Green Chemistry in Far East

Bioenergy Italy 2016,

Green Chemistry, Conference

1 Source: en.trend.az, inweh.unu.edu, www.readit.com.cn, www.glogster.com, www.tripadvisor.com, twitter.com

Prof Dr. Shu-Yii Wu

Dean, College of Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taiwan

CEO, APEC Research Center for Advanced Biohydrogen Technology

Chair, UKM-YSD, Malaysia

April 20-22, 2016

Characteristics of Taiwan Taroko National Park

Hualien Taichung

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Feng Chia Night Market

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Introduction to Feng Chia University

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Faculty & Students

• Area of school

– 23.8 ha

• Faculty members

– Full time : 645

– Part time：743

• Students

– Day school undergraduates：15,472

– Ph.D. candidates：264

– Master’s students：1,546

– In-service master’s students：985

– Night school undergraduates：878

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Academics • Academic Units

– 8 colleges – 34 departments – 5 master Institutes – 11 Degree programs (1 Bachelor 、5 master 、5 doctor) – 4 in-service programs

• Recruitment – 37 bachelor’s degree programs – 56 master’s degree programs – 14 doctoral degree programs

• Interdisciplinary – 35 undergraduate credit programs – 4 graduate credit programs

College of Engineering

College of Business

College of Information & Electrical Engineering

College of Construction & Development

College of Sciences

College of Humanities & Social Sciences

College of Finance

11

Focused Research • Nanotechnology

• Geographic Information Systems

• Green Energy Development

• Information Engineering

• Bio-hydrogen Production

• Electro-acoustics

• Material Sciences

• Business Administration

• Fiber and Composite Materials

• Chemical Engineering Bio-hydrogen Group

400L Pilot Plant

12

Introduction

Ecological crisis Fossil fuels Global warming

7 Source: en.trend.az, inweh.unu.edu, www.readit.com.cn, www.glogster.com

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• Think for next generation • Developed countries need reduce the resources

consumption or increase productivity 10 times

Source: www.footprintnetwork.com Source: www.grida.no

Mother earth is over burden

2008 Ecological Footprint and HDI

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Source: global footprint report 2008

Mother nature supply the

resources, but it is not Free!

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Resources Productivity (1/MIPS): material input per service.

Ecological footprint: a measure of human demand on the Earth's

ecosystems.

It is a standardized measure of demand for natural capital that may be contrasted with the planet's

ecological capacity to regenerate. It represents the amount of biologically productive land and sea

area necessary to supply the resources a human population consumes, and to assimilate associated

waste.

Kuznets curve

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X – GDP with time progress

Y – Environment pollution

12

Source: From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository

Carbon Emissions per Capita per Acre

Reach but not

increase carbon

emission

13

Next Wave: Factor X and Innovation

14 Source: Factor five, Chinese edition

What is a symbiotic eco-community?

15

A community in which industries, lifestyles and nature can coexist in harmony; “to live

and let live”; zero-waste; simple lifestyles, harmonic, co-operative, and

complementary; nature resources are sustainable.

Source: Comstock images/Stockbyte/Getty Images;

Read more : http://www.ehow.com/about_5523723_trophic-levels-coral-reefs.html

Symbiosis

16 Source: wiki

Symbiosis is a law of nature: such as clownfish and sea anemone, Lactobacilli and other

bacteria in human body, hermit crab and encrusting bryozoans, Phoretic mites on flies, and many other

examples of plant-insect co-evolution.

Far Beyond Darwin’s Evolution

-- Symbiogenesis

17 Source: wiki

Darwinian notion of evolution

— Nature selection (competition)

Symbiogenesis Biologists Lynn Margulis and Dorion Sagan claim that evolution is

strongly based on co-operation, interaction, and mutual dependence

among organisms. Inspired by the concept of symbiosis, the cooperative

mode of interaction is not restricted to the sphere of biology and natural

science, but to the encompassing societal arrangements.

“Life did not take over the globe by combat, but by networking.”

Why we need a symbiotic eco-community?

