green chemistry as a tool to prevent
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Industrial ChemistryTRANSCRIPT
Green Chemistry as a tool to prevent
Pharmaceutical Hazards and Pollution Dr. Gannu Praveen KumarM.
Pharm., PhD Professor and Principal Department of Pharmaceutics
Sahasra Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences CDSCO Industrial
Chemistry Chemical Industry Output Chemical Industry Output Growing
incidence of environmental accidents E-Factors across the chemical
Industry
Mass Intensity = mass of all materials used excluding water/mass of
product kg (kg product) Solvent Intensity = mass of all solvent
used excluding water/mass of product k g (kg product) % Solvent
Intensity = mass of all solvent/mass intensity kg (kg product)
Water Intensity = mass of all water used/mass of product = kg (kg
product) E factor = Total mass of waste produced/Total mass of
product produced Solvent usage for APIs Synthesis Green Chemistry
Green chemistry is the design of chemical productsand processes
that reduce or eliminate the use andgeneration of hazardous
substances. Application: to advance the implementation of
greenchemistry and engineering principles into all aspects ofthe
chemical enterprise Education and Research Education Industrial
Implementation Examples! Green Chemistry = Pharmaceutical Hazard
& Pollution Free
Green chemistry is the science that introduces newsubstances into
the world and we have a responsibilityfor their impact in the
world. Fundamentals of Green Chemistry
Increase awareness and understanding of greenchemistry principles,
alternatives, practices andbenefits. Integrate the principles of
Green Chemistry & GreenEngineering into the curricula. Equip
chemists to meet tomorrows scientificchallenges. Risk =
f(Hazard*Exposure) Target audiences: public, academia, industry We
believe that through green chemistry education, chemists will be
better equipped to develop an environmentally and economically
sustainable chemical enterprise. Principles of Green
Chemistry
CATEGORY METHODS EXAMPLES Prevention Waste prevention is better
than treatment or clean-up Use of solvent less sample preparation
techniques Atom Economy Chemical synthesis should maximize the
incorporation of all starting materials Hydrogenation of carboxlic
acid to aldehydes using solid catalysts Less Hazardous Syntheses
Chemical synthesis ideally should use and generate non-hazardous
substances Adipic acid synthesis by oxidation of cyclohexene using
hydrogen peroxide Design Safer Chemicals Chemical products should
be designed to be nontoxic New less hazardous pesticides Design for
Energy Efficiency Energy demands in chemical syntheses should be
minimized Polyolefins-polimer alternative to PWC (polymerization
may be carried with lower energy consumption) Safer Solvents and
Auxillaries The use of auxiliaries should be minimized
Supercritical fluid extraction, synthesis in ionic liquids
Inherently Safer Chemistry Substances should have minimum potential
for accidents Di-Me carbonate (DMC) is an environmentally friendly
substitute for di-Me sulfate and Me halides in methylation
reactions Renewable Feedstocks Raw materials increasingly should be
renewable Production of surfactants Reduce Derivatives Derivations
should be minimized On-fiber derivatization vs derivatization in
solution in sample preparation Catalysis Catalysts are superior to
reagents Efficient Au(III)-cata;yzed synthesis of b-enaminones from
1,3-dicarbonyl compds. And amines Design for Degradation Chemical
products should break down into innocuous products Synthesis
ofbiodegradable polymers Real-time Analysis Chemical processes
require better control Use of in-line analyzers for wastewater
monitoring Green Chemistry Patents Number of publications Key
Factors Driving Adoption of Green Chemistry Sustainable Business
Processes Rowan Solvent Greeness Scoring Index
Weighted Solvent Greenness Index Solvent = (OSI10solvent )
(Masssolvent) Total Process Greenness Index = Weighted Solvent
Greenness Indexsolvent Inhalation Toxicity Threshold Limit Value (
TLV ) Ingestion Toxicity Biodegradation Carcinogenicity Half Life
Global Warming Potential Greenness scores for commonly used
solvents Solvent usage in the development of Sildenafil Waste
generation per kilogram of Sitagliptin produced Dichloromethane use
at small molecule discovery sites Importance of Green Chemistry in
Nanotechnology
In recent years, the development of efficient green chemistry
methods for synthesis of nanoparticles has become a major focus of
researchers. An eco-friendly technique for production of
well-characterized nanoparticles. Production of metal nanoparticles
using organisms ( living or dead) Plants seem to be the best
candidates and they are suitable for large- scale biosynthesis of
nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by plants are more stable and
the rate of synthesis is faster than in the case of microorganisms.
Life-Cycle of Nanomaterials Manufacturing methods used in
nanoparticle synthesis Some Important Synthetic Methods
Metallic Nanoparticles Some Important SyntheticMethods Gold
Chemical reduction of salts; Biological synthesis Sliver
Microemulsion; Biological synthesis Palladium Chemical reduction;
Biological synthesis Zinc Oxide Magnetitie Copper Indium Oxide
Microemulsion; Biological Synthesis Green Synthesis of Silver
Nanoparticles Surface Modification of Nanoparticles Metallic
Nanoparticles Magnetic Nanoparticles Separation of magnetic
colloidal carriers Applications Green Chemistry in Pharmaceutical
Industry Green Pharmaceutical Industry Design Conclusion The Unique
Green Chemistry Applications:
Non-toxic manufacture of metallic nanoparticles Solvent Consumption
Reduction Safer Environment Cost Reduction Thank You