green revolution
TRANSCRIPT
BYRAJASHREE NAIK
M.Sc.1ST SEMISTERENVIRONMENTAL
SCIENCE
• In 1968,U.S. Agency for International Development(USAID) administrator WILLIAM S.GAUD coined the term “GREEN REVOLUTION” to describe the phenomena of growth in agriculture.
What is Green Revolution
• Increase in cereal productivity by change in agricultural technology”.
• “Green Revolution” technology was developed by Norman Borlaug in 1950s.
• Further research was enhanced by “International Rice Research Institute” in Philippines
Why Green
Revolution?
• Food shortage have been the problem of man kind from time immemorial but increased severly after WORLD WAR II
• Its because of ever increasing population with limited fertile land availability
• Increase in agricultural land meant inclusion of barren land which lead to poor food production
• To curb the above problem the concept of GREEN REVOLUTION arose
• International Rice Research Institute in Phillipines developed such varieties which had some of the required qualities
• Like mature quicker • Resistant to major pests and diseases• Such varieties allowed farmers to grow crops round
the year
International centre for Maize and Wheat Improvement
• It is in Mexico• Similar achivements were also obtained for
WHEAT.• Norman Barlaug crossed Mexican wheat with
Japanese semi dwarf wheat to get such developed varities
• Green revolution was basically meant for rice and wheat• Later it also extended for other
crops like Sorgam,Millet,Maize ,Cassava, and beans
SORGAM BEANS
Features
• Double/Multiple cropping• Proper irrigation system• Use of pesticide and fertilisers• Use of modern machinery(tractor,thrasher)• Land expansion
MULTIPLE CROPPING
Uses of Tractors, Tubewell etc
Effect
• Increase in production• Reduction in import of food grains• Development of industries• Decrease in price of food articles specially wheat
and rice• Increase in trade• Increase in employment
ADVANTAGES
• Yield increased three times• Gave idea of multiple cropping• Other crops grown which varied the diet• Surplus to sell in cities creating profit improving the
standard of living• Availability of fertilisers and machineries
““Green Revolution”Green Revolution”
Disadvantages• New farming techniques have given birth to the
serious of pollution of drinking water causing caner and other disease
• New organic fertilisers,pestiides and chemical are ruining soil
• Only Punjab and Haryana states showed best result
In India• In 1965 the Govt. of Mrs Indra Gandhi decided to
take a major step on agriculture• It was applied from 1967 to 1978 in parts of Punjab
and Haryana• At this stage concern was only on wheat and rice• Dr. M.S.Swaminathan from India led the Green
Revolution as the project
Growth Rate of Food Grain Production
Second Green RevolutionIt should emphasis on:• Non food grains• Improving global market
opportunities• Improving rural infrastructure• Improving irrigation,rural roads and
rural electrification