18

Source: www.ios.sinica.edu.tw/cna/download/proceedings/02.Lee.Opening.pdf, by

Yuan-Tseh Lee, Academia Sinica, Taiwan

Challenges Facing Human Society in the 21st Century

Energy and the Environment: Climate changes, Global warming, Air (PM2.5)

Resources:

Food, Water, and clean Air

Health issue:

HIV, MERS-CoV, SARS, Ebola, etc.

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Higher energy efficiency

Sustainable water resources and earth management

Factor X

Renewable energy

Green nanotechnology

Green policy

Resources productivity

Eco-farm

Blue economy

Humanism medical and education system

Simple life style

Big data

Green chemistry & industry

Symbiotic Eco-community

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Bioeconomy

USA: A bioeconomy is one based on the use of research and innovation in the

biological sciences to create economic activity and public benefit.

The U.S. bioeconomy is all around us: new drugs and diagnostics for improved

human health, higher-yielding food crops, emerging biofuels to reduce

dependency on oil, and bio-based chemical intermediates, to name just a few.

-- April 27, 2012

EU: The Bioeconomy refers to the sustainable production and conversion of

biomass into a range of food, health, fibre and industrial products and energy.

Renewable biomass encompasses any biological material (agriculture, forestry

and animal-based including fish) as a product in itself or to be used as raw

material.

GREEN CHEMISTRY

DEFINITION

Green Chemistry is the utilisation of a set of principles that reduces or eliminates the use or generation of hazardous substances in the design, manufacture and application of chemical products .

GREEN CHEMISTRY IS ABOUT • Waste Minimisation at Source

• Use of Catalysts in place of Reagents

• Using Non-Toxic Reagents

• Use of Renewable Resources

• Improved Atom Efficiency

• Use of Solvent Free or Recyclable Environmentally Benign Solvent systems

UN 2016-2030 Agenda

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Fuel History

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TOWARD HYDROGEN ECONOMY

Dawn of Hydrogen Civilization

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25

Green Chemistry in Far East

Japan

Thailand

Taiwan

Korea

China

Malaysia

Indonesia

Founded “The 2006 Asian Bio-hydrogen LINK

Symposium, Feng Chia University (RCER), Taiwan (2006/11/18)

2016/4/27 26

ASIA

Asia bio-HyLink (ABHL, since2006)

• Promote the researches and the developments for the

bio-hydrogen production and

• Related researches among the Asian countries.

• Annual Meeting

• Publication (IJHE or others)

• Technical Exchange of Researchers

Members

• China

• India

• Indonesia

• Japan

• Korea

• Malaysia

• Russia

• Singapore

• Taiwan

• Thailand

• Vietnam

• and more

Asia BioHyLinks Meeting (since 2006~)

Time Place Conference

2006 (Jun.) Lyon, France WHEC 2006 (initiation)

2006

(Nov.)

FCU, Taichung, Taiwan The 2006 Asian Biohydrogen

Symposium

2007

(April)

Singapore BIOENERGY Outlook 2007

2007

(Nov.)

KIER, Daejeon, Korea The 2007 Asian Biohydrogen

Symposium

2008

(Dec.)

HIT, Harbin, China The 2008 Asian Biohydrogen

Symposium

2009

(Aug.)

KKU, Khon Kaen, Thailand The 2009 Asian Biohydrogen

Symposium

2010

(Nov.)

FCU, Taichung, Taiwan The 2010 Asian Biohydrogen

Symposium and APEC Advanced

Bio hydrogen Technology

2016/4/27 29

Asia BioHyLinks Meeting (since 2006~)

Time Place Conference

2011 (Oct.) LIPI, Bogor, Indonesia The 2011 Asian Biohydrogen

and Biorefinery Symposium

2012 (Nov.) CQU, Chongqing, China The 2012 Asian Biohydrogen

and Bioproducts Symposium

2013 (Nov.) University of Osaka,

Osaka, Japan

Asia BioHydrogen & BioEnergy

2013

2014 (Dec) National University of

Malaysia, Melaka, Malaysia

The 2014 Asia BioHylinks

(ABHL) Meeting: Aisa

Biohydrogen and Biorefinery

(ABB) Symposium

2015 (Sept) Feng Chia University

Keng Ding, Taiwan

10th Asia Biohydrogen and

Biorefinery Symposium (APEC-

BPT/ABBS-2015)

