residential

LEED-NDNeighborhoodDevelopment

LEED-HSingle-Family

Homes

V 2.0 Pilot Phase2009 Release

LEED-SSchools

v 2.2 v 2.0 v 2.0 v 2.0

2007 Pilot Phase

Energy Star Label

ENERGY STAR is the government-backed voluntary program for energy efficiency

HomesHERS Index

Commercial buildingsTarget Finder

More than 50 product typesappliances, lighting, office equipment, consumer electronics, and heating/cooling equipment

Local HBA Programs

Buying an EarthCraft Houseis a simple way to help ourplanet. That’s because an

EarthCraft House consumes less energy & natural

resources.

EarthCraft House builders know how to create healthier, more comfortablehomes, reducing utility bills and increasing value. Any home –

from a cottage to a mansion – can be an EarthCraft House.

House Size and Resources

“square feet are not the only feet in your home”

Branding campaign sends the messagethat “bigger isn't necessarily better”.

Hedgewood Properties, Atlanta

House Size & Resource Impact

Doug Beach for NPR Doug Beach for NPR

Scottsdale House Sizes

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

ProductionCustom

CityResolution

All new, occupied city buildings shall be designed, contracted and built to achieve the LEEDTM Gold certification level.

where the payback is anticipated to be more than five (5) years, City staff is directed to recommend to the City Council which level of LEEDTM certification is appropriate for that particular project.

ScottsdaleGranite Reef Senior Center

Gabor Lorant Architects

Scottsdale’s 1st LEED Gold certified city facility

Building Integrated Solar Electric (PV) System

Partnership w/ SRPon Solar System

Green Cleaning Contract Service

Scottsdale Model

City of ScottsdaleGreen Building Program

Voluntary program for private developmentRating criteria

residential and commercial projectsGreen Building Advisory Committee

program input, policy development and outreach

Incentives

Expedited review & process assistanceMarket differentiation for builders & designers (directory and signs)Promotion material, education & public events

Green Building ProgramSustainable Building in the Sonoran Desert

Climatic and geographic characteristics are unique to the region.Utilization of local resources such as solar for energy and daylighting.Regional materials.

Rating Checklist

Mandatory Items (28 requirements)Rating Options

135 total options with 270 max. possible pointsRating Levels

Entry Level – 50 to 100 pointsAdvanced Level – 100 to 200 points

Mandatory MeasuresSite

Protect all exterior entrances from direct summer sun exposures (east, west, south)

recessed or covered entry

Low water use landscape

Porch Entries

Courtyard Entry

Arcade Entry

Louvers & Trellis

Mandatory MeasuresEnergy Efficiency

Building must be designed to be at least 15% above IECC (International Energy Conservation Code) OR meet Energy Star for Homes standard

www.energycodes.govREScheck

www.energystar.gov

Mandatory MeasuresEnergy Efficiency

Insulated ductworkReturn air paths

Mandatory MeasuresEnergy Efficiency

Ceiling fansProgrammable thermostat

Mandatory Measures

Carbon monoxide (CO) detectorsKitchen exhaust rate of min. 100 cfm

Indoor Environmental Quality

Kitchen exhaust hood

CO detector

Mandatory MeasuresIndoor Environmental Quality

Energy Star bathroom exhaust fans (50 cfm)Supply air filtering – min. MERV 8 ratingSeal off ducts during construction

Bathroom exhaust

Pleated filter

Mandatory Measures

LightingLight Reflective Value (LRV)Task lighting

Mandatory MeasuresPlumbing

Insulated hot water linesWater heaters located within 20 feet of fixture orprovide on-demand hot water recirculation system

Mandatory MeasuresPlumbing

At half of toilets need to high efficiency (1.3 or less gal./flush) or dual control flush

Mandatory MeasuresInterior Finishes

Low VOC paints and finishesMaricopa County Air Quality Rule 335

Solid WasteBuilt-in kitchen recycling bins

Mandatory MeasuresHomeowner’s Packet

Green certificate of occupancySelf-certification certificateManufacturer’s manualsInfo on the efficient operation of HVAC system, lighting and water-using appliances and fixtures

House Size Adjustment

Small House gain pointsPlus 1 Point for every 100 sq. ft. under 3000 sq. ft.

Large House loses pointsMinus 1 Point for every 250 sq. ft. over 3500 sq. ft.

Green Home Remodeling

Project GuideSite Use & LandscapingEnergy Efficiency & Renewables Indoor Environmental Quality & HealthWater & Resource EfficiencyProject Types

www.scottsdaleaz.gov/greenbuilding

ScottsdaleResidential Projects

Beaulieu ResidenceGreen, Earth Sheltered, Passive/Active Solar

Beaulieu Residence

Beaulieu Residence

Beaulieu Residence

Beaulieu Residence

Hovey ResidenceBuilding Integrated PV

Foster ResidenceAutoclaved Aerated Concrete

Edwards Design Group

Foster Residence – Daylighting, Solar Power, FramingEdwards Design Group

Strata International – Saebi Alternative Building System

Optima Camel View VillageLargest Scottsdale Green Building Project

11 buildings - 700 residential units - 38,000 sq. ft. retail – 13 acre site

Optima Camel View Village

Each unit has its own vegetated terrace, the buildings step back with a maximum building height of sixty-five (65) feet to retain human scale.

Cleansing of airborne toxins, recycling of nutrients, and air re-oxygenatingAbsorbs sound thereby reducing noise levelsCooling effect through transpiration and absorption of solar radiation by desert adapted vegetationRoof protection from ultraviolet lightStorm water managementRainwater collection and storage will be incorporated where possible for irrigation

Vegetated Roof andDesert Landscaping

Safari DriveCool Tower

Scottsdale Greenlive/work mixed-use village

Safari DriveCool Tower at Plaza / Pool Area

Scottsdale Green live/work mixed-use village

Scottsdale Fire Station No. 602Preliminary Design

SummaryNational Benchmarks

LEED, NAHBEnergy CodesGreen Building Standards

Regional ProgramsIncentives

Tax creditsFeebates & rebates