green architecture industrial age: harnessing steam using coal, then later, oil. combustion engine...
TRANSCRIPT
Green Architecture
• Industrial age: harnessing steam using coal, then later, oil. Combustion engine and turbine followed.
• 19th c. produced iron & steel in large quantities could be used in building
• 20th c. industrial methods for making sheet glass, fluorescent lamps, and air conditioning made possible large buildings sealed off from the natural environment
Going Green
• Like other benefits of industrialization, these buildings cost the environment
• Can we create a healthier & less wasteful human habitat? This is the heart of green architecture
• Preserving & updating existing structures is one of the basic practices- it is not always necessary to build new
Green on a Larger Scale
• Four Times Square• Largest building in US to establish
standards for energy conservation, indoor air quality, recycling systems, and sustainable manufacturing processes
• Contractors required to recycle waste- 65 percent was reclaimed
• Steel structure at top stabilizes building so less steel needed in building overall
Greenness
• Exterior glass is advanced type that admits maximum daylight, blocks solar hear, minimizes heat loss during winter
• Inside- biodegradable, renewable, nontoxic materials with sustainable harvested wood
• Energy-efficient lighting, low-use water systems• Gray water is recycled• Natural gas pro9cues hot/cold water (not
chlorofluorocarbons harmful to ozone layer)• Fresh air taken in at higher elevations
Energy Conservation
• Produces much of its own energy• Voltaic panels convert sunlight into electricity• Power comes from 2 fuel cells set on exterior,
that use natural gas• The two cells provide 60 percent of night time
electricity needs• Gas is nonrenewable buy cleaner than coal or oil
& these cells are the cleanest & most efficient
Cultural Response
• Architects respond to the local landscape, climate, culture, building traditions rather than impose Western styles
• Why should architecture look the same everywhere?
• Jean Marie Tjibaou was a leader of the Kanak people, center dedicated to preserving & transmitting this culture
Cultural Connection
• Piano researched, working with local anthropologist and Kanak advisors
• Goal was to blend current building technologies with Kanak traditions
• Kanak dwellings have vertical staves that meet at the top, and weave horizontal elements in & out as in basketry
• Center consists of 10 of these pavilions linked by walkway that resembles a Kanak village
• Basket-like structures ventilate rooms, lit by daylight• Wood & bamboo construction is endlessly renewable
Paper as a Building Material
• Shigeru Ban Japan Pavilion constructed from paper: easily & inexpensively manufactured, available almost everywhere, completely recyclable
• Goal: to create temporary structure that could be entirely recycled or reused
• Inner framework of weatherproofed paper tubes lashed together with tape
• Exterior paper membrane stretched over lightweight wooden arches that allow daylight
• Foundation is steel-reinforced boxes of sand