2016 (Oct ) Jeju Island, Korea ABBS 2016 30

31

ASIAN

China Japan Korea Taiwan

China

Japan

Korea

Taiwan

Ngan Lung Catering Limited

Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited

Uwin Nanotech Co.,Ltd.

Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology

(SIAT) of Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)

New Energy and Industrial Technology

Development Organization (NEDO)

TOYO GOSEI

Huvis

Samsung Electronics

SK Chemical

ITRI (ABbI- Association of bio-based Material Industry)

FCU (GEDC, APEC RCABT, ABHL)

Sinica - Chemistry for a sustainable world

China Thirteenth Five-year Plan

(China will be the largest country of biomass consumer)

• National Development and Reform Commission expects that in

China during the year 2015, Biofuels Generator approached 13

millions kW and 2020 will increase to 30 millions kW

– It means a 6.5 trillions RMB in Biofuels Generator marketing during five

years

• In china, to treat agricultural and kitchen wastes are very important.

100 millions Ha land will produce 200 millions ton Standard Coal by

biofuels.

– It means a 38 billions RMB marketing in electricity generation.

• The experts predict that Biomass energy will reach the top of

economic development in recent 2 years.

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Green Chemistry in China

35 Source: Cui et al. Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. 83, No. 7, pp. 1379–1390, 2011.

doi:10.1351/PAC-CON-10-12-02 © 2011 IUPAC, Publication date (Web): 5 May 2011

China

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Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT)

Chinese Academy of Science (CAS)

Graphite Dual-Ion Battery

China

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Ngan Lung Catering Limited

Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited

China

38

Uwin Nanotech Co.,Ltd.

Japan

New Energy and Industrial Technology

Development Organization (NEDO)

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Japan

TOYO GOSEI

40

Korea

Huvis

Samsung Electronics

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Korea

SK Chemical

42

Taiwan

43

Green solvents in ITRI, Taiwan

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ITRI Green Solvents

45 Source:2014 Chinese Chemistry annual meeting, ITRI Dr. Du

ITRI bio-based Epoxy/PU products

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ITRI bio-bisphenol A Applications

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Bio-based PU film and textile (ITRI)

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The building blocks from biomass and

its applications (ITRI)

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Autonomous Power Generation by advanced Two-stage

Biogas Production Technology and Building an

Entrepreneurial Networking for Green Farm

APEC Workshop on Developing the Green Energy Smart Farm The Splendor Hotel, Taichung, Chinese Taipei

12‐13 April, 2016 50

Our Center

Green Energy Development Center (GEDC)

-Biological hydrogen production research started

-“Research Center for Energy and Resources” founded

-“IEA-HIA Task 21” delegation

-Secretary’s Office of Asia Bio-HyLinks

-Master Program of Green Energy Science and Technology

-BOE Research Center for Biomass Energy Technology

-MOE Talent Training Center for Bioenergy Technology

-APEC Research Center for Advanced Biohydrogen Technology

-IAHE- Taiwan Chapter

-“Green Energy Development Center” founded

2001/4~2005/02

Under College of

Engineering

2005/4~2010/07

Under R & D

Office

2010/08~

Under University

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5

1

BioH2 technology evolution at FCU

52

5

2

International Platform for Green

Energy Technology

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5

3

Our Core Technology Innovative Hydrogenesis &

Methanogenesis Technology (HyMeTek)

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Feng Chia University has successfully constructed

benchmark model

In 2006-2015, the research groups of Canada, Britain,

Singapore, South Korea, Malaysia, Russia and other

countries have pointed out that FCU is the first record in

biohydrogen production rate in the world .

