green recovery and reconstruction: training toolkit for humanitarian aid construction session 2:...
TRANSCRIPT
Green Recovery And Reconstruction: Training Toolkit For Humanitarian Aid
Construction
Session 2: Sustainable Construction
Design Fundamentals
2Mod 6 Ses 2
In this session we will discuss… Key challenges of sustainable construction
The concept of the “Green Baton”
The importance and value of several fundamental sustainable construction design concepts
How to use these fundamental design concepts to analyze and recommend solutions to several sustainable construction case study challenges
3Mod 6 Ses 2
Key Challenges Lack of understanding of ecological impact of
construction activities Lack of early rapid environmental assessment Use of hazardous materials Special interests who don’t prioritize sustainable
construction Disregard for the local population Poor planning by project managers Others?
How is sustainable construction impacted by these challenges?
(write 1 challenge per card)
4Mod 6 Ses 2
The “Green Baton” Concept
More Sustainable
Briefing DesignDetail
DesignProd’n
InfoTenderAction
SiteOptions
HandoverAnd O + M
Client Design Team Contractor Affected Population
‘The Green Baton may be dropped at key points in the process…Once dropped, it is difficult to pick up again and regain lost ground.’ Howard Liddell
LessSustainable
5Mod 6 Ses 2
Picking Up the Baton What experience do you have for the baton being
dropped? When & How?
What might be the reasons at different stages of construction that some stakeholders may drop the green baton?
How can we pick up the baton? Or not let it fall? What actions are needed at different stages taken by different stakeholders?
6Mod 6 Ses 2
Design Challenges & Solutions
Choice of Materials
“ The choice of materials can impact the host community, the environment and future maintenance needs...”
How?
7Mod 6 Ses 2
Impacts of Material Choices
The project manager must weigh the potential impacts at each stage
Extraction, mining, harvesting
Processing and production
Transportation & distribution
Packaging
Building
Disposal
Environmental impact?
Environmental impact?
Environmental impact?
Environmental impact?
Environmental impact?
Environmental impact?
8Mod 6 Ses 2
Design Challenges & Solutions Use of Existing Materials
With this workshop, on the topic of construction, we go deeper and discuss
Reduce Reuse Recycle Refuse (to build) Repair Recover (energy)
In the workshop Materials and the Supply Chain we discussed the 3-Rs: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
9Mod 6 Ses 2
Ore, stone, clay, Oil, timber, plants, etc.
Metals, chemicals,
cement, fired Clay , fibre,
sawn timber, etc.
Building
Structural materials,
climatic materials, surface materials
Waste
Primary refining process
Secondary refining process
BuildingprocessMining,
Drilling, harvesting
Dumping Use
OreOil
Timber
The Earth
Berge’s Cycle of Materials
Recycle Reuse
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Support legal and sustainable practices
Minimize packaging in procurement of materials
Purchase materials locally when practical
Do no harm concept: environmental and economic impact
Design Challenges & SolutionsSourcing & Procurement
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Challenge vs. Solution
Illegally cut lumber in Brazil Wood certified as harvested responsibly
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Design Challenges & SolutionsEnergy & Climate Concerns
Solar orientation
Energy efficiency, insulation, ventilation, etc.
Climate type: hot/dry, hot/humid, or cold
Summer
Winter
South North
Summer
Winter
South North
13Mod 6 Ses 2
Recycling of grey water Septic tanks Treatment wetlands
Design Challenges & Solutions Water & Wastewater
Photo credit: Manoocher Deghati/IRIN 13
Challenge
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One Solution: Treatment Wetland
Janakaraj Murali - Constructed Wetlands in Phang Nga, Thailand
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Design Challenges & Solutions Getting local community acceptance
Community participation
Knowledge sharing
Analysis of existing, traditional practices
Photo by David Gazashvili, CARE Int’l
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Design Challenges & Solutions Existing, traditional practices
Traditional construction techniques Use local skills & materials; can be implemented faster, to higher standard
Space use norms defined by culture & function; can dictate use of building: fully used, partially used, sold, or abandoned
External space use norms should be considered (e.g. outdoor cooking in hot dry climates
Religious, other beliefs can affect construction (e.g. direction a building and/or its entrances must face)
17Mod 6 Ses 2
Design Failure vs. Success
This proposed shelter is said to be earth-friendly, non-toxic and can be
assembled easily and quickly in disaster area. BUT, it doesn’t meet
basic human needs.
School built in Maldives after tsunami
http://www.iaacblog.com/AAC2007-finalists/wp-content/uploads/2008/02/42cdb3panel3_1.jpg
18Mod 6 Ses 2
Key challenges confronting:
• the affected?
• the Government?
• the international community?
Current priorities?
Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?
Case Study: Kenya FloodsPhoto credit: Richard Lough/IRIN
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19Mod 6 Ses 2
Case Study: Pakistan Earthquake
Photo credit: Edward Parsons/IRIN
Key challenges confronting:
• the affected?
•the Government?
• the international community?
Current priorities?
Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?
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20Mod 6 Ses 2
Case Study: Sri Lanka TsunamiPhoto credit: WFP/Jordan Dey
Key challenges confronting:
• the affected?
• the Government?
• the international community?
Current priorities?
Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?
21Mod 6 Ses 2
Case Study: Peru Earthquake
Key challenges confronting:
• the affected?
• the Government?
• the international community?
Current priorities?
Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to provide for positive and sustainable reconstruction outcomes for the affected population ?
Photo credit: USGS
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Case Study Reports
Key challenges confronting: the affected? the Government? the international community?
Current priorities? Solutions to minimize environmental impact and to
provide for long-term sustainable reconstruction?
23Mod 6 Ses 2
More about Construction after Lunch