(15 m3 H2/m3-h )。

Wu et al., 2006, IJHE 55 2016/4/27

Owned total 31 patents

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Key Patents

Bacteria screen Substrate processing

Reactor design Yield upgrading Carbon

sequestration devices

One m3 Mobile BioH2 Production system by POME

is constructing in Indonesia

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Industry-academic Joint Project

between FCU and BPPT, Indonesia.

UKM, Malaysia

20 L BioHydrogen production system setup in UKM,

Malaysia

The international trends of gaseous biomass

energy technology

• Biogas Biomethane gas

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Biogas purification

technology

Biological

hydrogen

production

technology

Two-stage gaseous

biomass energy system

The main technology

to recover more

energy (25%)

Year 2013

15,000 plants in Europe

Year 2013

280 plants in Europe

[Source: EBA website]

The most popular technology now

Two-stage energy recovery technology is always more than one stage of 8-43%.

FCU has developed a mobile HyMeTek

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This system is currently operating in Taichung Wurih Brewery Factory

• We have established a cost-effective large-scale pilot plant

• We have established the key technology of design and SOP

instructions

HyMeTek Applications in food factory Wastewater

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Technology Analysis

62 2016/4/27

Types MBR Activated

Sludge MBBR UASB HyMeTek

Sludge Yield

(Kg SS/Kg COD) 0.2 0.3-0.5 0.3 < 0.2 < 0.2

Wastewater

treatment limit

(COD mg /L)

≒10000 < 3000 ≒10000 3000~50000 3000~50000

COD

removal (%) 90 90 90 >90 >90

Setting mode Easy setup,

small space

Difficult

set up Easy setup

Customized, on-

site construction Modular, Easy construction

Maintenance

costs

high film

maintenance

costs

Much

sludge

Long recovery

time of film

maintenance and

high cost

High equipment

prices,

maintenance

difficulties

Cheap,

easy and low costs of

maintenance

Energy Recovery N/A N/A N/A

Methane

recovery, less

sludge

1. COD degradation time fast

2. High energy recovery

efficiency. (25% higher than

methane equipment)

3. produce less sludge

Reliability Medium Medium Medium High High

Stability Medium High Medium High High

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HyMeTek Applications

核心技術

63

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Scenario of BioH2 Applications

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APEC Short-term Training Course –Field Trip and

Final Presentation

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Tour for Bioenergy plant in Shin An

Farm, Taipei

Final Presentation

Video

APEC ISTWG Taipei Meeting (2012/8)

Prof. Amin, Deputy Minister of Research and Technology,

Indonesia Visited

APEC PPSTI Meden Meeting (2013/7)

PTPN-IV, Indonesia POME Sampling

HyMeTek of FCU

Eco Village Recommendation

HyMeTek

Communities receive affordable and

reliable electricity (and income from

the utility in case of co-ownership).

Partial ownership granted in

exchange for labor and resource

stewardship – putting a value on

ecosystem services

GOV./World bank

NGO/Investors

Fuel or Power

utility

Cash flow

Energy flow

Fertilizer

• Agricultural Products

Increased

• Economic growth

Bigger enterprises become anchor

electricity consumers and contribute

to employment and economic growth

Refund to farmers by

agro-waste collection

Micro, small & medium-

size enterprises in the area

benefit from affordable and

reliable access to fuel or

electricity

Licensing Co.

IPP negotiates

preferential feed-in-

tariff, concession

period and other

incentives to build

power plant in

location currently

off-grid or where

grid access is

unstable or

insufficient

➀Energy supplier

➁Facility sale

➂Operation and training

➀

➁

➂

Green Farm Ecosystem by Two-stage Biogas Production

Technology

CHEN Engine

Copyright©2015 GEDC FCU All Right Reserved cychu@fcu.edu.tw / Confidential - Do Not Distribute 70

Scenario for promoting community empowerment in APEC's rural area by using agro-wastes recycling

biotechnologies and GIS assistance-- cycled infrastructure

Source:

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http://www.greenenergy.fcu.edu.tw E-mail: greenenergy@fcu.edu.tw

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